副題「Problems of the East and Problems of the Far East」。
The Mongol yoke had continued two hundred and fifty-six years (1224-1480). It left in Russia traces that were for a long time ineffaceable. Before the Tartar conquest, the power of a Russian prince was founded upon European origins. It recalled the patriarchal authority of the old-time chieftains of the Slavo-Russian tribes; the martial authority of the heads of the Scandinavian or Variagian clans, like Rulik and othe Variagian chiefs, called into Russia, it is said, by the Slavs; and the authority, at once civil and religious, of the Byzantine-Roman emperors, whom the successors of Rulik, like all the barbarian chieftains of Eastern Europe, liked to take as models. After the Tartar conquest, on the contrary, the Russian princes and especially the Grand Princes of Moscow, selected as prototypes of their own authority the Khans and Great Khans with their autocratic power,--coarse, irresponsible, Asiatic. From that time forward, they treated their vassals as they themselves had been treated by the Khans. Between the Grand Prince and his vassals, and between these and the peasants, the relations were those of brutal masters and tembling slaves. The sovereign of Moscow did not differ from a Mongol Khanm from a Persian Shah, or from an Osmanli Sultan, save as he professed the orthodox religion. He was a sort of a Christian Turk. （pp. 9-10）
2008年11月02日「外川継男 『ロシアとソ連邦』 から」での私の推測は正しいのかもしれないと思わせる記述。
（BiblioLife 2008年8月、もと Burlington, Vermont, The Internatinal Monthly, 1900 の復刻）
The Mongol yoke had continued two hundred and fifty-six years (1224-1480). It left in Russia traces that were for a long time ineffaceable. Before the Tartar conquest, the power of a Russian prince was founded upon European origins. It recalled the patriarchal authority of the old-time chieftains of the Slavo-Russian tribes; the martial authority of the heads of the Scandinavian or Variagian clans, like Rulik and othe Variagian chiefs, called into Russia, it is said, by the Slavs; and the authority, at once civil and religious, of the Byzantine-Roman emperors, whom the successors of Rulik, like all the barbarian chieftains of Eastern Europe, liked to take as models. After the Tartar conquest, on the contrary, the Russian princes and especially the Grand Princes of Moscow, selected as prototypes of their own authority the Khans and Great Khans with their autocratic power,--coarse, irresponsible, Asiatic. From that time forward, they treated their vassals as they themselves had been treated by the Khans. Between the Grand Prince and his vassals, and between these and the peasants, the relations were those of brutal masters and tembling slaves. The sovereign of Moscow did not differ from a Mongol Khanm from a Persian Shah, or from an Osmanli Sultan, save as he professed the orthodox religion. He was a sort of a Christian Turk. （pp. 9-10）
2008年11月02日「外川継男 『ロシアとソ連邦』 から」での私の推測は正しいのかもしれないと思わせる記述。
（BiblioLife 2008年8月、もと Burlington, Vermont, The Internatinal Monthly, 1900 の復刻）