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第47次南極地域観測隊（JARE47）での研究成果が、Microbial Ecology誌に公表されました。<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
JAMSTECの高野さん、環境省の桝さん、そして私の３人で、南極宗谷海岸ラングホブデで野外調査している際に、たまたま見つけた現象です。<o:p></o:p>
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タイトル：Microbial
Community Structure, Pigment Composition, and Nitrogen Source of Red Snow in
Antarctica <o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
著者：Masanori Fujii, Yoshinori Takano, Hisaya Kojima,
Tamotsu Hoshino, Ryouichi Tanaka1 and Manabu Fukui<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
掲載誌：Microbial Ecology (2010) 59:466-475<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
要旨：<o:p></o:p>
“Red snow” refers to red-colored snow, caused
by bloom of cold-adapted phototrophs, so-called snow algae. The red snow found
in Langhovde, Antarctica, was investigated from several viewpoints. Various
sizes of rounded red cells were observed in the red snow samples under
microscopy. Pigment analysis demonstrated accumulation of astaxanthin in the
red snow. Community structure of microorganisms was analyzed by
culture-independent methods. In the analyses of small subunit rRNA genes,
several species of green algae, fungus, and various phylotypes of bacteria were
detected. The detected bacteria were closely related to psychrophilic or
psychrotolerant heterotrophic strains, or sequences detected from
low-temperature environments. As predominant lineage of bacteria, members of
the genus Hymenobacter were
consistently detected from samples obtained in two different years. Nitrogen
isotopic compositions analysis indicated that the red snow was significantly 15N-enriched.
Based on an estimation of trophic level, it was suggested that primary nitrogen
sources of the red snow were supplied from fecal pellet of seabirds including a
marine top predator of Antarctica. <o:p></o:p>
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連日、重い荷物を担いで野外調査。腰も痛くなります。<o:p></o:p>
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おまけに、夏の南極は太陽が沈まず、強い紫外線のため、すっかり日焼け。過酷な野外調査を経て、帰国後低温科学研究所で研究展開をはかり、こうして論文として公表されると、これまでの努力が報われた感があります。これこそ、フィールドサイエンティストの醍醐味ですね。<o:p></o:p>
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さあ、今月末は、野外調査です。ダイエットしなくては！<o:p></o:p>
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