一握りの成功した難民や移民の背後には、無数の犯罪者、クズ、失敗者がいる。映画「ボヘミアン・ラプソディ」がヒットしていることに便乗して、安易な移民万歳論を唱えるのは浅はかすぎる。 https://t.co/gNpJ0IewMX
— CatNA (@CatNewsAgency) 2018年12月9日
難民や移民のなかに犯罪者がいるのはたしかだが、
Two charts demolish the notion that immigrants here illegally commit more crime
By Christopher Ingraham
Christopher Ingraham
June 19
Undocumented immigrants are considerably less likely to commit crime than native-born citizens, with immigrants legally in the United States even less likely to do so.
例えば、不法移民の犯罪率は、原住民の犯罪率より低く、合法移民は、その不法移民の犯罪率より低い、と。
Do places with higher percentages of undocumented immigrants have higher rates of crime? The answer, as the chart above shows, is a resounding no.
States with larger shares of undocumented immigrants tended to have lower crime rates than states with smaller shares in the years 1990 through 2014. "Increases in the undocumented immigrant population within states are associated with significant decreases in the prevalence of violence," authors Michael T. Light and Ty Miller found.
非正規民の人口比率が多いところほど、暴力的な犯罪率は少ない、と。
一般に外国人労働者の犯罪率は低いですが（警察沙汰になって国外追放されないよう細心の注意を払っている）、働き盛りの男性の家族不帯同は、従軍慰安婦を必要とした遠征中の兵士と似た危なさがありますね。家族の存在は犯罪を防ぐ方向にこそ働き逆はない。 https://t.co/CHs3Kb6t8r
— Spica (@Kelangdbn) 2018年12月9日
若い男性はどこでも犯罪率が高い、のでそれは難民に限った場合でない。また、難民申請者同士で、暴力事件があるのは、狭い収容所に収用されているから、とか、窃盗があるのは、就労が禁止されたり、するからではないか、とも言われている。
Why do young men commit more crimes?
Gender and age are arguably the two best predictors of crime. In 2014, males accounted for 73 percent of all arrestees in the U.S. and 80 percent of those arrested for violent crimes. Prison population statistics tells a similar story. Males accounted for 93 percent of the U.S. prisoners in 2014. Similarly, more than half of all homicides in 2014 were committed by 15-to-29-year olds, who only made up 20 percent of the population. Young males also have much higher rates of crime victimization than other demographic groups.
Given these large disparities in crime commission, victimization, and imprisonment by gender and age, it is natural to ask: Why are young men much more likely to be involved in crime? The discrepancy may be largely driven by biological differences in natural strength and the tendency to use violence between men and women and between the young and the old. At the same time, differences in economic opportunities may also play some role in explaining high crime rates among young men.
An Economic Explanation
Economist Jeffrey Grogger argues that high crime rates among young men can be partly explained by their adverse labor market opportunities. Jobs available for this demographic group tend to be low-paying ones, making it more likely for young males to be swayed by criminal opportunities that promise higher pecuniary payoffs.
若い男性の犯罪率が高い理由として、若い男性は生物的に暴力に走る傾向がある、という要因と、経済的要因もあげられている。若い男性の賃金が安いのでより報酬の高い犯罪に走るのではないか、と。
Germany: Migrants 'may have fuelled violent crime rise'
3 January 2018
The researchers said that the best chance of reducing violent crime among migrants was to offer more help with integration through language courses, sport and apprenticeships.
But it said that many male migrants fell into the 14-30 age category, the most likely to commit violent crime.
The lack of women and families among the migrants also meant that those young men were deprived of a "violence-preventing, civilising force", the study said.
Image copyrightREUTERS
Image caption
The report suggested more migrants should be reunited with their families
It also said that migrants with little hope of being giving asylum in Germany were much more likely to commit violent crime than those from war zones like Syria whose asylum was guaranteed.
"Anyone who as a war refugee regards their chances of staying in Germany as good, will endeavour not to jeopardise those prospects by criminal offences," the authors of the study said, quoted by Die Welt newspaper.
Reuters news agency quoted criminology expert and study author Christian Pfeiffer as saying: "The situation is completely different for those who find out as soon as they arrive that they are totally undesirable here. No chance of working, of staying here."
移民の犯罪を減らすには、その国の言葉を習得してもらい、スポーツや職業訓練などすること。若い男性はいずれにせよ、犯罪率は高いものだが、女性や家族がいないことも、暴力を抑制する要因の欠如として機能してしまっているのではないか、と。また、その国にいられるとわかっている難民申請者は、犯罪を犯せば、その希望が絶たれるので、犯罪を回避しようとするが、申請が受け入れられず、働き口もないとわかると犯罪を犯しやすくなってしまうものだ、と。
