2014年3月28日-4
機構の定義と線図的図解 definition of mechanism and denotation of mechanism by diagram etc
1. 機構的説明 mechanis_m_ic explanation
物体産出や機能をもたらすもの、それを（さしあたって）機構または仕組み mechanism と呼ぼう。
線図 diagramなどで図解すると、そのシステムの本質が見て取れるように表示できる。
1. 構成要素の枚挙
その図で示される作用者または反作用者たち actors or reactors〔agents〕または諸関係だけが、或るシステムの或る機構に関与する（と推定されると主張している）。
2.
□ 文献 □
Bechtel, W. 2006. Discovering Cell Mechanisms: the Creation of Modern Cell Biology. xii+323pp. Cambridge University Press. [B20081105]
Bechtel, William. 2011/10. Mechanism and biological explanation. Philosophy of Science 78: 533?557.
Bechtel, William. 2007. Biological mechanisms: organized to maintain autonomy. F.C. Boogerd, F.J. Bruggeman, J.-H.S. Hofmeyr and H.V. Westerhoff (Eds.), "Systems Biology": 269-302. Elsevier.
［http://mechanism.ucsd.edu/research/bechtel.biologicalmechanismsorganization.pdf［受信：2014年3月28日］］
Bechtel, W. and Abrahamsen, A. 2005. Explanation: A mechanist alternative. Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 36: 421?441.
Fagan, Melinda Bonnie. 2012/12. The joint account of mechanistic explanation. Philosophy of Science 79(4): 448-472.
Fagan, Melinda Bonnie. 2013/12. The stem cell uncertainty principle. Philosophy of Science 80(5): 945-957.
Gebharter, Alexander. 2014/1. A formal framework for representing mechanisms? Philosophy of Science 81(1): 138-153.
Machamer, P., Darden, L., and Craver, C. 2000. Thinking about mechanisms. Philosophy of Science 67: 1?25.
Nicholson, Daniel. 2012. The concept of mechanism in biology. Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, 43: 152-163.
Rosenberg, A. 1978. The supervenience of biological concepts. Philosophy of Science 45: 368?386.
Rosenberg, A. 1985. The Structure of Biological Science. xi+281pp. Cambridge University Press. [B19870804, 3580円／紀伊國屋書店-新宿]
Rosenberg, A. 1994. Instrumental Biology or the Disunity of Science. x+193pp. University of Chicago Press. [B19990803, $38.00+59.75/5]
Rosenberg, A. 1997. Reductionism redux: computing the embryo”, Biology and Philosophy 12:445?470.
Rosenberg, A. 2006. Darwinian Reductionism: or, How to Stop Worrying and Love Molecular Biology. University of Chicago Press. [B20??????]
Rosenberg, A. & McShea, D.W. 2008. Philosophy of Biology: A Contemporary Introduction. xii+241pp. Routledge. [B20080424, y4023]
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy：Reductionism in Biology
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/reduction-biology/
［受信：2014年3月28日］
2013年8月21日-2 生命論資料 2013-002
http://pub.ne.jp/1trinity7/?entry_id=5014847
2012年8月11日-1 創発と還元主義
http://pub.ne.jp/1trinity7/?entry_id=4471491
2012年7月17日-14 生物学における還元主義
http://pub.ne.jp/1trinity7/?entry_id=4432764
2013年4月10日-5 タクソン学の基礎：本質主義と進化的思考
---
Akins, Kathleen A. and Hahn, Martin. 2014. More than mere colouring: the role of spectral information in human vision. Brit. J. Phil. Sci. 65: 125?171.
=== Encyclopædia Britannica
reductionism, in philosophy, a view that asserts that entities of a given kind are collections or combinations of entities of a simpler or more basic kind or that expressions denoting such entities are definable in terms of expressions denoting the more basic entities. Thus, the ideas that physical bodies are collections of atoms or that thoughts are combinations of sense impressions are forms of reductionism.
Two very general forms of reductionism have been held by philosophers in the 20th century: (1) Logical positivists have maintained that expressions referring to existing things or to states of affairs are definable in terms ... (100 of 288 words)
機構の定義と線図的図解 definition of mechanism and denotation of mechanism by diagram etc
1. 機構的説明 mechanis_m_ic explanation
物体産出や機能をもたらすもの、それを（さしあたって）機構または仕組み mechanism と呼ぼう。
線図 diagramなどで図解すると、そのシステムの本質が見て取れるように表示できる。
1. 構成要素の枚挙
その図で示される作用者または反作用者たち actors or reactors〔agents〕または諸関係だけが、或るシステムの或る機構に関与する（と推定されると主張している）。
2.
□ 文献 □
Bechtel, W. 2006. Discovering Cell Mechanisms: the Creation of Modern Cell Biology. xii+323pp. Cambridge University Press. [B20081105]
Bechtel, William. 2011/10. Mechanism and biological explanation. Philosophy of Science 78: 533?557.
Bechtel, William. 2007. Biological mechanisms: organized to maintain autonomy. F.C. Boogerd, F.J. Bruggeman, J.-H.S. Hofmeyr and H.V. Westerhoff (Eds.), "Systems Biology": 269-302. Elsevier.
［http://mechanism.ucsd.edu/research/bechtel.biologicalmechanismsorganization.pdf［受信：2014年3月28日］］
Bechtel, W. and Abrahamsen, A. 2005. Explanation: A mechanist alternative. Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 36: 421?441.
Fagan, Melinda Bonnie. 2012/12. The joint account of mechanistic explanation. Philosophy of Science 79(4): 448-472.
Fagan, Melinda Bonnie. 2013/12. The stem cell uncertainty principle. Philosophy of Science 80(5): 945-957.
Gebharter, Alexander. 2014/1. A formal framework for representing mechanisms? Philosophy of Science 81(1): 138-153.
Machamer, P., Darden, L., and Craver, C. 2000. Thinking about mechanisms. Philosophy of Science 67: 1?25.
Nicholson, Daniel. 2012. The concept of mechanism in biology. Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, 43: 152-163.
Rosenberg, A. 1978. The supervenience of biological concepts. Philosophy of Science 45: 368?386.
Rosenberg, A. 1985. The Structure of Biological Science. xi+281pp. Cambridge University Press. [B19870804, 3580円／紀伊國屋書店-新宿]
Rosenberg, A. 1994. Instrumental Biology or the Disunity of Science. x+193pp. University of Chicago Press. [B19990803, $38.00+59.75/5]
Rosenberg, A. 1997. Reductionism redux: computing the embryo”, Biology and Philosophy 12:445?470.
Rosenberg, A. 2006. Darwinian Reductionism: or, How to Stop Worrying and Love Molecular Biology. University of Chicago Press. [B20??????]
Rosenberg, A. & McShea, D.W. 2008. Philosophy of Biology: A Contemporary Introduction. xii+241pp. Routledge. [B20080424, y4023]
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy：Reductionism in Biology
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/reduction-biology/
［受信：2014年3月28日］
2013年8月21日-2 生命論資料 2013-002
http://pub.ne.jp/1trinity7/?entry_id=5014847
2012年8月11日-1 創発と還元主義
http://pub.ne.jp/1trinity7/?entry_id=4471491
2012年7月17日-14 生物学における還元主義
http://pub.ne.jp/1trinity7/?entry_id=4432764
2013年4月10日-5 タクソン学の基礎：本質主義と進化的思考
---
Akins, Kathleen A. and Hahn, Martin. 2014. More than mere colouring: the role of spectral information in human vision. Brit. J. Phil. Sci. 65: 125?171.
=== Encyclopædia Britannica
reductionism, in philosophy, a view that asserts that entities of a given kind are collections or combinations of entities of a simpler or more basic kind or that expressions denoting such entities are definable in terms of expressions denoting the more basic entities. Thus, the ideas that physical bodies are collections of atoms or that thoughts are combinations of sense impressions are forms of reductionism.
Two very general forms of reductionism have been held by philosophers in the 20th century: (1) Logical positivists have maintained that expressions referring to existing things or to states of affairs are definable in terms ... (100 of 288 words)