US9043766 (Facebook; Background)

US9043766(Facebook, Inc.)

BACKGROUND

This invention relates generally to code management systems, and more particularly（特に）to managing a software application across programming languages, such as for generating equivalent image filters in multiple programming languages.

The modern（現代）computer ecosystem comprises（から成る、含む、構成される）a wide array of（様々な）computing device types and a wide array of programming languages. This ecosystem presents a challenge for（課題、困難）engineers seeking to implement（実施、実装）a write-once, use-many（一度書けば何度でも使える、WOUM） application that is portable across devices. Engineers who provide applications across the internet want to provide functionality（機能）to users in many devices, such as a mobile phone, a tablet, a desktop computer, etc（等、など）. However, the programming language and tools available for each of these applications vary and present challenges for implementing identical functionality reliably across the various devices. In particular（特に）, a photo sharing service should provide users of an image filtering application with the guarantee that various devices use identical image filtering computations. However, programming these various devices using different languages and tools is cumbersome（手間、煩瑣、面倒）. Even in a single device, there may be several pathways for executing logic（論理を実行）, such as a general and a specialized processor, each of which is programmed with a unique syntax or language.

US9053107 (Google; Background)

US9053107(Google Inc.)

BACKGROUND

In a given operating system, updates（更新）to files can occur to provide additional functionality or to correct bugs within the operating system.

SUMMARY

The subject technology（本願の技術）provides for（具備する、提供する）updating a collection of files based on an organization of the files on different blocks of a storage device. The subject technology preserves locations of one or more files in a file system update. The subject technology then determines an updated set of files that have been modified in the file system update in order to update an old file system image. The updated set of files updates a corresponding old set of files in the old file system image. The subject technology determines whether an old set of metadata associated with（対応、関連付けられた）the old set of files is modified based on the updated set of files. The subject technology then generates a set of updated files based on a binary difference of the updated set of files and the old set of files. Additionally（更に）, the subject technology generates an updated set of metadata for the updated set of files based on a binary difference between a new set of metadata and the old set of metadata if the old set of metadata is modified, in which the updated set of metadata includes location information of the updated set of files.

The subject technology further provides（提供）a system for updating a collection of files based on an organization of the files on different blocks of a disk. The system includes memory（無冠詞）, one or more processors, and one or more modules stored in memory（記憶する、無冠詞）and configured for（構成する）execution（実行）by the one or more processors. The system includes a delta update module configured to（構成する）determine an updated set of files that have been modified in a file system update in order to update an old file system image in which the updated set of files updates a corresponding（対応する）old set of files in the old file system image, and configured to determine whether an old set of metadata associated with the old set of files is modified based on the updated set of files, and generate a set of updated files based on the updated set of files. The system further includes a metadata generator module configured to generate an updated set of metadata for the updated set of files if the old set of metadata is modified in which the updated set of metadata includes location information of the updated set of files.

Yet another aspect of the subject technology provides for preserving locations of one or more files in a file system update. In some configurations（構成）, preserving the file location minimizes the amount of changes to metadata. The subject technology determines an updated set of files that have been modified in the file system update in order to update an old file system image in which the updated set of files updates an old set of files in the old file system image. The subject technology determines whether an old set of metadata associated with the old set of files is modified based on（基づいて） the updated set of files. The subject technology then generates a set of updated files based on a binary difference of（違い、相違） the updated set of files and the old set of files. Additionally, the subject technology generates an updated set of metadata for the updated set of files based on a binary difference between（違い、相違） a new set of metadata and the old set of metadata if the old set of metadata is modified, in which the updated set of metadata includes location information of the updated set of files. One or more locations of free space in an updated file system image are then determined. The subject technology performs a write operation（書込み動作を実行）in the one or more locations of free space in the updated file system image in which the write operation writes one or more zeros in the locations of free space. The set of updated files is transmitted over a network to a target system in which the second file system image updates a file system stored on the target system. Additionally, the subject technology transmits the updated set of metadata over the network to the target system if the first set metadata is modified.

It is understood that other configurations of the subject technology will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description（当業者に明らか）, wherein various configurations of the subject technology are shown and described by way of illustration（例示として）. As will be realized（以下の記載から分かるように）, the subject technology is capable of other and different configurations and its several details are capable of modification in various other respects, all without departing from the scope of（範囲から逸脱することなく）the subject technology. Accordingly（従って）, the drawings and detailed description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive（例示であって限定ではない）.

（公知技術の課題や問題点は述べていない）

US9055120 (Google; Background)

US9055120(Google Inc.)

BACKGROUND

Software drives computers and, in turn, allows computer users to be more efficient in their work, more effective in their daily lives, and more entertained with games, puzzles, and other software. Software can be sold both in physical forms (e.g.,（例えば、等） on disks within a box that is sold in a store) or in electronic forms (e.g., via a download from an application store).

With the development of more sophisticated mobile computing devices (e.g., smartphones) has come development of（開発）online application stores or marketplaces through which users of such devices can purchase and pay for various applications that they need or otherwise desire. Over time（時の経過、徐々に）, manufacturers of computing devices introduce more advanced devices, and software developers respond by producing applications that take advantage of the new capabilities of such new devices or new features on the devices (e.g., better image capture tools, better sensor packages, etc.（等）). As a result, certain applications in an application marketplace may be able to operate with the devices of some users who access the marketplace, but not with the devices of other users.