Thursday, Jun. 16, 2011
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An Estimated 148,000 Hate Crimes Reported in 2009; Most Hate Crimes Motivated by Racial or Ethnic Bias
WASHINGTON, June 16, 2011 -- /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- An estimated 148,400 hate crimes were reported to the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) in 2009, a decline from 239,400 in 2003, the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) announced today.
Almost 90 percent of hate crimes were perceived to be motivated by racial or ethnic prejudice or both. In almost all hate crimes (98 percent), the offender used hate-related language against the victim.
Violent hate crime accounted for an annual average of 3.1 percent of all violent crime reported to the NCVS. The rate of violent hate crime declined from 0.8 victimizations per 1,000 persons age 12 or older in 2003 to 0.5 victimizations per 1,000 persons in 2009.
Nearly 87 percent of all hate crimes involved violence, and about 23 percent were serious violent crimes (rape/sexual assault, robbery, or aggravated assault). In comparison, 23 percent of all nonhate crimes involved violence and 8 percent of nonhate crimes were serious violent crimes. Eight hate crime homicides (murders or non-negligent manslaughters) occurred in 2009.
The 1990 Hate Crimes Statistics Act defines bias or hate crimes as "crimes that manifest evidence of prejudice based on race, religion, sexual orientation, or ethnicity." The act has been amended twice―in 1994, to include crimes motivated by bias against persons with disabilities, and in late 2009 to include crimes based on gender or gender identity. Crimes motivated by gender or gender identity bias were outside the scope of the report.
About 30 percent of hate crime victims suspected they were targeted because of their ethnicity, and 25 percent suspected they were targeted because of their associations with people having certain characteristics. About 15 percent of victims suspected the offenders were motivated by bias against their sexual orientation; 13 percent suspected bias against their perceived characteristics; 12 percent suspected religious bias; and 10 percent suspected they were targeted because of a disability.
About 45 percent of all hate crimes were reported to the police. When the crime was not reported, 32 percent of victims said that they chose to deal with the incident in another way, 19 percent stated that the crime was not important enough to report, 19 percent stated that the police could not or would not do anything to help, and 31 percent stated another reason not to report the incident.
In more than half (54 percent) of hate crimes, the offender was a stranger to the victim. The offender had a weapon in about 20 percent of hate crimes, and the victim suffered a minor or serious injury in 23 percent of hate crimes. There was no difference between hate and nonhate crimes in the percentage of victimizations that involved a weapon or an injury.
The report, Hate Crime, 2003-2009 (NCJ 234085), was written by BJS statisticians Lynn Langton and Michael Planty. Following publication, the report can be found at http://www.bjs.gov.
アメリカのヘイトクライム 人種や民族に基づくヘイトクライムが一番多い、と。ヘイトクライムというのは、
crimes that manifest evidence of prejudice based on race, religion, sexual orientation, or ethnicity
人種・宗教・性的嗜好に関する先入観の形跡が明かな犯罪とか、
crimes motivated by bias against persons with disabilities,
身障者に対する偏見によって動機づけられた犯罪、などの定義が与えられているわけですが、微妙なものもあるとは思う。
Police dispute shooting victim's hate crime claim
WARNING: Graphic language
CBC News Posted: Jun 15,
"They were yelling, 'Tranny faggot, open the door, let us in, let us in,' which leads me to believe they knew who I was. I'm in a second-floor apartment. You know, you have to have a security key to get into the building.
"Obviously it was 100 per cent hatred."
Halifax Regional Police interviewed Cochrane on Wednesday. After speaking with witnesses, investigators doubt her claim that the shooting was a hate crime, said a police spokesman.
"We believe this particular unit at least ― while not saying this particular victim ― was targeted specifically," said Const. Brian Palmeter.
"Certainly we don't believe this was a hate crime based on the information that we have so far.… There may have been other reasons at play why this might have occurred."
で、これはカナダですが、性転換者に対する犯罪で、性転換者に対する蔑称をつかいながら侵入してきて、狙撃された、と。被害者はヘイトクライムであろう、と。警察は、この部屋が狙われたが、ヘイトクライムではなかろう、と。
どっちが正しいかはわかりませんが、
強盗しようとしたら偶然、その相手が、マイノリティーだった、ということもありえる。
また、喧嘩していて、相手のマイノリティーの属するグループの蔑称を使ったら、偏見や先入観の形跡が明かな場合という推定はつくかもしれないが、どうなのかな、という思いもある。
子供同士の喧嘩などで、単なる喧嘩をしていて、その中で、「ちび、はげ、デブ、・・・・」というような言葉を発することはありえるが、しかし、喧嘩そのものが、何かの偏見に動機づけられていたかどうかはわからない。
逆に、東洋人を観光客が暴行にあったり、強盗にあったりする場合、、抵抗しないいいカモだ、というのが動機の場合、誹謗する言葉がなかったとしても、偏見を動機とする犯罪と言えるのではないか?
ロシアトゥデイ
FBI terrifies family with improper raid
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Published: 17 June, 2011
A simple “sorry” won’t do for a Pennsylvania family that is suing the FBI over a March 3 raid that they say violated their constitutional rights.
Gary Adams of Bellevue, PA filed suit on Tuesday against a dozen federal agents that stormed his house in a drug raid earlier this year. Adams’ attorney said in a statement that the feds "battered down the door to his home and, armed with assault rifles, stormed into his house … in a misguided attempt to serve an arrest warrant on a person who was not related to or who had ever resided with."
The FBI claims they were looking for Sondra Hunter, a former occupant of the riverside home just outside of Pittsburgh. Adams says that agents had an arrest warrant for Ms. Hunter, but lacked a search warrant to enter the premises.
Gary Adams says the family was never offered an apology and no one offered to pay for damages to their home. Now the family is seeking more than $50,000 in damages.
FBIが元の住人と間違えて突然がさ入れした、と。謝罪はまだなく、損害賠償を求めている、と。
同じくロシアトゥデイ
America’s forgotten homeless students
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Published: 18 June, 2011,
Tokoyo is among the growing number of homeless children in Los Angeles and around the nation. Last year, the Department of Education reported that there were nearly one million homeless students in America’s public schools.There are 13,000 homeless students in the Los Angeles area alone. That is more than a 50 percent increase in five years
Tokoyo knows he will get a good lunch at school, but having dinner or even having a place to stay at night is always uncertain.
The National Center on Homelessness tested a portion of California’s 34,000 homeless high school students and found that only nine percent were proficient at reading and only five percent were proficient in math ― a problem which will likely worsen as job losses, foreclosures and evictions push more families to the streets.
これは、ロシアトゥデイ定番で、アメリカのホームレス学生。一方で豪華なホテルに泊まる人がいれば、こうしたホームレス学生もいるのはおかしなことではないか、という問題意識。
問題意識はそれでいいかもしれないが、ロシアトゥデイの定番で、もう視点が決まっている。あたかも、英語圏の日本の記事が性的逸脱や、従順弱い日本人女性をネタにしたがるのと類比的なわけです。
S Korea troops fire at passenger plane
Troops shoot at jet flying from China with 119 people on board after mistaking it for a N Korean aircraft.
Last Modified: 18
韓国軍が民間旅客機に警告射撃、北朝鮮の戦闘機と誤認
2011年 06月 18日 14:25
Argentinian president ridicules Cameron over Falklands
Cristina Kirchner dismisses as 'arrogant, mediocre and stupid' the PM's vow that islands should remain British
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Haroon Siddique
guardian.co.uk, Friday 17 June 2011
アルゼンチンの大統領が、フォークランドに関するイギリスの首相の立場を二流、傲慢、愚か、と罵った、と。
林家ペーさんが今日の出来事を紹介するショートムービー
奥さんでもオチがわからない、ところが絶妙。
そのオチ・サゲについて、
桂枝雀の「緊張の緩和理論」
桂枝雀の「緊張の緩和理論」(3/6)
分類がうまくいっているがどうか。
彼の場合実践ができていて、リズム、表情、間を勉強したい。
落語 桂枝雀 貧乏神
うまい。