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和英特許翻訳メモ

便利そうな表現、疑問、謎、その他メモ書き。思いつきで書いてます。
拾った用例は必ずしも典型例、模範例ではありません。

betweenの後単数形:複数なのに単数の謎;複数の同一名称要素

2022-12-16 11:35:47 | 表現

"A simple case in which we can feel flipping between an egocentric and an object-centered frame(*単数形。2つを比較していることが明らかだから?単に最初のframeを省略しただけ?framesでもOK?)is when we see a particular shape as an ..." (The Stuff of Thought, Steven Pinker、基準次第で物の見え方が異なる例)

AからB、BからAにフリップするんだからfromを使って、flipping from A to B and back to Aでも良さそう。

またはbetween egocentric and object-centered framesとか。

US7134047(既出)
7. A machine readable medium on which are stored上に記憶した)instructions that are executable by a processor having a first and a second execution cores(*複数形)to implement a method for recovering from soft errors, the method comprising:

US10748900(既出)
11. A method of forming a semiconductor structure, comprising:

forming a cap layer over a substrate formed with a first semiconductor material(*材料で形成), wherein the cap layer is etch selective to the first semiconductor material;
forming a first and a second fin(*単数形)in the substrate;
 
WO2016112021(既出)
11. A computer-implemented method of calculating a final cumulative athletic metric based upon an athlete's athletic movements during a first time frame that comprises at least a first and a second time period(*複数の同一名称要素の初出時不定冠詞単数)
 
US8540526(既出)
1. A busway joint for coupling a first and a second busway section,
 

WO2017155701(既出)
the protuberance having a predetermined height and being disposed a distance from first and second walls thereby forming a first and a second shelf(*第1および第2;初出の単数;複数なのに単数の謎),

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保護対象(通信)

2022-12-10 23:19:31 | 表現

保護対象:protected object(私訳)

保護対象エンティティ:protected entity

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購読解除

2022-12-06 19:07:11 | 表現

You've Been Unsubscribed
If you'd like to re-subscribe to this list, use the link below.

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追加・変更(5G)

2022-12-02 20:05:44 | 表現

addition/change

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接続詞を使わないで節・文を繋げる

2022-11-27 23:19:59 | 表現

"He dismissed his lawyer [and] then lay back on the cot" (The Stone Monkey, Jeffery Deaver)

普通はandが入ると思うが小説でよく見かける。文学的表現?作家の好み?

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温度範囲の単位記載;繰り返し;範囲

2022-11-26 13:27:36 | 表現

US9298197(既出)
As mentioned, FIG. 12A illustrates a schedule of original setpoint temperatures according to an embodiment.
言及されるように、図12Aは、ある実施の形態に従って元の設定点温度のスケジュールを示す。

The schedule in this example is defined over a period of 24 hours, and defines an indoor temperature control trajectory 904 that ranges between 71° F. and 73° F(*単位繰り返し).
この例におけるスケジュールは、24時間の期間に亘って規定され、71°Fと73°Fとの間の範囲の屋内温度制御軌跡904を規定する。

EP2928671(既出)
For example, some parts may need to survive usage in some airframe locations that have in-service temperature ranges from around -54 degrees Celsius(*度、摂氏)to around 225 degrees Celsius(*単位繰り返し).

US7515986
In some embodiments, the heaters 108 are quartz rod elements, which are stable at temperatures in excess of 400° Celsius(*度、摂氏). In an exemplary embodiment, the heaters 108 may produce and maintain a consistent and stable temperature between 20° Celsius and 400° Celsius(*単位繰り返し).

US20190230954
A relatively large diameter roller may be provided with the gum carried preferably over at least about ¼ a rotation (at least about 90 degrees) to provide a long residence time to facilitate heat transfer out of the gum and to the chilled roller (chilled to a roller surface temperature between −15° C. and 60° C(*単位繰り返し).; and preferably between about 15° C. and 25° C.). 

US8785261
14. A method of fabricating a transistor comprising:
providing a structural substrate comprising silicon;
forming a formation substrate on the structural substrate, wherein the formation substrate comprises a silicon carbide layer;
forming a graphene layer on the formation substrate, wherein forming the graphene layer comprises annealing the silicon carbide layer in a gas selected from the group comprising gallium gas, germanium gas, germane, and digermane at temperatures of about 700-900° C(*ハイフン;単位繰り返し無し). and forming the graphene layer by hydrocarbon chemical vapor deposition;

US9944784
In some embodiments, the temperature of the release solution is lower than the temperature at which the solution containing the proteins was contacted with the crosslinked polymer particles. In some cases, the protein solution and the rinse solution are at a temperature between 30° C. and 60° C(*単位繰り返し).

US20190288176
In some embodiments, baking of the substrate 302 may occur before or after any of the above actions. For example, the substrate 302 may be prebaked to remove surface water. In some embodiments, prebaking may be performed at a temperature in the range of 200° C. to 400° C., including all values and ranges therein, for a time of 30 to 60 minutes, including all values and ranges therein. After application of the photoresist, a post application bake may occur, wherein at least a portion of the solvents in the photoresist are driven off. A post application bake is, for example, performed at temperatures in the range of 70° C. to 140° C(*単位繰り返し)., including all values and ranges therein, for a time period in the range of 60 seconds to 240 seconds, including all values and ranges therein. 

US9147677
As shown in the TLP data 200 of FIG. 7A, the voltage clamp device can have a holding voltage of about 2 V and a trigger voltage between about 9 V and 9.5 V(*単位繰り返し). However, other values are possible, such as voltages that depend on geometric structural features and/or fabrication processes.

US9512537
FIG. 5A shows an L* a* b* color space plot indicating how a* and b* values change as a function of applied voltage ranging from(*between?)60 volts and(*to?) 110 volts(*単位繰り返し). As shown, a* values range from about 0 to about −1.3 using applied voltages ranging from 60 volts and 110 volts, corresponding to various amounts of green color. Increasing the voltage from 60 volts to about 100 volts(*単位繰り返し)results in increasing amounts of green color. 

US20190136224
FIG. 19 illustrates spatial electric field distribution along a longitudinal axis of the constriction within the flow path. The simulated electric field curves for applied voltages ranging between 0.5 kV and 2.5 kV(*単位繰り返し)are shown and demonstrate a linear gradient along the centerline of the pipette tip channel. The geometric constriction linearly amplifies the electric field experienced by the cells. An applied voltage of 2.5 kV resulted in Emax=12.5 kV/cm. 

US9269502
In some embodiments, the capacitance and power output are measured using cyclic voltametry (CV), chronopotentiometry (CP) and impedance spectroscopy at various voltages (ranging from 1.0-2.5 V(*ハイフン;単位繰り返し無し)maximum voltage) and current levels (from 1-10 mA) on a Biologic VMP3 electrochemical workstation. In this embodiment, the capacitance may be calculated from the discharge curve of the potentiogram using the formula:

US10353449
At 302, an initial VID and Frequency are set, and the CPU is driven with suitable software, e.g., suitable work load or benchmark application. In some embodiments, for example, the VID and frequency could be set to a Max Non-Turbo state. Regardless, in most situations, the value should be sufficiently low for encountered devices (e.g., being tested, adjusted, and/or verified) so that it doesn't start off with operating VR parameters exceeding specified limits. For example, with a CPU rated to operate up to 100 W at voltages ranging from 1.1 to 1.5 V(*単位繰り返し無し), the initial VID might be for 1.3V with a load (determined by frequency and received Vin) of about 90 W.

US7738350
A first set of current-voltage (I-V) curves 1102 illustrate when the tip 306 was used to write to the diamond-like carbon layer 106. The tip 306 was positioned at nine different locations on the diamond-like carbon layer 106 and the current-voltage (I-V) curves 1102 were collected from each of the locations. Note that the current increased nonlinearly until it jumped when the voltage was increased above the threshold voltage. For the illustrated embodiment, current jumps occurred at the threshold voltages ranging from approximately 0.9 to 1V(*単位繰り返し無し).

US20220093790
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, a high voltage GaN transistor technology enables power delivery solutions that are more efficient than what is possible today. Servers and graphics products are powered by power delivery solutions with input voltages ranging between 48V to 72V(*単位繰り返し)

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系、ハイフン、複数要素

2022-11-26 12:53:16 | 表現

~系合金:x-based, x-y based, x-y-z based

US20110036471(既出)
The following definitions will apply for the entirety of this document. The term “Alloy 625” will refer to commonly manufactured nickel-chromium based alloys that have similar chemical compositions of embodiments of the present invention. The term “the alloy” will refer to the nickel-chromium based alloy meeting the composition specifications set forth in this document, prior to the application of heat treatment procedures. The terms “heat treated alloy” or “HTA” will refer to the nickel-chromium based alloy meeting the composition specifications set forth in this document, subsequent to the application of heat treatment procedures.

US11053615(既出)
18. The method of claim 15, wherein the continuous load-relieving process aid strand comprises a third metal alloy wire constructed of a material selected from a nickel-chromium based alloy, a nickel-chromium-molybdenum based alloy, aluminum, and stainless steel.

US11097511
The metal of the substrate includes elements from Group 1 to Group 12 of the periodic table, alloys thereof, or a combination thereof. Exemplary metals are magnesium, aluminum, titanium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, molybdenum, tungsten, palladium, chromium, ruthenium, gold, silver, zinc, zirconium, vanadium, silicon, or a combination thereof, including alloys thereof. Metal alloys include, for example, an aluminum-based alloy(*例示列挙の単数), magnesium-based alloy, tungsten-based alloy, cobalt-based alloy, iron-based alloy, nickel-based alloy, cobalt and nickel-based alloy, iron and nickel-based alloy, iron and cobalt-based alloy, copper-based alloy, and titanium-based alloy. As used herein, the term “metal-based alloy” means a metal alloy wherein the weight percentage of the specified metal in the alloy is greater than the weight percentage of any other component of the alloy, based on the total weight of the alloy. Exemplary metal alloys include steel, nichrome, brass, pewter, bronze, invar, inconel, hastelloy, MgZrZn, MgAlZn, AlCuZnMn, and AlMgZnSiMn.

US10501323
Exemplary alloys include steel, nickel-chromium based alloys such as Inconel*, and nickel-copper based alloys such as Monel alloys. Nickel-chromium based alloys can contain about 40-75% of Ni, about 10-35% of Cr. The nickel-chromium based alloys can also contain about 1 to about 15% of iron. Small amounts of Mo, Nb, Co, Mn, Cu, Al, Ti, Si, C, S, P, B, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing can also be included in the nickel-chromium based alloys. 

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との間;between when and (when)

2022-11-25 11:37:26 | 表現

二つ目のwhenは無くてもいいらしい。

"within a narrow window between when shooting started and police arrived"(NBC News)

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イーロン・マスク、ツイッター、分かれ道

2022-11-18 09:05:14 | 表現

A Fork in the Road

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as well as:非対称性

2022-11-14 14:41:24 | 表現

as well as, Glenn Paquette、エナゴ学術英語アカデミー

A as well as B = A and Bではない。

「Bだけでなく、Bはもちろんだが、Bに加えて」等の「非対称性」を表す(学校文法で習った通り)。

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前置詞句の挿入

2022-11-14 00:59:43 | 表現

sepsis: presence in tissues of harmful bacteria, New Oxford American Dictionary

"The census transform (CT) is an image operator that associates to each pixel of a grayscale image a binary string, encoding whether the pixel has smaller intensity than each of its neighbours, one for each bit." Census transform, Wikipedia

 

fetish: desire in which gratification is linked to an abnormal degree to a particular object (New Oxford American)

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他者の悲しみに同情してのI'm sorry

2022-11-13 17:41:17 | 表現

子供を交通事故で亡くした、と同僚が言うのを聞いて、I'm sorry.

日本語だったら?

気の毒に

お悔やみ申し上げます

辛かったでしょうね、お辛いですね

それは大変でしたね

可哀そうに

そうですか・・・

 

日本語だと適切な言葉が浮かばない。

 

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デッドボール

2022-11-12 10:56:23 | 表現

デッドボールは和製英語でネイティブは使わないとよく聞きますが、20年くらい前に見たチャーリー・シーン主演の映画かドラマで主審が"Dead ball!"と叫ぶのを聞きました。

場面は単なるファウルで、要するにボールがout of playでdead、すなわちin play, playableではないということだろうと思います。

"a ball that is out of play is dead" (out of play:英ナビ!辞書

実際に審判が"Dead ball!"と言うのが一般的なのか単なる映画の演出なのか不明ですが、そういう表現自体が無いわけではないと思います。

また、MLBによるDead ballの定義として、"A dead ball is a ball that is out of play ... Other common instances in which the ball is ruled dead include a batter being hit by a pitch"ともあり、やはりボールがdead、との意味での"dead ball"という表現はあるようです。日本語のデッドボールは投球がバッターに当たり一塁が与えられる出来事(hit by pitch)を指し、英語のDead ballは基本的にはボールの状態を指しているのではないかと思います。

Dead ball, Definition, MLB

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電流制限回路:limiting vs limit

2022-11-07 20:22:12 | 表現

Ludwig/Google/Intel/Apple

current limiting circuit: 1/7/25/15

current limit circuit: 0/1/9/9

US11220587
If designed to deliver power at operating temperatures, the cold resistance might be too low
作業温度で電力を供給するように設計される場合、耐寒性が非常に低い場合があり、

and the current demand will trigger the battery's current limiting circuitry resulting in shut down.
現行需要はバッテリーの電流制限回路を作動させ、シャットダウンをもたらす。

WO2020210171
 The current and voltage limited operating power is then converted to a step-down power via a current-limiting network
電流と電圧の制限された動作電力は、次いで、電流制限回路を介して降圧電力に変換される。

US2020312231
The resistor network R 1 -R 5 serves as a current limiting circuit for the LED 146 and
抵抗器ネットワークR1~R5は、LED146のための電流制限回路としての役割を果たし、

in this manner, without active feedback, doesn't precisely control the current of the LED 146 in response to small LED voltage changes. 
またこのようにして、アクティブフィードバックなしに、小さなLED電圧変化に応答してLED146の電流を精密に制御しない。

US2019206491
[0022] In some examples, memory device 100 may also include components of a selection module 120 coupled to word-line electrode 110 .
【0022】
  いくつかの例では、メモリデバイス100は、ワード線電極110に結合された選択モジュール120の構成要素も含み得る。

Current-limiting circuitry 122 of selection module 120 may be coupled to word-line electrode 110 to facilitate a selection operation of one or more memory cells of memory cells 102 using word-line electrode 110 
選択モジュール120の電流制限回路122は、ワード線電極110を使用したメモリセル102の1つまたは複数のメモリセルの選択動作を容易にするためにワード線電極110に結合され得る。

US10763664
[0021] As shown in FIG. 1, load switch circuit 100 includes a driver circuit 104 and a slew-rate-control circuit 106 .
【0018】
  図1に示すように、負荷スイッチ回路100は、ドライバ回路104及びスルーレート制御回路106を含む。

Other circuits (not specifically shown) can include control logic(*無冠詞)for the driver circuit 104 and optionally, a quick output discharge circuit, a thermal shutdown circuit, a reverse current protection circuit and a current limiting circuit
他の回路(特に図示せず)が、ドライバ回路104のための制御ロジック、及び任意で、迅速出力ディスチャージ回路、熱シャットダウン回路、逆電流保護回路、及び電流制限回路を含み得る。

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してする問題(続)

2022-11-07 20:17:13 | 表現

US9821167(既出)
[0079] According to an alternative example embodiment of the present invention, the system
【0112】
  本発明の代替実施形態により、システムは、

generates and outputs a three-dimensional graph, with amplitude plotted as radii(*無冠詞、複数), as shown in FIG. 3,
図3に示すように振幅を半径としてプロットした3次元グラフを生成して出力し、

WO2016137873
selecting the display data signal for output by the at least one of the plurality of multiplexers, 
上記複数のマルチプレクサのうちの上記少なくとも1つによって上記表示データ信号を選択して出力するステップと

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当ブログの例文について

本ブログの「特許英語散策」等題した部分では、英語の例文を管理人の独断と偏見で収集し、適宜訳文・訳語を記載しています。 訳文等は原則として対応日本語公報をそのまま写したものです。私個人のコメント部分は(大抵)”*”を付しています。 訳語は多数の翻訳者の長年の努力の結晶ですが、誤訳、転記ミスもあると思いますのでご注意ください。