# 今日は多いな![](https://blogimg.goo.ne.jp/img_emoji/face_ase1.gif)
Biotechnology Japan | 心筋梗塞修復の関連たんぱく質、東工大グループが機能を解明
Periostin is essential for cardiac healing after acute myocardial infarction.
Masashi Shimazaki, Kazuto Nakamura, Isao Kii, Takeshi Kashima, Norio Amizuka, Minqi Li, Mitsuru Saito, Keiichi Fukuda, Takashi Nishiyama, Satoshi Kitajima, Yumiko Saga, Masashi Fukayama, Masataka Sata, Akira Kudo.
The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Latest Articles | doi:10.1084/jem.20071297![](https://blogimg.goo.ne.jp/img_emoji/face_hohoemi.gif)
Biotechnology Japan | MIT、理研の利根川教授ら、海馬の神経回路を遮断した「物覚えが悪い」マウスを作製
その名は「DICE―K」…利根川教授が遺伝子操作技術開発 : 科学 : YOMIURI ONLINE(読売新聞)
脳神経回路:遮断し復元…記憶や学習探る 利根川教授ら - 毎日jp(毎日新聞)
asahi.com: 利根川教授ら「ダイスケ」開発 神経回路をオン・オフ - サイエンス
神経回路を遮断し回復する技術を世界で始めて開発 | 独立行政法人 理化学研究所 研究成果
Transgenic Inhibition of Synaptic Transmission Reveals Role of CA3 Output in Hippocampal Learning.
Toshiaki Nakashiba, Jennie Z. Young, Thomas J. McHugh, Derek L. Buhl, Susumu Tonegawa.
Science, Science Express | DOI: 10.1126/science.1151120![](https://blogimg.goo.ne.jp/img_emoji/face_ase2.gif)
ゲノム:DNAを人工的に完全合成 米チームが成功 - 毎日jp(毎日新聞)
asahi.com: 細菌ゲノム、完全合成 米チーム「人工生命」に前進 - サイエンス
細菌のゲノム合成に成功:2008年中に合成生命も? | WIRED VISION
人工生命の創造近づく?細菌ゲノムの合成に成功、米研究チーム 国際ニュース : AFPBB News
Complete Chemical Synthesis, Assembly, and Cloning of a Mycoplasma genitalium Genome.
Daniel G. Gibson, Gwynedd A. Benders, Cynthia Andrews-Pfannkoch, Evgeniya A. Denisova, Holly Baden-Tillson, Jayshree Zaveri, Timothy B. Stockwell, Anushka Brownley, David W. Thomas, Mikkel A. Algire, Chuck Merryman, Lei Young, Vladimir N. Noskov, John I. Glass, J. Craig Venter, Clyde A. Hutchison III, Hamilton O. Smith.
Science, Science Express | DOI: 10.1126/science.1151721![](https://blogimg.goo.ne.jp/img_emoji/face_gaan.gif)
# ていうか、何か見覚えがあるのに何で取り上げなかったんだろう…![](https://blogimg.goo.ne.jp/img_emoji/face_setsunai.gif)
世界初、肝臓移植後に血液型変わる 国際ニュース : AFPBB News
Chimerism and Tolerance in a Recipient of a Deceased-Donor Liver Transplant.
Stephen I. Alexander, Neil Smith, Min Hu, Deborah Verran, Albert Shun, Stuart Dorney, Arabella Smith, Boyd Webster, Peter John Shaw, Ahti Lammi, Michael O. Stormon.
NEJM 358, 369-374 (2008) | doi:![](https://blogimg.goo.ne.jp/img_emoji/face_maji.gif)
中日新聞:がん防ぐ酵素を特定 DNAの傷すぐ察知:社会(CHUNICHI Web)
Chk1 Is a Histone H3 Threonine 11 Kinase that Regulates DNA Damage-Induced Transcriptional Repression.
Midori Shimada, Hiroyuki Niida, Doaa H. Zineldeen, Hideaki Tagami, Masafumi Tanaka, Hiroyuki Saito, Makoto Nakanishi.
Cell 132, 221-232 (2008) | DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2007.12.013
![](https://blogimg.goo.ne.jp/img_emoji/face_ase1.gif)
Masashi Shimazaki, Kazuto Nakamura, Isao Kii, Takeshi Kashima, Norio Amizuka, Minqi Li, Mitsuru Saito, Keiichi Fukuda, Takashi Nishiyama, Satoshi Kitajima, Yumiko Saga, Masashi Fukayama, Masataka Sata, Akira Kudo.
The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Latest Articles | doi:10.1084/jem.20071297
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a common and lethal heart disease, and the recruitment of fibroblastic cells to the infarct region is essential for the cardiac healing process. Although stiffness of the extracellular matrix in the infarct myocardium is associated with cardiac healing, the molecular mechanism of cardiac healing is not fully understood. We show that periostin, which is a matricellular protein, is important for the cardiac healing process after AMI. The expression of periostin protein was abundant in the infarct border of human and mouse hearts with AMI. We generated periostin–/– mice and found no morphologically abnormal cardiomyocyte phenotypes; however, after AMI, cardiac healing was impaired in these mice, resulting in cardiac rupture as a consequence of reduced myocardial stiffness caused by a reduced number of α smooth muscle actin–positive cells, impaired collagen fibril formation, and decreased phosphorylation of FAK. These phenotypes were rescued by gene transfer of a spliced form of periostin. Moreover, the inhibition of FAK or αv-integrin, which blocked the periostin-promoted cell migration, revealed that αv-integrin, FAK, and Akt are involved in periostin signaling. Our novel findings show the effects of periostin on recruitment of activated fibroblasts through FAK-integrin signaling and on their collagen fibril formation specific to healing after AMI.# 急性心筋梗塞後の心筋回復に必須なタンパク質が見つかったそうです
![](https://blogimg.goo.ne.jp/img_emoji/face_hohoemi.gif)
Toshiaki Nakashiba, Jennie Z. Young, Thomas J. McHugh, Derek L. Buhl, Susumu Tonegawa.
Science, Science Express | DOI: 10.1126/science.1151120
The hippocampus is an area of the brain involved in learning and memory. It contains parallel excitatory pathways referred to as the trisynaptic pathway (which carries information from the entorhinal cortex → dentate gyrus → CA3 → CA1 →entorhinal cortex) and the monosynaptic pathway (which connects entorhinal cortex → CA1 → entorhinal cortex). We developed a generally applicable tetanus toxin-based method for transgenic mice that permits inducible and reversible inhibition of synaptic transmission and applied it to the trisynaptic pathway while preserving transmission in the monosynaptic pathway. We found that synaptic output from CA3 in the trisynaptic pathway is dispensable and the short monosynaptic pathway is sufficient for incremental spatial learning. In contrast, the full trisynaptic pathway containing CA3 is required for rapid, one-trial contextual learning, for pattern completionbased memory recall and for spatial tuning of CA1 cells.# 「doxycycline-inhibited circuit exocytosis-knock down」=「DICE-K」だそうです
![](https://blogimg.goo.ne.jp/img_emoji/face_ase2.gif)
Daniel G. Gibson, Gwynedd A. Benders, Cynthia Andrews-Pfannkoch, Evgeniya A. Denisova, Holly Baden-Tillson, Jayshree Zaveri, Timothy B. Stockwell, Anushka Brownley, David W. Thomas, Mikkel A. Algire, Chuck Merryman, Lei Young, Vladimir N. Noskov, John I. Glass, J. Craig Venter, Clyde A. Hutchison III, Hamilton O. Smith.
Science, Science Express | DOI: 10.1126/science.1151721
We have synthesized a 582,970 bp Mycoplasma genitalium genome. This synthetic genome, named M. genitalium JCVI-1.0, contains all the genes of wild-type M. genitalium G37 except MG408, which was disrupted by an antibiotic marker to block pathogenicity and to allow for selection. To identify the genome as synthetic, we inserted "watermarks" at intergenic sites known to tolerate transposon insertions. Overlapping "cassettes" of 5 to 7 kb, assembled from chemically synthesized oligonucleotides, were joined by in vitro recombination to produce intermediate assemblies of approximately 24 kb, 72 kb ("1/8 genome"), and 144 kb ("1/4 genome"), which were all cloned as bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) in Escherichia coli. Most of these intermediate clones were sequenced, and clones of all four 1/4 genomes with the correct sequence were identified. The complete synthetic genome was assembled by transformation-associated recombination (TAR) cloning in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, then isolated and sequenced. A clone with the correct sequence was identified. The methods described here will be generally useful for constructing large DNA molecules from chemically synthesized pieces and also from combinations of natural and synthetic DNA segments.# 不覚にもこんな記事が昨年の10月に出ていたのを見落としていたようです
![](https://blogimg.goo.ne.jp/img_emoji/face_gaan.gif)
# ていうか、何か見覚えがあるのに何で取り上げなかったんだろう…
![](https://blogimg.goo.ne.jp/img_emoji/face_setsunai.gif)
Stephen I. Alexander, Neil Smith, Min Hu, Deborah Verran, Albert Shun, Stuart Dorney, Arabella Smith, Boyd Webster, Peter John Shaw, Ahti Lammi, Michael O. Stormon.
NEJM 358, 369-374 (2008) | doi:
Complete hematopoietic chimerism and tolerance of a liver allograft from a deceased male donor developed in a 9-year-old girl, with no evidence of graft-versus-host disease 17 months after transplantation. The tolerance was preceded by a period of severe hemolysis, reflecting partial chimerism that was refractory to standard therapies. The hemolysis resolved after the gradual withdrawal of all immunosuppressive therapy.# 何が凄いって、肝臓を移植したら、ついでに血液型から免疫系までまるっと移植されちゃって、拒否反応も出なかったという…
![](https://blogimg.goo.ne.jp/img_emoji/face_maji.gif)
Midori Shimada, Hiroyuki Niida, Doaa H. Zineldeen, Hideaki Tagami, Masafumi Tanaka, Hiroyuki Saito, Makoto Nakanishi.
Cell 132, 221-232 (2008) | DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2007.12.013
DNA damage results in activation or suppression of transcription of a large number of genes. Transcriptional activation has been well characterized in the context of sequence-specific DNA-bound activators, whereas mechanisms of transcriptional suppression are largely unexplored. We show here that DNA damage rapidly reduces histone H3 Threonine 11 (T11) phosphorylation. This correlates with repression of genes, including cyclin B1 and cdk1. H3-T11 phosphorylation occurs throughout the cell cycle and is Chk1 dependent in vivo. Following DNA damage, Chk1 undergoes rapid chromatin dissociation, concomitant with reduced H3-T11 phosphorylation. Furthermore, we find that loss of H3-T11 phosphorylation correlates with reduced binding of the histone acetyltransferase GCN5 at cyclin B1 and cdk1 promoters and reduced H3-K9 acetylation. We propose a mechanism for Chk1 as a histone kinase, responsible for DNA-damage-induced transcriptional repression by loss of histone acetylation.# Chk1がHistone H3のThreonineキナーゼで、そのリン酸化の有無がヒストンアセチル化の損失による損傷誘導転写を抑制しているそうな
![](https://blogimg.goo.ne.jp/img_emoji/face_hohoemi.gif)