今日、何する? What will I do today?

過去の記憶に生きるのではなく、未来(明日)の思いに生きるのではなく、今日という現在を生きよう!

桜満開

2016年03月31日 15時25分14秒 | 語学
家の近くの桜を見に行ってきた。
花見客が結構いたな。


桜の花の下で、宴会!




MOKA Level 8 1~100
レベル8の1~100語記憶に挑戦。単語だけ覚えるのではなく、文章で記憶するように努力しているのだが、
果たして完全に記憶でき、使える単語は何語だろうか? ということで、復習中です。
毎日学習した英単語、熟語、文章はすべてPCのエクセル若しくはワードにインプットしているので
OneDriveを利用して情報をタブレット、IPhoneで共有できるので、何処でも必要なデータを引き出せます。
便利ですね。



discretion
値段はアーティストの決定権に任されています。
Prices are left to the artist’s discretion.

constituency
その政党は常に核になる支援団体を増やそうとしている。
The political party is constantly trying to grow its core constituencies.

realistic
私たちは現実的な計画を考えねばならない。決してうまくいかないようなものではだめだ。
We have to think of a realistic plan, not one that definitely won’t work.

explicit
私はアシスタントに明白な指示を与えたので、間違いない筈です。
I gave explicit directions to my assistant, so there should be no mistakes.

seminar
私たちはセミナーに出席し、新しいソフトウェアについて多く学びました。
We attended the seminar and learned a lot about the new software.

attendance
その会議の出席数は380名だった。
The attendance at the conference was 380.

installation
金曜日に新しいコピーマシンの設置ができます。
We can do the installation of the new copy machine on Friday.

isolation
森の中に長くいるにつれ、彼女の孤独感は増した。
Her feeling of isolation grew as she stayed in the forest longer.

blast
爆弾の爆風によって10名の民間人が殺された。
Ten civilians were killed by the bomb blast.

軍隊はそのビルを粉々に爆破した。
The troops blasted the building to pieces.

amateur
これはアマチュアのグループですから、私たちの絵はあまりよくなです。
This is a group of amateurs, so our paintings aren’t very good.
receipt
今日のお買い物のレシートでございます。
Here’s the receipt for your purchase today.

influential
彼の影響力のある考えは国中に広がった。
His influential ideas spread throughout the country.

whisk(e)y
父はしばしば夜にウイスキーを飲む。
My father often drinks whisky at night.

ridiculous
友達がひとりもいないと考えるのは馬鹿げているよ。
It’s ridiculous to think that you don’t have any friends!

comparable
その二つのテレビの値段は同等だ。
The prices of the two TV sets are comparable.

chapel
We were married in the church’s chapel.
私たちは教会のチャペルで結婚した。


modification
この記事に変更を加えて、それから私に戻して下さい。
Please make some modifications to this article and then give it back to me.

dialog(ue)
その映画には素晴らしい対話の部分があった。
The movie had some wonderful dialog.

obscure
その小説は無名の作家によって書かれた。
The novel was written by an obscure writer.

彼は自分の欠席に対し、曖昧な理由を述べた。
He gave an obscure reason for his absence.

tactic
軍は戦術を変え、地上攻撃を中止した。
The army changed tactics and stopped ground attacks.

subsidy
農場主たちはトウモロコシを栽培するための補助金を受け取った。
The farmers received subsidies to grow corn.

justification
遅れたことに対する正当な理由は何だい?
What’s your justification for being late?

execute
私たちは火曜日の夜八時に計画を実行する。
We’ll execute the plan on Tuesday night at eight.

その犯罪者は恐ろしい犯罪のため処刑された。
The criminal was executed for his horrible crimes.

pity
看護婦はその死にそうな男に同情した。なぜなら、彼には家族がいなかったからだ。
The nurse had pity on the dying man because he had no family.

あなたが今年の夏、私たちとホノルルにいけないのは残念なことだ。
It’s a pity that you can’t go to Honolulu with us this summer.

disadvantage
私たちのほうが小さいから、この試合には不利な点がある。
We have a disadvantage in this game because we’re smaller.

elegant
その女性は王室のパーティに優雅なドレスを着ていった。
The woman wore an elegant dress to the royal party.

merit
新しい防犯システムの長所について話し合おう。
Let’s discuss the merits of the new security system.

circular
円形のテーブルは、このキッチンによく合うでしょう。
A circular table would fit well in this kitchen.

このチラシには、今週ファーマーズ・マーケットがあると書いてある。
This circular says there’s a farmer’s market this week.

availability
彼らに電話して、チケットを入手できる可能性について尋ねるよ。
I’ll call them and ask about the availability of the tickets.

stance
この問題に対するあなたの立場はどのようなものですか?
What’s your stance on this issue?

successive
ニューヨーク・メッツは3連勝している。
The New York Mets has had three successive wins.

entity
事業のこの部分は、基本的には独立しした事業体です。
This part of the business is basically a separate entity.


refusal
ティムは、彼とデートすることをリサが拒否したことに動揺していた。
Tim was upset with Lisa’s refusal to go out with him.

specification
男たちは所有者の仕様書に従って家を建てた。
The men built the house according to the owner’s specifications.

allege
その男は、エレンが税金のことで嘘をついたと主張した。
The man alleged that Ellen lied about her taxes.

consensus
合意はマイクの家で食事をすることだった。
The consensus was to eat at Mike’s house.

marvelous
彼女はその素晴らしい音楽に感心した。
She was impressed by the marvelous music.

治世  reign
彼女の治世のあいだ、女帝キャサリンはロシアをよりよくした。
During her reign, Catherine the Great improved Russia.

援助  backing
両親の援助を受け、リタは自分の店を開店した。
With the backing of her parents, Rita opened her own store.

より少ない(小さい) lesser
そのゲームで、男性が500ドル獲得し、女性がより少ない額を獲得した。
In the game, a man won 500 dollars, and a woman won a lesser amount.

代表者 delegate
ハロルドはその国連の会議への代表者に選ばれた。
Harold was chosen as a delegate to the UN conference.

継続時間 duration
ヨガのトレーニングの継続時間は45分間です。
The duration of the yoga training is 45 minutes.

居住(すること)residence
ジェフは日本での永住権を申請しました。
Jeff applied for permanent residence in Japan.

普通のこと norm
仕事を持っている母親は普通のことになった
Working moms have become the norm.
その国では働く女性が標準だ。
Working women are the norm in that nation.
(社会の)標準的な状態。
(複数形で)(行動様式の)規範
文明社会の規範
The norms of civilized society
一般(的)水準、 平均(水準)、標準
標準以上(以下)で(の)
Above (below) the norm

能力 capability
このロボットには料理と掃除をする能力がある。
This robot has the capability of cooking and cleaning.

固執する persist
上司はだめだと言ったが、メグは当初の計画に固執した。
The boss said no, but Meg persisted in her original plan.

公式に  officially
私たちは公式に夫と妻です。
We’re officially husband and wife!

~を割り当てる assign
先生は週末の為にたくさんの宿題を割り当てた。
The teacher assigned a lot of work for the weekend.

分析者 analyst
ジョーダンは金融会社の分析者だ。
Jordan is an analyst for a financial company.

~を装備する equip
このオフィスビルには防犯カメラが装備されている。
This office building is equipped with security cameras.

論文 thesis
卒業するためには論文を書き上げるしかない。
I just have to finish my thesis to graduate.

それによって~する whereby
私たちはそれによって見捨てられたペットが新しい飼い主を見つけられる団体を始めた。
We started an organization whereby abandoned pets could find new owners.

いちじく fig
その家族はデザートを創るために、自分たちの木から採れるイチジクを使った。
The family used figs from their own tree to make desserts.

~を運営する administer
そのテストの会社は年に3回テストを運営した。
The testing company administered its test three times a year.

ability to administer affairs
事務処理能力
administer a country
国を統治する.
administer a law
法を執行する.
administer justice to a person
人を裁判する.
administer medicine to a person
人に薬を投与する.
administer an anesthetic
麻酔剤を投与する
administer an oath to a person
人に宣誓させる.
to administer affairs
行事をとり行う
a spoon used to administer medicine
薬をもるためのさじ
I'm going to administer the IV drip now.
私は今から点滴をします。
a person whose job is to administer alcohol in a bar
バーテンという職業の人
The courts administer the law.
裁判所が法律を執行する。
He had no choice but to administer that company.
彼はその会社を経営せざるをえなかった。
I am going to go to Osaka in order to administer the conference.
私はその会議の運営をするために大阪に行きます。
I'm going to administer the IV drip now.
私は今から点滴注射をします。

~を調整する coordinate
一緒にセミナーにいけるように、私たちのスケジュールを調整しよう。
Let’s coordinate our schedules so that we can go to the seminar together.

a coordinate clause
等位節.
to coordinate colours
配色する
a coordinate conjunction
等位接続詞 《and, but, or, for など; ⇔subordinate conjunction》.
a subordinate conjunction
従位接続詞 《as, if, that など; ⇔coordinate conjunction》.
in mathematics, a numerical value called a coordinate
座標という数値
a coordinate axis of the horizontal direction
横方向の座標軸
the intersection of coordinate axes
座標軸の交点
It is not necessary to coordinate a schedule.
予定を調整する必要はない。

湿った damp
湿った布を持ってきて、このテーブルを拭いて頂戴。
Please get a damp cloth and wipe this table.

to become damp
湿気る
a damp area
湿地
in a damp manner
じとじと
damp air
しめっぽい空気.
a damp day
じめじめした日.
suitable for damp locations
湿地帯に適している
Today is hot and damp.
今日は暑くて、湿っぽい。
Damp rots wood.
湿気は木を腐敗させる.
to become damp
(物が)しめりけを含む
condition of being damp
しめりけが強いさま
being damp
しめりけが強いこと
to become damp
しめりけが強くなる
to wipe something with a damp cloth
水やよごれをふき取る
The sheets feel damp.
このシーツは湿っぽい。
This product can be wiped with a damp cloth too.
本商品は、水拭きも可能です。
Today's weather is hot and damp.
今日は暑くて、湿っぽい天気です。
The bedding smelled fusty and damp.
寝具はかび臭く湿っていた。
Damp matches won't strike.
しめったマッチはなかなか火がつかない.
It's damp underfoot.
足の下[地面]はじめじめしている.
Damp wood doesn't burn easily.
しめった木はなかなか火が点かない.
The ceiling was patched with damp.
天井は雨漏りの染みができていた.
hygrophilous (animal that lives in damp ground)
湿地で生きている動物
to become damp
水気を帯びて湿った状態になる。
to be damp
湿気が強くてじたじたする
of a thing, to be damp
湿気を帯びてじめじめする
of land, low and damp
土地が低く湿っていること
I opened the windows to remove the damp from the room.
部屋の除湿のため窓を開けた。
The defeat didn't damp his spirits.
敗れても彼の意気はくじけなかった。
The washing is still damp wet.
洗濯物はまだ湿っている。
It is damp and cold today, isn't it?
今日は、じめじめして寒いですね。
Clean the window with a damp cloth.
ぬれたぞうきんで窓をふきなさい。
This damp match won't light.
このマッチは湿っていて火がつかない。
This morning the weather was damp and humid.
今朝は湿気があり、じとっとするお天気です。

ひどく severely
ジョプリンの町は竜巻のよって、ひどく損害を受けた。
The town of Jophlin was severely damaged by the tornado.

作品集、有価証券一覧表 portfolio
面接にあなたの作品集を持ってきてください。
Please bring your portfolio to the interview.

そのアナリストは私たちの有価証券一覧表を評価した。
The analyst assessed our portfolio.

妊娠(期間) pregnancy
妊娠の初期の数か月は、マーシーは具合が悪かった。
Marcy was sick during the first few months of her pregnancy.

診断 diagnosis
その医師は、そのまれな病気の正しい診断をした。
The doctor made a correct diagnosis of the rare disease.

~を(しぶしぶ)認める  concede
エリンはボブの演技がよかったことを認めたが、それでも彼女の演技の方がよかったと思っていた。
Erin conceded that Bob’s performance was good, but she still thought hers was better.

~を展示する。 展示会、展示品 exhibit
その芸術家はメインストリートのギャラリーで彼の作品を展示した。
The artist exhibited his work at the gallery on Main Street.

私たちは現代美術の展示会を見に行った。
We went to see the exhibit of modern art.

集中的な intensive
3か月間の集中コースは、毎日午前8時から午後6時まで続いた。
The three-month intensive course went from 8 a.m. to 6p.m. daily.

an intensive investigation
徹底的な調査.
labor‐intensive
労働集約的な.
intensive agriculture [farming]
集約農業.
extremely intensive
極度に集約的
I hate intensive studying.
私も猛勉強は嫌いです。
I did intensive exercising.
私は激しい運動をした。
a neurosurgical intensive care unit
神経外科集中治療室 -
energy‐intensive industries
エネルギー集約型産業
an intensive training
特別にきたえる激しい訓練
a camp for intensive training
強化練習をするための合宿
a care unit named an intensive care unit
集中治療室という,治療室
I will present the achievements of that intensive training.
私はその特訓の成果をご披露します。
I am going to take an intensive course on English.
私は英語を特訓しておきます。
A short intensive course is available for managerial staff this summer.
今夏、管理職向けの短期集中講座を開催します。
An intensive study is required on the matter.
その問題についての詳細な研究が必要だ。
An accurate analysis will involve intensive tests.
正確な分析には徹底的な検査が必要だろう.
The school offers a short‐term intensive course along with [besides] its regular course.
本科に加えて短期速成科が併置してある.
perform processor intensive tasks
プロセッサー負荷の大きな処理を実行する
a method of agriculture, called intensive agriculture
集約農業という農業経営方法
a camping place for intensive training
強化練習をするための合宿場所
I was participating in an English intensive course during summer vacation.
私は夏休みに英語の集中講義に出ていた。
to create an information-intensive society
(社会を)情報の極度に発達した体制にする
Extensive reading is as important as intensive reading.
多読は精読と同様重要である。
The intensive course did marvels for my French.
集中講習で私のフランス語は驚くほど上達した。

材料(道具)一式  kit
私はどんな材料が必要かわからなかったので、ただ材料一式を買った。
I didn’t know what materials I needed, so I just bought a kit.

自治、自治権 autonomy
その民族グループは自治権を求めている。
The ethnic group seeks autonomy.

わかりやすい straightforward
私はハリソンさんのために働くのが好きだ。彼の指示は分かりやすいから。
I like working for Mr. Harrison because his directions are straightforward.

a characteristic of being straightforward
まっすぐなこと
to make a straightforward dash
わき目もふらずつき進む
to give a straightforward and accurate description of something
事実をありのままに述べる
the condition of being frank and straightforward
正直で,率直なさま
He is a very nice and straightforward person.
彼はとても優しくて真っ直ぐな人です。
He has a very open and straightforward character, so he's liked by everybody.
彼は竹を割ったような気性なので誰からも好かれる.
He gave us a straightforward account of what had happened.
彼は出来事をありのままに話した.
of a person, the condition of being straightforward and trustworthy
(物事のやり方が)地味で堅実であるさま - EDR日英対訳辞書
to speak in a straightforward manner uninhibitedly
はばからず自分の信ずる所を言う
the quality of character being pure and straightforward
性格が純粋でひとすじであること
the degree to which character is pure and straightforward
性格が純粋でひとすじである程度
the state of having unaffected, straightforward feelings
偽りや飾りけのない,ありのままの感情を表すこと
the degree to which one has unaffected, straightforward feelings
偽りや飾りけがなく,ありのままの感情を表す程度
Doi was very popular for her straightforward character.
土井さんは率直な性格でとても人気があった

球体  sphere
地球は球体だから、文字通り世界を一周できる。
Since the earth is a sphere, you can literally go around the world.

デビュー、デビューする debut
今夜、ケリーがテレビ・デビューをするよ!
Kelly is making her TV debut tonight!

そのバンドは、5年前の今日、デビューした。
The band debuted five years ago today.

しがみつ cling (clung, clung)
その子は怖くなったとき、母親にしがみついた。
When the child got scared, he clung to her mother.

~を教える instruct
では、この機械の使い方をあなたに教えますから、注意して見てください。
Now, I’ll instruct you on how to use this machine, so watch carefully.

~を楽しませる entertain
その歌手は、1時間に渡ってたくさんのディナー客を楽しませた。
The singer entertained the dinner.

同時に simultaneously
それぞれテスト会場の学生たちは、同時にテストを受けた。
The students at each test site took the test simultaneously.

an act of weeping and laughing simultaneously
泣くことと笑うこと
to make things happen simultaneously
(ある物事を)付随して生じさせる
to interpret simultaneously
話をする人とほぼ同時に通訳する
simultaneously being unsettled and appearing shy
きまりが悪く恥ずかしそうなさま
to read a books simultaneously
あれこれと本などを読み散らす
of persons, the action of starting something simultaneously
いっせいに物事をしはじめること
worldwide inflation that happens simultaneously
世界的に同時に起こるインフレ
to do two things simultaneously
2つの物事を同時に行う
of two people, to draw swords simultaneously
相手に合わせて刀を抜く
the act of doing two different things simultaneously
二つの物事を同時に行うこと
They stood up simultaneously.
彼らは一斉に立ち上がった。
They turned to me simultaneously.
彼らが一斉に私の方を向いた
Our refrigerator and the washing machine simultaneously broke.
我が家の冷蔵庫と洗濯機が同時に壊れてしまいました。
We have to operate these simultaneously.
私たちはこれらの操作を同時に行わなければならない。
Please press the both buttons simultaneously.
両方のボタンを同時に押してください
T.V. covers important events simultaneously as they develop.
テレビは重大事件をリアルタイムで報道してくれる
the condition of being simultaneously grateful and joyful
(相手の好意に対して)申し訳なく思いながらも喜ぶこと
of two or more matters, to occur simultaneously
(二つ以上の事柄が)同時に起こって重なる
a loud voice cried out by many people simultaneously
多人数が一度にどっと揚げる大声
to record sound simultaneously while filming
映画やテレビの撮影で同時録音する
of two or more things, to happen simultaneously
(二つ以上の出来事が)同時に起こる
a broadcast made from two places simultaneously
二つの場所を同時に使って行う放送
different pitched sounds that are made simultaneously
同時に出される二つ以上の異なった高さの音
of a large number of people, to simultaneously draw their swords from their sheaths
(大勢が)いっせいに刀を抜く
to possess more than one thing simultaneously
(複数の物事を)あわせて所有する
the act of starting revolutions simultaneously all over the world
世界で同時に革命を起こすこと

デジタルの digital
デジタル時計のため、最近は人々は素早く時間を読み取ることが出来る。
People can read the time quickly these days due to digital clocks.

部分的な  partial
彼は私に事故の部分的な説明しかしていない。
He only gave me a partial explanation for the accident.

資本主義者、 資本主義者の capitalist
旧共産主義国には、現在多くの資本主義者がいる。
There are now many capitalists in former communist countries.

資本主義国家には、多くの中小企業の経営者がいる。
In capitalist countries, there are many small-business owners.

譲歩 concession
私たちは顧客に幾つか譲歩をしなければならなかった。
We had to make several concessions to our client.

無作為の  random
眼科医は彼女に、スクリーン上の無作為の文字を読むように頼んだ。
The eye doctor asked her to read the random letters on the screen.

~を挿入する insert
お金を下に挿入してください。
Please insert your money below.

建築業者  builder
その建築業者は3か月間毎日、その家の作業をした。
The builders worked on the house every day for three months.

やる気 motivation
やる気がなかったから、その男は仕事を終えることが出来なかった。
The man could not finish his work because he lacked motivation.

過度の  excessive
彼はパーティで過度の量のお酒を飲んだ。
He drank an excessive amount of alcohol at the party.

厳しい harsh
それは私の仕事に厳しい批判だった。
That was a harsh criticism of my work!

みなされている alleged
警察は殺人者と見なされている者をすぐに逮捕した。
The police quickly arrested the alleged killer.

スキャンダル scandal
そのスキャンダルが明るみに出たあと、その政治家は辞任した。
After the scandal got out, the politician resigned.

厳しさ  intensity
その薬で、痛みの激しさはすぐに軽減した。
With the medicine, the pain quickly decreased in intensity.

~にも関わらず  in spite of
強風にも関わらず、私たちは無事かつ時間通りに到着した。
In spite of the strong winds, we arrived safely and on time.

激しい fierce
この業界には激しい競争がある。
There is fierce competition in this industry.

~を更新する update
顧客名簿を更新してください。
Please update the list of our customers.

支出  spending
国民は常に政府が主出を削減することを要求している。
The citizens constantly demand that the government cut spending.

~を割り当てる  allocate
政府はその研究プロジェクトに200万ドルを割り当てた。
The government allocated two million dollars for the research project.

~を鞭打つ。 むち whip
その男は訓練するためにライオンを鞭打った。
The man whipped the lion to train it.

鞭を手に、その男は馬に乗った。
With the whip in his hand, the man rode his horse.

婚約  engagement
リサの両親は、彼女のトムとの婚約を祝うためにパーティを開いた。
Lisa’s parents threw a party to celebrate her engagement to Tom.

進歩的な progressive
そのトーク番組の司会者は、政治について進歩的な考えを持っている。
The talk-show host has progressive ideas about politics.

関連している  related
関連している話題ですが、その城はいつ建てられるのですか?
On a related subject, when was the castle built?

介入する  intervene
その二人が喧嘩したとき、私は問題を解決するのを手助けするために介入した。
When the two fought, I intervened to help solve the problem.

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とにかく、新しい毎日なんだ。 Every day is a new day.

2016年03月31日 11時07分34秒 | 語学
244日/366日 244日目 残り日数 122日
目標設定期日まで残り122日となってしまいました。


今日の名言・格言・諺(a saying ; a famous saying ; a well-known saying ; a proverb)
[Every day is a new day]
Ernest Hemingway
とにかく、新しい毎日なんだ。


早いけど、ランチは?
厚切りベーコンとしめじのカルボナーラ風を作ってみました。Al denteです。勿論!
PastaはDececco Liguine No7  Black pepper をたっぷりと!




Free online English grammar testをやってみました。 正解率85%。ただし、偶然に正解が数問あった。つまり、文法的に100%理解していないということです。文法的裏付けが出来なければ理解していないといえる。
Check your level of English grammar
The following test contains 50 multiple choice questions related to various fields of English grammar: tenses; modals; conditionals and unreal tenses; indirect speech; passive voice and causative structures; infinitives, gerunds and participles; relative clauses; inversion; articles; countable and uncountable nouns.
For each question, choose the best answer from the three choices listed, then click Next. If you do not know the answer to a question and you do not want to guess, click Leave blank. Once you have answered a question or left it blank, you cannot return to it to review or change your answer. The questions get harder as you progress. When you complete the test, you will see the number and percentage of correct answers that you gave, as well as which level the result corresponds to.
Please note that this test is only meant to give you an indication of your English grammar level and is not an accurate placement test.
http://www.grammaring.com/tests/english-grammar-test



Mary is … teacher. 
( -, a, an)

2
… go for a walk?
(Would you like to, Would you like, Do you like)
3
I … in the morning.
(drink a cup of tea usually, drink usually a cup of tea, usually drink a cup of tea)

4
My sister ... in Canada. (live, lives, living)

5
Where …
(does Peter work? Peter does work? works Peter?

6
I don't have ... problems.
(some, any, much)

7
I like ... early in summer.
(get up, getting up, to getting up)

8
Tom can … the piano.
(play, to play, plays)

9
Come on, I ... you with those bags.
( ‘m going to help, ‘ll help, ‘m helping)

10
I ... for you all day yesterday.
(looking, was looking, have been looking)

11
Let's take an umbrella. …
(It rained. It rains. It’s raining)

12
Sorry, I can't meet you tonight. I ... out with some friends.
(am going, go, will go)

13
When I ... home, I ... to bed straight away.
(was getting/went, got/went, got/had gone)


14
Last week, I stayed with my sister ... a few days.
(during, since, for)

15
I ... on the computer all day. My eyes are sore.
(been working, was working, have been working)

16
If I ... in New York at that time, I ... to the show.
(were living/would go, had been living/would have gone, lived/would have gone)

17
Tim should spend ... time on the computer.
(less, fewer, a few)

18
He wanted to know ...
(who I was waiting for, who was I waiting for, for who I was waiting.)

19
The question was ... to answer.
(enough difficult, too difficult, difficulty)

20
There is something you want to say, ...
(isn’t there? isn’t it? doesn’t it?)


21
I really ... give up smoking.
(need, must, ought)

22
When I met Philip in 1980, he said he ... to Brunei.
(had never been, has never been, never been)

23
The wind was blowing through the ... living room window.
(breaking, broken, broke)

24
I regret to inform you that your application ...
(has been rejected, has rejected, rejected)

25
What's the last film ... you saw?
(what, who, that)

26
Have you ever ... China?
(been in, been to, gone to)

27
Who ... to?
(belongs this bag, this bag belongs, does this bag belong)

28
... a lot of cheese.
(French eat, The French eat, The French eats)

29
I wish ... nearer. Then we could meet more often.
(living, I would live, I lived)

30
I'll never forget ... her for the first time.
(to have met, to meet, meeting)

31
The guide ... visiting the Royal Palace.
(suggested, agreed, promised)

32
J. K. Rowling is rumoured ... a new book.
(that she is writing, to be writing, writing)

33
Smokers are more likely ... lung cancer compared to non-smokers.
(to develop, that they develop, developing)

34
Here ...
(the postman comes, comes she, comes the bus)

35
It ... have been Carla you saw this morning. She is away on holiday.
(mustn’t, can’t, needn’t)

36
... as compensation.
($500 was paid the customer, The customer was paid for $500, The customer was paid $500)

37
The student apologised... the professor ... being late.
(to/for, to/of, for/of)

38
We haven't heard from him for ten years. He ...
(had to die, should have died, might have died)

39
... this morning.
(My hair had cut, I had cut my hair, I had my hair cut)

40
By next week, they ... painting the rooms.
(have finished, will finish, will have finished)

41
It's high time I ... a new pair of jeans.
(buy, bought, had bought)

42
I took the phone back to the shop, but they ... me a replacement.
(wouldn’t give, shouldn’t give, can’t have given)

43
Mike insisted ... his new muffin recipe.
(trying, on that I try, that I should try)

44
Mr Jones ... at the meeting, but he had to cancel because of his illness.
(was speaking, was to speak, was to have spoken)

45
Knowing a little Russian, I had no difficulty ... myself understood.
(to make, making, about making)

46
If you ... smarter, you ... money in the first place.
(were/wouldn’t have borrowed, were/didn’t borrow, are/wouldn’t borrow)

47
Not only ... the speed limit, but he had also consumed alcohol.
(he exceeded, did he exceed, he did exceed)

48
It's been snowing for days. If only it …
(would stop, will stop, stops)
49
You ... that again.
(not do, are not do, are not to do)
50
Where would you rather ...
(I’ll sleep? I’d sleep? I slept?)

https://www.british-study.com/quizzes/grammar-test.php
こちらは意外と簡単な3択問題でした。
1. I come from England.
2. There aren't many people here.
3. Tim isn't going to work tomorrow.
4. I'd like some information, please.
5. Did you walk to school yesterday?
6. I went to the shop to buy some chocolate.
7. 'I don't like coffee.' ' Neither do I.'
8. 'Have you visited London?' ' Not yet .'
9. Is Jo as tall as Chris?
10. You should do your homework.
11. 'Where's the nearest post office, please?'
12. Would you mind closing the window?
13. He's interested in learning Spanish.
14. How long have you been learning English?
15. His office is on the second floor of the building.
16. The doctor gave me a prescription for some medicine yesterday.
17. Can you tell me when the train leaves ?
18. I expect a reply to my letter in the next few days.
19. When Simon comes back tonight, he'll cook dinner.
20. We arrived in England two days ago.
21. 'Why are you so hungry?' 'Oh, I didn't have breakfast this morning.'
22. You had better see a doctor.
23. You should take up swimming.
24. 'Did you speak to Juliet?' 'No, I've hardly seen her.
25. He told me that he had been working in Spain the previous year.
26. She looks as if she's going to be sick.
27. The best way to learn a language is by speaking a little every day.
28. She told me to go to school.
29. I want to be a teacher when I grow up .
30. I'm fed up with doing this exercise.
31. It is ages since I saw my brother.
32. She has been accused of murdering her husband.
33. You aren't allowed to use your mobile so there's no point in leaving it on .
34. You needn't have done the cleaning. I would have done it tonight.
35. They have put speed bumps on the road to prevent accidents.
36. We would never have had the accident if you hadn't been driving so fast.
37. The tree was struck by lightning.
38. If only I were richer.
39. Despite being the better team, we lost the match.
40. By this time next year, I will have taken all my exams.
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理解していないものは、所有しているとは言えない。 What is not fully understood is not possessed.

2016年03月30日 06時46分05秒 | 語学
243日/366日 243日目 残り日数 123日
目標設定期日まで残り123日となってしまいました。

今日の名言・格言・諺(a saying ; a famous saying ; a well-known saying ; a proverb)
[What is not fully understood is not possessed]
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
理解していないものは、所有しているとは言えない。


2か月程前のBusuu.comの英作文ですが、ミスが結構ありました。
昨日再度Nativeによる訂正箇所を復習しました。本日の格言のように、理解していないものは所有しているとは言えませんし、使えるようにはなりませんね。会話や文章で使えなければ何の意味もないので、理解し、使えるようになるためには、完全に自分のものにする必要があります。
その為には、何度も何度も復習することが不可欠ですね。
I read a mystery novel recently. The title of this novel is “Un Avion Sans Elle” means “A plane without her” by Michel BUSSI. I was a little surprised when I first found this novel on the internet, the title of this book attracted my attention because I thought the title was “Un avion sans aile” means “A plane without wing”. If you listen to the French pronunciation of “sans elle” and “sans aile”, you shouldn’t distinguish between two words, because they are exactly same pronunciation.
The story is very original and I shall have difficulty in forgetting.
In December 23rd, 1980. What is the identity of the only survivor of a crash of plane, a three months old baby?

下記NATIVEによる訂正
I read a mystery novel recently. The title of this novel is “Un Avion Sans Elle” means “A Plane Without Her” by Michel Bussi. I was a little surprised when I first found this novel on the internet, the title of this book attracted my attention because I thought the title was “Un Avion Sans Aile,” which means “A Plane Without Wing”. If you listen to the French pronunciation of “sans elle” and “sans aile”, you would find it difficult to distinguish between the two words, because they are exactly same pronunciation.
The story is very original and I shall have difficulty in forgetting it.
In December 23rd, 1980. What is the identity of the only survivor of a crash of a plane, a three months old baby?
数名のNativeによる訂正を頂きました。間違い個所はその都度訂正し記憶するようにしています。

下記もBusuu.comの作文
この作文の中にあるように、Parisに探偵小説を買いに行ってきました。





Un avion sans elleとNe lâche pas ma main, La 7ème femme, 10ème anniversaire等もついてに購入しました。

Do you have any plans this weekend ? Have you decided where you go to next weekend? Are you going anywhere this weekend? What are you going to do next weekend?
Did you come up with any kind of good ideas?
Yeah, I have a stupide/foolish idea. I don’ know you believe it, but I already decided and booked the flight. I am going to Paris next weekend for 3 days to buy some detective novels. Since I feel a strong desire to read some French detective novels and to eat a Brittany blue lobster, Homard bleu de Bretage in French. I just found a very interesting novel on the internet. The title is “Un avion sans elle” by Michel Bussi. I am going to take Af293 leaving Haneda Airport on the 13th Februry. I’ll arrive at Roissy-Charles-de Gaulle at 5:30 am and I’ll retrun to Japan on the 16th Februry in the evening. I am going to stay at a hotel in Latin Quarter, Le Quartier Latin, in Paris. I like this place because we can find so many kinds of restaurant and my favorite bookstore is located just near the River Seine, along the street Saint-Michel. I am going to a restaurant called “Au Pied de Cochon” in French. I always have dinner at this restaurant at least once when I visit Paris. During my stay in Paris, I only do three things: eat, drink wine and read.
I can’t wait to have a delicious French meal for lunch and dinner. Of course, I don’t forget to read the books.
Goodbye for now. See you next time.
Nativeによる訂正。
Very good. I'm putting a few corrections below in bold.
Do you have any plans this weekend ? Have you decided where you want to go/are going next weekend? Are you going anywhere this weekend? What are you going to do next weekend?
Did you come up with any kind of good ideas?
Yeah, I have a stupide/foolish idea. I don’ know you believe it, You won't believe it, but I already decided and booked the flight. I am going to Paris next weekend for 3 days to buy some detective novels. Since I feel a strong desire to read some French detective novels and to eat a Brittany blue lobster, Homard bleu de Bretage in French. I just found a very interesting novel on the internet. The title is “Un avion sans elle” by Michel Bussi. I am going to take Af293 leaving Haneda Airport on the 13th February. I’ll arrive at Roissy-Charles-de Gaulle at 5:30 am and I’ll return to Japan on the 16th Februry in the evening. I am going to stay at a hotel in Latin Quarter, Le Quartier Latin, in Paris. I like this place because we can find so many kinds of restaurants and my favorite bookstore is located just near the River Seine, along the street Saint-Michel. I am going to a restaurant called “Au Pied de Cochon” in French. I always have dinner at this restaurant at least once when I visit Paris. During my stay in Paris, I only do three things : eat, drink wine and read. I can’t wait to have a delicious French meal for lunch and dinner. Of course, I don’t forget to read the books. Goodbye for now. See you next time.
Nativeによる訂正
Yeah, I have a stupide/foolish idea. [Correction: stupid] I don’t know if you believe it, but I've already decided and booked the flight.
I am going to take Af293 leaving Haneda Airport on the 13th of February. [Correction: February*]
I’ll arrive at Roissy-Charles-de Gaulle at 5:30 am [Correction: 5:30am] and I’ll retrun [Correction: return] to Japan on the 16th Februry[*] in the evening. I like this place because we can find so many kinds of restaurants and my favorite bookstore is located just near the River Seine, along the street Saint-Michel.
I always have dinner at this restaurant at least once when I visit Paris. During my stay in Paris, I only do three things : [Correction: The colon (:) is always written directly after the preceeding word] eat, drink wine and read.
I can’t wait to have a delicious French meal for lunch and dinner. Of course, I don’t forget to read the books. Goodby for now. See you next time.
I taken out the parts of your text that were perfect. Your sentances are very well written and your grammar isn't so bad either. I hope your trip to France is wonderful!

If you come up with a good ideas, let me know. 何かいいアイデアが浮かんだら教えてください。
Humm I can't come up with a good idea.   う~ん。いいアイデアが思いつかない。
Did you come up with any kind of good idea?  何か良い考えが浮かびましたか?
When did you come up with such an idea?    いつそんな考えを思いついたの?

玉子の黄身って英語でなんて言うんだろう?ということで、調べてみました。ついでに、料理に関するいくつかの単語・表現をついでに学びました。

A yolk : the yolk of an egg 黄身 The white of an egg 白身 Scrambled eggs スクランブルエッグ a hard-boiled egg ゆで卵 a soft-boiled egg 半熟卵 a raw egg 生卵 How do you want your eggs done?卵はどんなふうに料理しましょうか?break an egg 卵を割る  beat an egg 卵をかき混ぜる an omelet/an omelette オムレツ a loss leader  目玉商品 a special-feature program 目玉番組  an egg fried sunny-side up (片面)目玉焼き a fried egg, 両面焼いた目玉焼き an egg fried easy-over(両面焼いた)目玉焼き
A fried egg, a sunny-side up 目玉焼き A grilled (boiled) fish 焼き魚 a chicken and egg bowl 親子丼 a beef bowl 牛丼 a seafood dish魚介類料理 An appetizer前菜、 an hors d’oeuvre 前菜、Chow mein, 焼きそばfried noodles 焼きそばA pan 浅い鍋 a pressure cooker 圧力鍋, a stoveガスレンジ, a casserole キャッせろーる, cooking utensils調理道具, a microwave(oven) 電子レンジ, an oven オーブン, a potholder 鍋つかみ, a pot 深鍋, a frying panフライパン, a steamer蒸し器, potato starch片栗粉, pepperこしょう, flour 小麦粉, soup stock (base) brothだし , seasoning調味料, bread crumbs パン粉, sweet sake for seasoningみりん, dress あえる, skim (the broth) あくをとる, deep-fry揚げる, season味付けをする, grease油を塗る, Whip泡立てる, fry 炒めるsaute 炒める, one portion 一人前one serving一人前, parch炒る, slice薄切りにする, poachうでる, scale鱗をとる, a second (another) helpingおかわり, crush,押しつぶす grate おろす, shred細長くおろす, defrost解凍する, stirかき回す, toss軽く混ぜる, pare皮をむく, peel皮をむく, a feastごちそう, cube さいの目に切る(大き目), diceさいの目に切る(小いさ目), shaveささがきにする, fillet三枚におろす, garnish添える, devein背ワタを取る, cut into juliennes千切りにする, basteたれをつける , dip (in) ちょっとつける, marinate漬ける, mashつぶす, simmer煮る(弱火で煮込む), braise煮る(油いためのあと水で煮込む), stew柔らかくなるまで煮込む, boil 煮る、煮詰める, grind挽く, chill冷やす, heat 火を通す, sprinkle振りかける, sliver細長く切る, mix混ぜ合わせる, blend混ぜ合わせる, coatまぶす, chopみじんきりにする, minceみじん切りにする, soak ~in water水にさらす, drain水を切る, steam蒸す, bake焼く(オーブンで焼く), broil焼く(直火で焼く、網焼きにする), grill 焼く(焼き網で焼く), roastオーブンで焼く), pan-broil フライパンでふたをせず焼く), brown きつね色に焼く, toast トーストする, blanch湯がく, warm ~ in hot water 湯銭にする, boil ゆでる cooking 料理,  cuisine料理a recipe 料理法,
Crush the garlic and chop the onion into fine pieces. にんにくは叩き潰して、玉ねぎはみじん切りにする。
Peel the carrots and cut them julienne-style にんじんは皮をむいて千切りにする
Saute until brownきつね色になるまで炒める
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椅子到着! Count and Noncount Nouns について

2016年03月29日 09時50分30秒 | 雑談
242日/366日 242日目 残り日数 124日
目標設定期日まで残り124日となってしまいました。


今日の名言・格言・諺(a saying ; a famous saying ; a well-known saying ; a proverb)
[I never about action, but only inaction]
Winston Churchill
行動する事は少しも恐れはしない。恐れるのは、ただ無為に時を過ごす事だけだ。



先日椅子が壊れたので、新しく買い替えました。
スポーツカーのコックピットがモチーフらしい。
座り心地は? 
なかなかいいですね。




Count and Noncount Nouns について勉強してみました。

Count and Noncount Nouns with Adjectives


Most of the time, this doesn't matter with adjectives. For example, you can say, "The cat was gray" or "The air was gray." However, the difference between a countable and uncountable noun does matter with certain adjectives, such as "some/any," "much/many," and "little/few."
Some/Any: Some and any countable and uncountable nouns.
• "There is some water on the floor."
• "There are some students here."
• "Do you have any food?"
• "Do you have any apples?"
Much/Many: Much modifies only uncountable nouns. Many modifies only countable nouns.
• "We don't have much time to get this done."
• "Many Americans travel to Europe."
Little/Few: Little modifies only uncountable nouns.
• "He had little food in the house."
• "The doctor had little time to think in the emergency room."
Few modifies only countable nouns.
• "There are few doctors in town."
• "Few students like exams."
Other basic rules
A lot of/lots of: A lot of/lots of are informal substitutes for much and many. They are used with uncountable nouns when they mean much and with countable nouns when they mean many.
• "They have lots of (much) money in the bank."
• "A lot of (many) Americans travel to Europe."
• "We got lots of (many) mosquitoes last summer."
• "We got lots of (much) rain last summer."
A little bit of: A little bit of is informal and always precedes an uncountable noun.
• "There is a little bit of pepper in the soup."
• "There is a little bit of snow on the ground."
Enough: Enough modifies both countable and uncountable nouns.
• "There is enough money to buy a car."
• "I have enough books to read."
Plenty of: Plenty of modifies both countable and uncountable nouns.
• "They have plenty of money in the bank."
• "There are plenty of millionaires in Switzerland."
No: No modifies both countable and uncountable nouns.
• "There is no time to finish now."
• "There are no squirrels in the park."リス
Count and Noncount Nouns (with Plurals, Articles, and Quantity Words)
Section 1: Definition of Count and Noncount nouns
Count or Noncount?
The main difference between count and noncount nouns is whether you can count the things they refer to or not.
Count nouns refer to things that exist as separate and distinct individual units. They usually refer to what can be perceived by the senses.
Examples:
• table
• finger
• bottle
• chair
• remark
• award
• word
• girl
• candidate
Example sentences:
I stepped in a puddle. (How many puddles did you step in? Just one.)
I drank a glass of milk. (Glasses of milk can be counted)
I saw an apple tree. (Apple trees can be counted)
Noncount nouns refer to things that can't be counted because they are thought of as wholes that can't be cut into parts. They often refer to abstractions and occasionally have a collective meaning (for example, furniture).
Examples:
• anger
• courage
• progress
• furniture
• education
• weather
• warmth
• leisure
• precision
Example sentences:
I dove into the water. (How many waters did you dive into? The question doesn't make any sense; therefore water is noncountable.)
I saw the milk spill. (How many milks? Milk cannot be counted.)
I admired the foliage. (How many foliages? Foliage cannot be counted.)
Think of the batter from which a cake is made. Before you put the batter into the oven, it can't be divided into parts because it's a thick liquid. Once it has been baked, it becomes solid enough to be cut into pieces. Noncount nouns are like cake batter; count nouns are like pieces of cake
Note: Since the issue is complicated and almost no rule is absolute, there will be exceptions to the above definitions; however, we can show some general patterns. Bear in mind that what is countable in another language may not be countable in English, and vice versa.
Section 2: Uses of Count and Noncount Nouns
Pluralizing
The Rule
From the definitions of mass and count given above you may have already guessed the rule for pluralizing them:
• most count nouns pluralize with -s
• noncount nouns don't pluralize at all
This rule works for all of the nouns in the lists of examples in the first section. Check this rule for yourself before reading further.
An Exception to the Rule
For a number of nouns, the rule needs slight revision. Certain nouns in English belong to both classes: they have both a noncount and a count meaning. Normally the noncount meaning is abstract and general and the count meaning concrete and specific. Compare:
Count
• I've had some difficulties finding a job. (refers to a number of specific problems)
• The talks will take place in the Krannert building. (refers to a number of specific lectures)
• The city was filled with bright lights and harsh sounds. (refers to a number of specific lights and noises)
Noncount
• She succeeded in school with little difficulty. (refers to the general idea of school being difficult)
• I dislike idle talk. (refers to talking in general)
• Light travels faster than sound. (refers to the way light and sound behave in general)
Note: A special case of the use of noncount nouns in a count sense has to do with classification. Sometimes a usually noncount noun can be understood as one item separate and distinct from other items of the same category. The nouns that function in this way often denote foods and beverages: food(s), drink(s), wine(s), bread(s), coffee(s), fruit(s), and so on. Examples:
• There are several French wines to choose from. (= kinds of wine)
• I prefer Sumatran coffees to Colombian. (= kinds of coffee)
• We use a variety of different batters in our bakery. (= kinds of batter)
A recent entry into this class is homework, which at least among some students has the count plural homeworks in addition to its noncount use. (For example, "You're missing three of the homeworks from the first part of the course.") Because this usage is not firmly established and is likely to be considered nonstandard, you should check with your instructor before using it in writing.
A Revision of the Rule
These exceptions require that the rule for pluralizing be revised: count nouns and nouns used in a count sense pluralize; noncount nouns and nouns used in a noncount sense do not.
The two possibilities in each half of the rule require different choices. If you know that a particular noun must be either count or noncount and cannot be both, you need to decide only if it is possible to pluralize the noun. On the other hand, if you know that a particular noun may be used in either a count or noncount sense, then you need to decide whether it is appropriate to pluralize.
To summarize, we may put the rule in a chart, like this:
Pluralizes with -s Doesn't Pluralize
Count Noun XX
Count Use XX
Noncount Noun XX
Noncount Use XX
Articles
Nouns and Articles
Choosing which article to use (if any) with a noun is a complex matter because the range of choices depends on whether the noun in question is 1) count or noncount and 2) singular or plural. Both count nouns (whether singular or plural) and noncount nouns take articles.
Combinations of Nouns and Articles
The following chart shows which articles go with which kinds of nouns. Notice that this, that, these, and those have been included because, like the, they mark the noun that they modify as definite, which means that the noun refers 1) to a unique individual or 2) to some person, event, or object known to both the writer and reader from their general knowledge or from what has been previously mentioned in a piece of writing.
a, an the this, that these, those no article
Count singular XX XX XX
Count plural XX XX XX
Noncount XX XX XX
Examples:
Count Singular:
I ate an apple.
I rode the bus.
Does she live in this house? No, she lives in that house over there.
Count Plural:
I like to feed the birds.
Do you want these books? No, I want those books up there.
Cats are interesting pets.
Noncount:
The water is cold.
This milk is going sour.
Music helps me relax.
Quantity Terms
The following chart shows which quantity words go with which kinds of nouns. Note that quantity words can be used in combinations such as many more, many fewer, much more, and much less, any of which can be preceded by how to form questions or relative clauses. Negatives like not and no can also be applied to many of these terms.
much, less, little, a little, very little some, any, most, more, all, a lot of, no, none of the many, both, several, few/fewer/fewest, a few, one of the, a couple of each, every, any, one
Count singular XX
Count plural XX XX
Noncount XX XX
Examples:
Count Singular:
I practice every day.
I'd like one donut, please.
Count Plural:
Can I have some chips?
She has a lot of books, and many are autographed.
I have fewer pencils than you.
Noncount:
Can I have some water?
She has a lot of strength, and much is due to her upbringing.
I have less courage than you.

Count and Noncount Nouns (with Articles and Adjectives)
Countable Nouns
Countable nouns refer to things that we can count. Such nouns can take either singular or plural form.
Concrete nouns may be countable.
There are a dozen flowers in the vase.
He ate an apple for a snack.
Collective nouns are countable.
She attended three classes today.
London is home to several orchestras.
Some proper nouns are countable.
There are many Greeks living in New York.
The Vanderbilts would throw lavish parties at their Newport summer mansion.
Uncountable Nouns
Uncountable nouns refer to things that we cannot count. Such nouns take only singular form.
Abstract nouns are uncountable.
The price of freedom is constant vigilance.
Her writing shows maturity and intelligence.
Some concrete nouns are uncountable (when understood in their undivided sense).
The price of oil has stabilized recently.
May I borrow some rice?
While uncountable nouns do not generally take a plural form, sometimes they may be pluralized when used in a countable sense. The difference between the uncountable and countable meanings of nouns that are used in either sense can be seen in the following chart:
Uncountable Sense Countable Sense
Art is often called limitation of
life. I read a book about the folkarts of Sweden.
Life is precious. A cat has nine lives.
Religion has been a powerful force in history. Many religions are practiced in the United States.
She has beautiful skin. The hull of a kayak is made of animal skins.
Dr. Moulton is an expert in ancient Greek sculpture. We have several sculptures in our home.
We use only recycled paper in our office. Where are those important papers?
Using Articles with Countable and Uncountable Nouns
A countable noun always takes either the indefinite (a, an) or definite (the) article when it is singular. When plural, it takes the definite article if it refers to a definite, specific group and no article if it is used in a general sense.
The guest of honor arrived late.
You are welcome as a guest in our home.
The guests at your party yesterday made a lot of noise.
Guests are welcome here anytime.
Uncountable nouns never take the indefinite article (a or an), but they do take singular verbs. The is sometimes used with uncountable nouns in the same way it is used with plural countable nouns, that is, to refer to a specific object, group, or idea.
Information is a precious commodity in our computerized world.
The information in your files is correct.
Sugar has become more expensive recently.
Please pass me the sugar.
Categories of Uncountable Nouns
Abstract Material Generic Non-Plurals with -s
advice
help
information
knowledge
trouble
work
enjoyment
fun
recreation
relaxation meat
rice
bread
cake
coffee
ice cream
water
oil
grass
hair fruit
wildlife
equipment
machinery
furniture
mail
luggage
jewelry
clothing
money mathematics
economics
physics
civics
ethics
mumps
measles
news
tennis
(other games)
Quantity Adjectives with Countable and Uncountable Nouns
Some, Any
Both words modify either countable or uncountable nouns.
There are some cookies in the jar. (countable)
There is some water on the floor. (uncountable)
Did you eat any food? (uncountable)
Do you serve any vegetarian dishes? (countable)
Much, Many
Much modifies only uncountable nouns.
How much money will we need?
They ate so much cake that they started to feel sick.
Much effort will be required to solve this problem.
Many modifies only countable nouns.
How many children do you have?
They had so many books that they had to stack them in the hall.
Many Americans travel to Europe each year.
A lot of, Lots of
These words are informal substitutes for much and many.
Lots of effort will be required to solve this problem. (uncountable)
A lot of Americans travel to Europe each year. (countable)
Little, Quite a little, Few, Quite a few
Little and quite a littlemodify only uncountable nouns.
We had a little ice cream after dinner.
They offered little help for my problem. (meaning "only a small amount")
They offered quite a little help for my problem. (meaning "a large amount") (See quite a bit of, below.)
Few and quite a few modify only countable nouns.
A few doctors from the hospital play on the softball team.
Few restaurants in this town offer vegetarian dishes. (meaning "only a small number")
Quite a few restaurants in this town offer vegetarian dishes. (meaning "a large number")
A little bit of, Quite a bit of
These informal phrases usually precede uncountable nouns. Quite a bit of has the same meaning as quite a little and is used more commonly.
There's a little bit of pepper in the soup. (meaning "a small amount")
There's quite a bit of pepper in the soup. (meaning "a large amount")
Enough
This word modifies both countable and uncountable nouns.
I don't have enough potatoes to make the soup.
We have enough money to buy a car.
Plenty of
This term modifies both countable and uncountable nouns.
There are plenty of mountains in Switzerland.
She has plenty of money in the bank.
No
This word modifies both countable and uncountable nouns.
There were no squirrels in the park today.
We have no time left to finish the project.
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I never worry about action, but only inaction.

2016年03月29日 08時08分24秒 | 語学
242日/366日 242日目 残り日数 124日
目標設定期日まで残り124日となってしまいました。


今日の名言・格言・諺(a saying ; a famous saying ; a well-known saying ; a proverb)
[I never worry about action, but only inaction]
Winston Churchill
行動する事は少しも恐れはしない。恐れるのは、ただ無為に時を過ごす事だけだ。


日常会話・一般会話レベルだけをやっていてもいいのですが、1年後の目標が、ビジネスシーンでも普通に自分の意思を表現できること、相手の言っていることを理解できることであるため、専門用語は不可欠です。従い、P/L、B/Sに関しする専門用語は殆ど習得しておく必要があります。しかし、専門分野(a specialized field (area))の専門語(technical terms)terminologyは覚えやすいのはどうしてなんだろう? 皆さんは、どうですか? 
PwC(PricewaterhouseCoopers)のaudit reportに記載されている専門用語を一週間徹底的に調べて記憶するようにしよう。今日から一週間の課題です。期日は、4月3日日曜日とする。


But I almost had an accident yesterday。
lie (自動詞)lei lay lain ライ
そこが難しいところだ There lies the difficulty.
旅の一番の魅力はその新しい経験にある
The greatest charm of traveling lies in its new experiences.
その問題は私に重くのしかかっていた。
The problem lay heavily upon me.
あなたの人生はこれからだ。 Life (The world) lies before you.
営業外収益  non-operating income (revenue)
営業許可  a business license
営業権 trade rights (droit de pas-de-porte)
営業時間 business hours (heures d'ouverture)
営業実績 business performance : business turnover
営業収入 operating revenue
営業主任 a business manager
営業所 an office, a sales office, a place of business
営業スタッフ a sales staff
営業停止 suspension of a business license
営業費 business expenses, operating costs
営業品目 a business line
営業部 a sales department
営業妨害 obstruction of business
営業報告 a business report
営業方針 business policy (politique commerciale)
営業利益 operating profit
営業不振 mauvaise marche des affaires
固定費 fixed cost
変動費 variable cost
損益分岐点 break-even-point
限界利益 marginal point
限界利益率 contribution margin ratio
勘定科目 items of an account
科目 an item
損益計算書 (P/L) Profit and loss statement, Income statement
キャッシュフロー計算書 cash flow statement
貸借対照表 (B/S) balance sheet
財務活動によるキャッシュフロー cash flow from financing activities
営業活動によるキャッシュフロー cash flow from operating activities
原価計算 cost accounting
直接費 direct cost
間接費 indirect cost
直接原価計算 variable costing
製品原価 product cost
売上原価 product cost
期間原価 period cost
一般管理費 general and administrative expense
売上高当期純利益率 net income
売上高営業利益率 operation profit ratio
売上高経常利益率 ordinary profit ratio, current profit ratio
売上高純利益率 gross income on sales, gross profit ratio
営業外費用 non-operating expenses
特別利益 extraordinary gain
特別損益 extraordinary loss
売上高 sales revenue
会計方針 accounting policy
経常利益 pretax profit, current profit
固定資産 fixed assets
流動資産 current assets
管理会計 managerial accounting
税務会計 tax accounting
財務会計 financial accounting
資本(資本コスト) cost of capital
定額法 straight line method
耐用年数 useful life
残存価格 residual value
会計監査 auditing, auditexamine (audit) accounts (the books)
会計基準 accounting standards
財務諸表 financial statements
財務諸表の透明性を高める(向上させる)
enhance the transparency of finacial statements
会社法 company (corporation) law
資本金 capital stock
損益予算 profit&loss budgeting
我慢しなさい Deal with it.
我慢してください。Please deal with it.
それはたいしたことない。 That's no big deal.
たいしたことないよ。 No big deal.
私が対応します。 I'll deal with it.
優先的に処理をする deal with it as priority
難問を処理する deal with a difficult problem
取引する (at, with) deal with
今日できることを明日まで延ばすな。
Don't put off till tomorrow what you can do today.
その匂いにはうんざりだ The smell put me off.
次の停留所で下してください。 Please put me off the next stop.
その騒音で勉強に集中できなかった。The noise put me off my studies.
思い立ったが吉日 Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.
問題の解決を一時保留する to put off the settlement of a problem
嵐の為出発を延期した We put off our departure owing to the storm.
彼女の行動に私たちはドン引きした。 We were put off by her action.(behavior)
病気のため、彼は会合を延期せざるえなかった。
Because of his illness, he has forced to put off the meeting.
負けるが勝ち Sometimes defeat means victory.
勝ち負け victory or defeat
当選と落選 a success and a defeat (of an election)
死因 the cause of death
根本原因 the bottom cause, the root cause, an original cause
第一原因 the ultimate cause
それが原因で with that as a cause
何らかの原因で with some cause
直接の原因 an immediate cause
因果関係 the relation between cause and effect
副作用を起こす cause a side effect
病は気から Worry is often the cause of illness
主な原因 the primary cause of something
物事の誘因 the cause of an affair
間接的な原因 an indirect cause
原因は何? What was the cause?
tide  潮
上げ潮  the flowing tide, the incoming tide, the rising tide
引き潮  the outgoing tide
大潮 a flood tide
潮の流れ the drift of the tide
満潮時に(で) at high tide
干潮時に  at low tide
上げ潮だ The tide is at the flood.
潮は引いている The tide is out.
潮がさしてきた The tide is rising.
時勢に従う go (swim) with the tide
時勢に逆らう go (swim) against the tide
潮の干満 the ebb and flow of the tide
潮が引いていた The tide was on (at) the ebb.
潮が上げていた The tide was on (at) the flow.
潮が引き始めていた The tide was receding.
形成が一変する The tide turns.
潮が変わりかけている The tide in on the turn.
harsh : 耳障りな、不快な、どぎつい、ざらざらした、荒い、厳しい、過酷な、残酷な、無情な、とげとげしい、
耳障りな声 a harsh voice
彼女は従業員たちに厳しい She's harsh with (to) her employees.
厳しい訓練 harsh training
あなたは少し厳しいね You're a bit harsh.
耳障りに聞こえる to sound harsh
私の会社の経営は厳しい My company is managerially harsh.
それは彼には厳しすぎる That is too harsh for him.
瞬時に in the blink of an eye
彼は彼女の過失を見逃してやった He blinked at her mistake.
彼女は彼の激しい非難に驚いた She blinked at his sharp rebuke.
rebuke:リビュック V:けん責する、非難する(for) (n)非難
社長は重要な書類を置き違えたと言って秘書をしかりつけた。
The president rebuked his secretary for misplacing important papers.
非の打ちどころのない、欠点のない without rebuke
警察が銀行を襲おうとする彼らの企ての裏をかいた。
The police frustrated their attempt to rob the bank.
強盗が私から財布を奪った。 
A mugger robbed me of my wallet.
強盗 mugger robber(泥棒、強盗) thief (泥棒) burglar(不法目的侵入者、侵入盗犯、押し入り強盗、押し込み)housebreaker 家宅侵入者
当然の昇進  a deserved promotion
当然の deserved
日米関係 the relationship between Japan and the U.S
besides; yet まだ - •besides you あなた以外に -
•Besides, I hurt my waist.
さらに、私は腰を痛めた。
•There's really nothing else besides that.
それ以外は特にないかな
•No one knows it besides me.
それは私のほかはだれも知らない.
•There was another visitor besides [as well as] me.
僕のほかにもお客があった.
•Three others were late besides me.
私のほかにも 3 名遅刻した.
•Moreover [Besides], he is my benefactor.
のみならず彼は私の恩人だ.
•a small desk that is placed besides a large desk
机の傍に置く小机
•All of us went besides him.
彼のほかに私たち皆が行った。
•He has no friends besides me.
私は彼のただ一人の友人だ。
•Besides the rain, we experienced heavy winds.
雨に加えて激しい風にもあった。
•Besides, it's starting to rain.
その上雨が降り出している。
•Besides, you lead a charmed life.
あなたは運の強い人よ。
•Is anyone coming besides your friends?
あなたの友達は他に誰かきますか。
•What do you do besides work?
あなたは仕事のほかに何をやってるんですか?
•Besides this, they sell other fire resistant goods and fuel.
彼らはこの他にも耐火物や燃料を扱っています。
•Where do you want to go besides Japan?
あなたは日本以外に行きたいところはどこですか?
•Besides, they gave a fake explanation to the investor.
さらに、彼らは投資家に嘘の説明をしていた。
•What kind of vehicles do you have besides cars?
あなたは車以外にどんな乗り物をお持ちですか。
•Besides, the English class id scheduled for you too.
その上、あなたには英語の授業も予定されている。
•Besides, it is necessary that you take the English class.
その上、あなたは英語の授業も受ける必要がある。
•Everyone in my family besides me is living in Gunma.
私以外の家族は群馬に住んでいます。
•Who else is going there besides us?
私たちの他に誰がそこに行くのですか。
•I watch a lot of other movies besides horror.
私はホラー以外のいろいろな映画を観ます。
•Which languages are you interested in besides English?
あなたは英語以外のどんな言語に興味がありますか?
•Why kind of languages can you use besides English?
あなたは英語以外にどんな言語を使うことができますか。
•Do you do any other work besides this?
あなたはこれ以外で仕事をしていますか?
•Besides this Saturday, when are you free?
あなたは今週は土曜日以外で、いつが都合いいですか?
•Besides here, there is no place for me to go.
私はここ以外に行く所が無い。
•There are a lot of other stores besides that one.
そのほかにも、たくさんのお店がありますよ。
•There was nothing special today besides school.
今日は学校以外、特別なことは何もなかった.
•Who besides her would say that?
彼女以外にだれがそんなことを言うだろうか.
•He has a wife, and five children besides.
彼は奥さんのほかに 5 人の子供をかかえている.
•I don't want to go; (and) besides, it's raining.
行きたくないし, おまけに雨も降ってるじゃないか.
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