思考の断片の断片（54）

"The Cultural Revolution corresponded to all aspirations of Chinese youth, to its desire for purity and emancipation, to its need for devotion and devotion to a personage with great prestige." (Jacques Gernet, A History of Chinese Civilization, p.672)

The Anti-foreign demonstrations (i.e. as to Janan in 2005 and France in 2008) corresponded to all aspirations of Chinese youth, to its desire for amusement and emancipation, to its need for violence and devotion to powers.

I strongly propose most of you should immediately go to quake-stricken Sichuan province to join the rescue mission and help devastated people there. You are given another promising chance to demonstate your flaring love of the motherland.

Wolfram Eberhard 『A History of China』

"The second Confucian value is loyalty to the 'son of heaven'--to the emperor who, in theory at least, represented heaven and the order of Nature. This value has been transferred to loyalty to the Party and its leader, because to transfer it to the nation could possibly give impetus to the rise of nationalism; nationalism is undesirable for an organization which claims to represent all the oppressed in the world." ("CHAPTER XXII: PRESENT-DAY CHINA," p.361)

　このくだり、黄宗羲『明夷待訪録』「原君」の一節を思い出す。

“後之爲人君者不然、以爲天下利害之權皆出於我、我以天下之利盡歸於己、以天下之害盡歸於人、亦無不可。使天下之人不敢自私、不敢自利、以我之大私爲天下之大公。始而慚焉、久而安焉、視天下爲莫大之產業、傳之子孫、受享無窮。漢高帝所謂「某業所就、孰與仲多」者、其逐利之情不覺溢之於辭矣。”　→2008年04月21日「思考の断片の断片（48）」

　「堯舜の世は別として、それ以後の君主はおのれ一個の『私』を天下の『公』であるとする。」中国における伝統的な意味における“公”とはつまり支配者の“私”であるというのならば、かの国の社会に汚職が絶えないのも当然である。いや、汚職――少なくとも日本における意味の――という概念もまた、そもそも存在しないのかもしれない。これはつまり、日本語でいうところの（これを近代的な、あるいは西洋的なといって良いのかどうかはわからないが）“公私混同”という概念が存在しないということなのであるから。
　「フェアプレイはまだ早い」のか？

（Berkely and Los Angeles, University of California Press, 1977）

Michael Kublin/Hyman Kublin 『China』

Essentially, this is a great work as a one of the "World Regional Studies" textbooks, though it doesn't mention the trial of the Gang of Four in 1981 was conducted upon an ex post facto law.

Nullum crimen, nulla poena sine praevia lege poenali?

（Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 3rd edition, 1991）

Jacques Gernet 『A History of Chinese Civilization』

"From the strictly economic point of view, we could speak of an immense waste of energy (during the Great Leap Forward and the subsequent Cultural Revolution), but we should be wrong to take this point of view. for no human society obeys rational rules." ("PART 11 A New Chapter in Chinese History: The People's Republic of China," p.678)

What should be a right point of view to take then?

（trans. by J. R. Foster, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1982）