ファスナー

Zipper, Wikipedia
"The bulk of a zipper/zip consists of two rows of protruding teeth, which may be made to interdigitate, linking the rows,^[3] carrying from tens to hundreds of specially shaped metal or plastic teeth. These teeth can be either individual or shaped from a continuous coil, and are also referred to as elements（＊務歯）.^[4] The slider, operated by hand, moves along the rows of teeth. Inside the slider is a Y-shaped channel that meshes together（＊噛み合わせ）or separates the opposing rows of teeth, depending on the direction of the slider's movement. The word Zipper is onomatopoetic, because it was named for the sound the device makes when used, a high-pitched zip.

In many jackets and similar garments, the opening is closed completely when the slider is at the top end. Some jackets have double-separating（＊逆開き？） zippers with two sliders on the tape. When the sliders are on opposite ends of the tape then the jacket is closed. If the lower slider is raised then the bottom part of the jacket may be opened to allow more comfortable sitting or bicycling. When both sliders are lowered then the zipper may be totally separated.

Bags, suitcases and other pieces of luggage also often feature two sliders on the tape: the part of the zipper between them is unfastened. When the two sliders are located next to each other, which can be at any point along the tape, the zipper is fully closed."

US2018049520(JP, YKK)
"[0039] Further, the slider 6 shown in FIG. 1 is obtained by subjecting a long body (not shown) made of a plate-like body having a rectangular cross section to press working in multiple stages and cutting the long body at predetermined intervals to prepare a slider body, and by further attaching a spring and a pull tab to the slider body as necessary. Furthermore, the pull tab is obtained by stamping out the plate-like body having the rectangular cross section into a predetermined shape, and the pull tab is fixed to the slider body by means of caulking. It is noted that the lower stopper 5 may be an openable, closable and fittingly insertable tool including an insert pin, a box pin and a box body, so that the pair of slide fastener chains can be separated by separating operation of the slider. "

また、図１に示すスライダー６は、図示されていないが断面矩形状の板状体からなる長尺体を多段階にてプレス加工を施し、所定間隔ごとに切断し、スライダー胴体を作製し、さらに必要に応じてスプリング及び引手を装着したものである。さらに、引手も断面矩形状の板状体から、所定形状ごとに打ち抜き、これをスライダー胴体にかしめ固定したものである。なお、下止具５は、蝶棒、箱棒、箱体からなる開離嵌挿具とし、スライダーの開離操作にて一対のスライドファスナーチェーンを分離できるようにしたものであっても構わない。

US10099448(JP, YKK)
"The slide fasteners 30 shown in FIG. 3 includes: a pair of fastener tapes 31a, 31b; a pair of reinforcing tapes 34a, 34b separately spliced to a lower portion of each of the fastener tapes 31a, 31b; zip teeth rows 32a, 32b such as coil elements attached on the inside edges of the fastener tapes; a slider 33; and, an insertion rod 37, a box rod 35 and a box body 36 which form a separable fitting attached on inside edges of the reinforcing tapes 34a, 34b spliced to the lower portions of the fastener tapes 31a, 31b. In order to make the zip teeth rows 32a, 32b engaged with or disengaged from each other, the slider 33 is slidingly attached on the zip teeth rows. FIG. 3 shows a closed state of the slide fasteners 30, while FIG. 4 shows an opened state. "

図３に示すスライドファスナー３０は、一対のファスナーテープ３１ａ、３１ｂ、各ファスナーテープ３１ａ、３１ｂの下端部に溶着される一対の補強テープ３４ａ、３４ｂ、各ファスナーテープの内側縁部に取り付けられたコイルエレメント等の務歯列３２ａ、３２ｂ、スライダー３３、及びファスナーテープ３１ａ、３１ｂの下端部に溶着した補強テープ３４ａ、３４ｂの内側縁部に取付けられた開離嵌挿具である蝶棒３７、箱棒３５、箱体３６を含んでいる。スライダー３３は務歯３２ａ、３２ｂを噛合、解離するために務歯列に摺動自在に取り付けられている。図３はスライドファスナー３０を閉じた状態を、また図４は開いた状態を示している。

US2013305499(JP, YKK)
"[0002] An end of a slide fastener is sometimes equipped with a separable bottom end stop which is capable of connecting and separating a fastener chain. The separable bottom end stop generally includes a box pin, a box body, and an insert pin, and is attached to and contacted with a lower end of an element row of the fastener chain. As for a slide fastener with a separable bottom end stop, a portion of a fastener tape to which the separable bottom end stop is attached is reinforced in order to prevent a damage of the tape. In the past, it has been generally conducted that a reinforcing tape such as a plain-woven fabric (taffeta tape) or a transparent synthetic resin film is attached on the tape and thereafter the separable bottom end stop is attached thereon to reinforce the tape. "

スライドファスナーの端部には、ファスナーチェーンの連結及び分離を可能とする開離嵌挿具が取り付けられることがある。開離嵌挿具は一般に箱棒、箱体及び蝶棒から構成されており、これがファスナーチェーンの務歯列の下端に連接して取り付けられる。開離嵌挿具付きスライドファスナーにあっては、ファスナーテープの開離嵌挿具を取り付ける部分を補強して、当該テープの破損を防止することが行われている。従来は、平織り繊維（タフタテープ）又は透明な合成樹脂フィルムからなる補強用テープを貼着し、その後に開離嵌挿具を取り付けることで補強することが一般的であった。

"[0036] The separable bottom end stop 106 is contacted with the lower ends of the rows of the fastener elements 104 and attached to the lower ends of the fastener tapes 103. For example, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-189811 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-245806, the separable bottom end stop 106 is known. A given separable bottom end stop that is known by a person having ordinary skill in the art can be used. Generally, the separable bottom end stop 106 includes a box pin 106a, an insert pin 106b and a box body 106c. The box pin 106a and the insert pin 106b are attached to the bottom ends of the fastener tapes 103 in such a way as to face each other. The box body 106c is inserted from the lower end of the box pin 106a in such a way as to be engaged with and fixed at the box pin 106a. The box body 106c includes an insertion hole (not shown in the drawings) for inserting the insert pin 106b. Inserting and removing the insert pin 106b into and from the box body 106c can connect and separate the lower ends of the fastener chains. Note that the box pin 106a and the box body 106c can be integrally formed although the box pin 106a and the box body 106c are separately formed in such a way as to be engaged with each other and fixed in the present embodiment. 

[0037] Although the separable bottom end stop is attached only to the lower end of the slide fastener in the present embodiment, a reverse opening assembly including a box pin and an insert pin can be used as the separable bottom end stop as shown in another embodiment of the present invention, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-245859. Two sliders are placed such that the bottoms of the two sliders face each other and thus the slide fastener can reversely be opened. "

ファスナーエレメント１０４の列の下端に連接して開離嵌挿具１０６がファスナーテープ１０３の下端部に取着されている。開離嵌挿具１０６は例えば特開平６－１８９８１１号公報や特開平６－２４５８０６号公報に記載されているようにそれ自体公知であり、当業者に知られた任意の開離嵌挿具を使用すればよい。一般には、開離嵌挿具１０６は箱棒１０６ａ、蝶棒１０６ｂ及び箱体１０６ｃで構成される。箱棒１０６ａ及び蝶棒１０６ｂはファスナーテープ１０３の端縁に、互いに向き合うように装着される。箱体１０６ｃは箱棒１０６ａの下端から嵌挿されて箱棒１０６ａに係止固定される。箱体１０６ｃは蝶棒１０６ｂを挿入するための挿入穴（図示せず）を有しており、箱体１０６ｃへの蝶棒１０６ｂの挿抜によって、ファスナーチェーンの下端部の連結及び分離を行うことができる。なお、ここでは、箱棒１０６ａと箱体１０６ｃを別体に成形し、両者を係止固定する態様について記述したが、箱棒１０６ａと箱体１０６ｃは一体成形することも可能である。

【００２９】

  本実施形態においては、スライドファスナーの下端部にのみ開離嵌挿具が取着しているが、本発明に係る別の実施形態においては、例えば特開２００５－２４５８５９号公報に記載されているように、箱棒及び蝶棒からなる逆開き具を開離嵌挿具として使用し、２個のスライダーを尻合わせに配置することにより、逆開きを可能としたスライドファスナーとすることもできる。