「中年期の過体重や肥満により、高齢期の認知症のリスクが高まる」という研究結果が発表されました（Neurology, May 2011）。
調査対象者の中年期の体重を「やせ」（BMI≦20）、「正常体重」（20＜BMI≦25）、「過体重」（25＜BMI≦30）、「肥満」（BMI＞30）に分類すると、高齢期に認知症または認知症の疑いと判定されるリスクは、「正常体重」と比べて、「やせ」では0.79倍と高くなかったが、「過体重」では1.71倍、「肥満」では3.88倍と高かった。
https://aspara.asahi.com/blog/medicalreport/entry/rpDnLoxG7Y
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Midlife overweight and obesity increase late-life dementia risk
A population-based twin study
W.L. Xu, MD, PhD, A.R. Atti, MD, PhD, M. Gatz, PhD, N.L. Pedersen, PhD, B. Johansson, PhD and L. Fratiglioni, MD, PhD
Abstract
Objective: The relation of overweight to dementia is controversial. We aimed to examine the association of midlife overweight and obesity with dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) in late life, and to verify the hypothesis that genetic and early-life environmental factors contribute to the observed association.
Methods: From the Swedish Twin Registry, 8,534 twin individuals aged ?65 (mean age 74.4) were assessed to detect dementia cases (DSM-IV criteria). Height and weight at midlife (mean age 43.4) were available in the Registry. Data were analyzed as follows: 1) unmatched case-control analysis for all twins using generalized estimating equation (GEE) models and 2) cotwin matched case-control approach for dementia-discordant twin pairs by conditional logistic regression taking into account lifespan vascular disorders and diabetes.
Results: Among all participants, dementia was diagnosed in 350 subjects, and 114 persons had questionable dementia. Overweight (body mass index [BMI] >25?30) and obesity (BMI >30) at midlife were present in 2,541 (29.8%) individuals. In fully adjusted GEE models, compared with normal BMI (20?25), overweight and obesity at midlife were related to dementia with odds ratios (ORs) (95% CIs) of 1.71 (1.30?2.25) and 3.88 (2.12?7.11), respectively. Conditional logistic regression analysis in 137 dementia-discordant twin pairs led to an attenuated midlife BMI-dementia association. The difference in ORs from the GEE and the matched case-control analysis was statistically significant (p = 0.019).
Conclusions: Both overweight and obesity at midlife independently increase the risk of dementia, AD, and VaD. Genetic and early-life environmental factors may contribute to the midlife high adiposity?dementia association.