扁桃体の損傷と恐怖表情の知覚

Adolphs, R., Tranel, D., Damasio, H., & Damasio, A. R. (1994). Impaired recognition of emotion in facial expressions following bilateral damage to the human amygdala. Nature, 372, 669–672.
http://emotion.caltech.edu/papers/AdolphsTranel1994Impaired.pdf

知覚された表情のMDS布置による比較が行われている。

相貌失認と物体失認：その脳機能と遺伝子的側面

Duchaine B, Germine L, Nakayama K. (2007). Family resemblance: Ten family members with prosopagnosia and within-class object agnosia. Cognitive Neuropsychology 24 (4) 419-430.

p.427
:
The results from the object memory tests demonstrate that the siblings’ prosopagnosia is also accompanied by within-class object recognition deficits.
:

[pdf] Ken Nakayama: Vision Sciences Lab@Harvard Univ.

Similarity judgement of facial expressions

Cognition. 1997 Jun;63(3):271-313.
Facial expression megamix: tests of dimensional and category accounts of emotion recognition.
Young AW, Rowland D, Calder AJ, Etcoff NL, Seth A, Perrett DI.
PMID: 9265872
PubMed
pdf

Neuropsychologia. 2007 Jan 7;45(1):152-62.
Human and computer recognition of facial expressions of emotion.
Susskind JM, Littlewort G, Bartlett MS, Movellan J, Anderson AK.
PMID: 16765997
PubMed
pdf
ここでは特徴検出が基本となっている。
Auto FACS Coding:Machine Perception Lab @UCSD

Configural features

Leder, H., Candrian, G., Huber, O., & Bruce, V. (2001). Configural features in the context of upright and inverted faces. Perception, 30, 73-83.
PubMed

Schwaninger, A., Lobmaier, J., & Collishaw, S. M. (2002). Role of featural and configural information in familiar and unfamiliar face recognition. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2525, 643-650.

Schwaninger, A., J. S. Lobmaier and M. H. Fischer: The inversion effect on gaze perception reflects processing of component information. Experimental Brain Research 167(1), 49-55 (08 2005)
Links

---
....featural and configural information is encoded explicitly.

:
in normal (upright) face processing, component and configural information is combined into a single holistic face representation.
:
An analytical similarity decision would mean that only component information is used to judge the similarity of faces.
:

Information of local features and relations between them is extracted in order to activate component and configural representations in the ventral stream.

cf. Fig.5, p.93 in
Schwaninger, A., Carbon, C.C., & Leder, H. (2003). Expert face processing: Specialization and constraints. In G. Schwarzer & H. Leder, Development of face processing (pp. 81-97), Göttingen: Hogrefe.
Links

Face Features and visual search

Schubö A, Gendolla GH, Meinecke C, Abele AE.
Detecting emotional faces and features in a visual search paradigm: are faces special?
Emotion. 2006 May;6(2):246-56.
PubMed

Calvo MG, Nummenmaa L.
Detection of emotional faces: salient physical features guide effective visual search.
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2008 Aug;137(3):471-94.
PubMed

Frischen A, Eastwood JD, Smilek D.
Visual search for faces with emotional expressions.
Psychol Bull. 2008 Sep;134(5):662-76.
PubMed

featural and configural processing

Cabeza, R., & Kato, T. (2000). Features are also important: Contributions of featural and configural processing to face recognition. Psychological Science, 11, 429-433.


http://cabezalab.org/pdf/pubs/00PsychSci_FaceFeatures.pdf

Face Features

顔を構成する部分（目、口など）の間の距離の組み合わせの処理が、inferotemporal cortex（下側頭回）でおこなわれているという神経生理学的根拠が以下に紹介されている。いわゆるFeature Configural Model の根拠となる。


References
Yamane, S., Kaji, S., & Kawano, K. (1988). What facial features activate face neurons in the inferotemporal cortex of the monkey? Experimental Brain Research, 73, 209-214.
http://www.springerlink.com/content/j485w58234665q7v/

顔、表情知覚における部分処理の神経生理学的根拠

顔の部分的特徴処理の神経生理学的根拠として、しばしば以下の文献が引用されている。
Perret, D.I., Mistlin, A.J., & Chitty, A.J. (1987). Visual neurones responsive to faces.
Trends in Neuroscience, 10, 358-364.

Perret, D.I., & Oram, M.W. (1993). Image Vis. Comput., 11, 317-333.

Perret, D.I., Rolls, E.T., & Caan, W. (1982). Visual neurones responsive to faces in the
monkey temporal cortex. Experimental Brain Research, 47, 329-342.

例）
Schwaninger, A., Lobmaier, J. S., & Collishaw, S. M. (2002). Role of Featural and Configural Information in Familiar and Unfamiliar Face Recognition. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2525, 643-650.

Synthetic faces

Wilson, H. R., Loffler, G. & Wilkinson, F. (2002) Synthetic faces, face cubes, and the geometry of face space. Vision Research, 42, 2909-2923.

cf.
http://cvr.yorku.ca/webpages/wilson.htm

http://cvr.yorku.ca/home/index.html

Component and configural information

Schwaninger, A., Lobmaier, J., Collishaw, S.M. (2002). Component and configural information in face recognition. 2nd international Workshop on Biologically Motivated Computer Vision, Tübingen, Germany, November 22-24, 2002. Lectures Notes in Computer Science, 2525, 643-650. [PDF]


http://www.psychologie.unizh.ch/vicoreg/publications/index.htm

Categorical perception of facial expressions

Cognition. 1992 Sep;44(3):227-40.
Categorical perception of facial expressions.

Etcoff NL, Magee JJ.
PMID: 1424493



Span J Psychol. 2006 May;9(1):19-31.
Facial-expression affective attributes and their configural correlates: components and categories.

Bimler DL, Paramei GV.
PMID: 16673619



Cognition. 1997 Jun;63(3):271-313.
Facial expression megamix: tests of dimensional and category accounts of emotion recognition.

Young AW, Rowland D, Calder AJ, Etcoff NL, Seth A, Perrett DI.
PMID: 9265872



Shinrigaku Kenkyu. 2001 Aug;72(3):219-26.
[The relationship between the categorical perception of facial expressions and semantic distances]

[Article in Japanese]

Shibui S, Yamada H, Sato T, Shigemasu K.
PMID: 11697276

Perception of emotional intensity

Percept Mot Skills. 2007 Apr;104(2):589-98.
The Emotion Recognition Task: a paradigm to measure the perception of facial emotional expressions at different intensities.

Montagne B, Kessels RP, De Haan EH, Perrett DI.
PMID: 17566449 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]



Behav Neurol. 2007;18(1):31-6.
Recognition of facial expressions of different emotional intensities in patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration.

Kessels RP, Gerritsen L, Montagne B, Ackl N, Diehl J, Danek A.
PMID: 17297217 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
frontotemporal lobar degeneration *
(病名) 前頭側頭葉変性症


Eur Neurol. 2006;55(3):151-4. Epub 2006 May 8.
Perception of emotional facial expressions at different intensities in early-symptomatic Huntington's disease.

Montagne B, Kessels RP, Kammers MP, Kingma E, de Haan EH, Roos RA, Middelkoop HA.
PMID: 16682799 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

facial components

[Emotion recognition: facial components associated with various emotions]
[Article in Japanese]

Gouta K, Miyamoto M.
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Gifu University.

Shinrigaku Kenkyu. 2000 Aug;71(3):211-8.
心理学研究


:
:
The results showed that the upper area of the face was more often associated with anger, fear, surprise, and sadness. On the contrary, the lower area was more often associated with disgust and happiness.
:


PMID: 11081232 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

component consistency

Facial interpretation and component consistency.

Sullivan LA, Kirkpatrick SW.
Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, USA.

Genet Soc Gen Psychol Monogr. 1996 Nov;122(4):389-404.

:
:
children focused on the mouth (lower component) for happiness, sadness, surprise, and disgust, and on the eyebrows (the upper component) for anger and fear.

PMID: 8976596 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Drawing of emotion-faces

Children's understanding of facial expression of emotion: II. Drawing of emotion-faces.

Missaghi-Lakshman M, Whissell C.
Psychology Department, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada.
Percept Mot Skills. 1991 Jun;72(3 Pt 2):1228-30.
:
:
In their drawings, children utilized a symbol system that seems to be based on a highlighting or exaggeration of features of the innately governed facial expression of emotion.

PMID: 1961671 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]