(1) From quiet paths by a stream in a forest to busy roads running through a city, people have created various forms of routes in different places. These now exist all around us, and their use is imperative for societies. These routes have enabled people to move, transport things, and send information from one place to another quickly and safely. Throughout history, they have been important in our daily lives.
[設問]
問１ Which of the following is closest to the meaning of the underlined word imperative in paragraph (1)? [ 46 ]
① accidental
② essential
③ industrial
④ traditional
【解答・解説】
[番號付英文]
1.1 From quiet paths by a stream in a forest to busy roads running through a city, people have created various forms of routes in different places.
1.2 These now exist all around us, and their use is imperative for societies.
1.3 These routes have enabled people to move, transport things, and send information from one place to another quickly and safely.
1.4 Throughout history, they have been important in our daily lives.
[正答へのアプロウチ]
問１ Which of the following is closest to the meaning of the underlined word imperative in paragraph (1)? （次のどれが、パラグラフ(1)の下線を施した語 imperative の意味に最も近いか）
（※ Longman Dictionary of American English の語義説明を附記してみました）
imperative: extremely important and urgent
① accidental: happening without being planned or intended
② essential: important and necessary
③ industrial: relating to industry or the people working in industry
④ traditional: relating to the traditions of a country or group of people / following ideas, methods etc. that have existed for a long time rather than doing something new or different
[解答]
[ 46 ] ②
[語句・構文等]
1.1 busy roads running through a city: running through a city が後から busy roads を追加説明してゐます。
1.1 route [ru:t] ※ここでは「（通り）道（/路）」「經路」としてみました。
1.2 use 名詞で發音は [ju:s]
1.3 en- 「特定の状態にする」といふ意味を與へて名詞や形容詞を他動詞化する接頭辭
1.3 enable ～ to-不定詞（…） 「（物・事が）～に…できるやうにする」
1.4 lives ここでは life の複數形 [laivz]
[意味把握チェック]
1.1 森の小川のそばの靜かな徑から都市をつらぬく往來の激しい道路まで、人々はさまざまな場所に多樣な形態の（通り）道を創出してきた。
1.2 これらは今日私たちの周り中に存在し、その使用は社會には絶對に必要（/必須/不可避）である。
1.3 これらの（通り）道により、人々は速く安全にある場所から別の場所へと移動し、物を運び、情報を送り屆けることができるやうになつてきてゐる。
1.4 歴史を通じて、それらはずつと私たちの日常生活で重要であつた。
