凹部

Translate: 部材の上面には、第１の凹部が設けられている。

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

A first recess is provided on the upper surface of the member.

あなた:

How about "A first recess is provided in the upper surface of the member"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

Both translations are grammatically correct, but they carry slightly different nuances:

1. "On the upper surface"

   • Suggests that the recess is located on or exposed at the top surface.
   • Commonly used when the feature is more visible or accessible from the surface.

2. "In the upper surface"

   • Implies that the recess is embedded or integrated within the surface, giving a subtle sense of depth.
   • Works well if the recess is seen as part of the surface structure (e.g., a groove or cavity).

Which is better?

• "On the upper surface" fits if the recess is a shallow or exposed feature.
• "In the upper surface" works better if the recess is cut into the surface, implying some depth or structural integration.

Both versions are acceptable for a patent translation, but "in the upper surface" might feel slightly more precise if the intent is to describe a feature formed into the material.