VOA記事から作成した英英二語ヒントはさみ撃ち問題(4)(5)(6)(7)

　以下はVOA記事から作成した練習問題です。青字の英英式ヒントを参考に、文脈に合った単語を完成してください。
　VOA記事から作成した英英二語ヒントはさみ撃ち問題(1)(2)(3)も一緒に練習するとさらに効果があります。　

【4】Construction has started on the first U.S. offshore wind turbines, a small Atlantic Ocean project off the country's northeastern coast, after years of protests have halted bigger wind farms elsewhere.

U.S. Interior Secretary Sally Jewell called the start of the five-turbine project a "pioneering moment." She visited the site by boat Monday, located about five kilometers from Block Island, a summer tourist (1)de…【the place where someone is going】 in the state of Rhode Island.

When finished late next year, the wind farm is (2)ex…【to think that something will probably happen 】 to power electricity for 17,000 homes, including the thousand people who live on the island and many others on Rhode Island's mainland.

Offshore wind farms are a mainstay of the European power grid, with 2,500 turbines connected to the continent's grid, more than 20 years after the first one was (3)in…【to bring something into use for the first time】 off Denmark.

Numerous projects have been (4)pr…【to suggest a plan, idea, or action for other people to consider】 in the U.S. off its Atlantic and Pacific coasts, but a variety of protests have blocked construction.

Some officials have complained about the cost of constructing the turbines, environmentalists have objected to the (5)im…【the effect that something has on someone or something】 on birds and whales and wealthy coastal homeowners have complained that their views of the ocean would be diminished by the offshore turbines.

※解答(1)destination(目的地)　(2)expected(予想する)　(3)introduced(導入する)　(4)proposed(提案する)　(5)impact(影響)

※動詞は原型の意味を書いています。

【5】Obama Announces Clean Energy (1)In…【an important new plan that is intended to solve a particular problem】

U.S. President Barack Obama has announced new executive actions and other efforts aimed at making it easier for homeowners and businesses to (2)in…【to buy shares, property, or goods, etc. in the hope of making a profit】 in green energy improvements that in the past may have been impractical or unaffordable.

Obama was the keynote speaker at a clean energy (3)co…【a formal meeting where people discuss ideas related to a particular topic 】 in the southwestern city of Las Vegas, Nevada Monday night. He noted that some fossil fuel and utility interests are fighting the nation's rush to cleaner, cheaper and more (4)ef…【doing something well without wasting materials, time, or energy 】 energy. But he said, "Sorry, we're moving forward."

The president said that after decades of being told renewable energy doesn't make economic sense, "today that's no longer true."

Among the steps announced by the president are new rules from the Federal Housing Administration that could significantly (5)ex…【to cause something to increase in size, range, or amount】 the use of so-called PACE (Property Assessed Clean Energy) loans that allow homeowners to install energy improvements and pay back their costs over time. To date, use of that financing has been constrained by regulatory obstacles. He also said the Department of Energy will make $1 billion in additional loan guarantees (6)av…【able to be used or obtained】 to encourage innovation in technologies that give Americans more flexibility in choosing renewable energy options.

Obama's speech, at an annual energy conference (7)ho…【to provide the place and everything necessary for a special event】 by Senate Democratic leader Harry Reid, was aimed at countering fossil fuel and utility interests that have been working to undercut clean energy policies with arguments that the matter should be left to the free market.

The president had returned from a two-week vacation Sunday with a number of important issues facing him over the next few months, including working to push the international agreement on Iran's nuclear program through a (8)sk…【having doubts that something is true】 Congress.

But with the world trying to clinch a binding agreement to (9)ad…【to try to deal with a problem or task】 climate change by the end of the year, he has been working on reforms at home to cut carbon emissions, while also cutting costs for U.S. consumers.

※解答(1)Initiatives(新規構想) 　 (2)invest(投資する)　　(3)conference(会議)　 (4)efficient(効率的な) 　(5)expand(拡大する) 　(6)available(利用できる)　 (7)hosted(主催する) 　(8)skeptical(懐疑的な)　 (9)address(取り組む)

【6】The Apple company has sent out mysterious invitations to a new "product event" for September 9, but has not said exactly what will be announced - standard practice for the technology company, which often (1)la…es【to start selling a new product to the public】 new products in September.

Media outlets on Thursday received invitations to the event, carrying the headline "Hey Siri, give us a hint." Siri is the name for the voice-activated "personal assistant" (2)fu…【the purpose that something is designed to do】 contained in Apple devices.

While the exact nature of the announcement has not been (3)re…【to make something known】, industry observers say it is likely to be a new iPhone model or a new version of the Apple TV set-top box, which allows a standard television to display streaming content.

Apple event announcements usually generate a great deal of interest because of how closely the company guards its information. When Siri users question their electronic (4)de…【a piece of equipment that has been designed to do a particular job】 about the purpose of the September 9 event, "she" answers enigmatically, saying only to expect "a big announcement."


※解答(1)launches(発売する)　(2)function(機能)　(3)revealed(明らかにする)　(4)device(装置)

【7】Social media giant Twitter is setting modest goals to increase the number of female employees at the company from 34 percent to 35 percent by the end of next year.

The company (1)re…【to make information or documents available to the public】 the hiring targets Friday with data showing that Twitter, like most other major U.S. tech companies, employs primarily white and Asian men.

The San Francisco company said it would hire more underrepresented minorities, (2)bo…【to increase or improve something】 their numbers from 10 percent to 11 percent.

Twitter also said it planned to boost the number of women and underrepresented minorities in tech roles and leadership (3)po…s【the rank or role of someone in a company or society 】.

Janet Van Huysse, Twitter's vice president of (4)di…【the state of having many different types of people or things】 and inclusion, said in a blog post Friday, "We want the makeup of our company to reflect the vast range of people who use Twitter."

"While we have already been working toward internal diversity goals at different levels of the company, I am very pleased to report that we are now setting companywide diversity goals, and we are sharing them publicly," she said.

To help achieve its aims, Twitter said it would partner with organizations that offer career guidance to underrepresented minorities and would recruit employees from historically black colleges and Hispanic-serving (5)in…s【a large organization that has a particular purpose】 this fall.

Twitter employs about 4,100 people around the world.

※解答(1)released(発表する)　 (2)boosting(高める)　 (3)positions(地位)　　(4)diversity(多様性)　　(5)institutions(機関)

【全訳】＊はTOEIC頻出語彙です。
Social media giant Twitter is setting modest goals
ソーシャルメディアの巨大企業ツイッターは控えめな目標を設定している

to *increase the number of female *employees at the *company from 34 percent to 35 percent by the end of next year.
来年末までに35％に34％から会社の女性社員の数を増やすための

The *company released the *hiring *targets Friday
同社は金曜日に雇用目標を発表した

with data showing that Twitter, like most other major U.S. tech *companies, *employs primarily white and Asian men.
ツイッターが、他のほとんどの米国の大手ハイテク企業のように、主に白人とアジア人を採用していることを示すデータと共に

The San Francisco *company said it would *hire more underrepresented minorities,
サンフランシスコの会社（ツイッター）は、過小評価された少数者をより多く採用するだろうと述べた

*boosting their numbers from 10 percent to 11 percent.←分詞構文
それらの数を10％から11％に高めて

Twitter also said
ツイッターはまた述べた

it planned to boost the number of women and underrepresented minorities in tech roles and leadership *positions.
技術の役職とリーダーシップのポジションに女性や過小評価された少数者の数を高めることを計画してると。

Janet Van Huysse, Twitter's vice *president of *diversity and inclusion, said in a blog post Friday,

多様性と包括を担当するツイッターの副社長のJanet Van Huysseはブログで金曜日に述べた。

"We want the makeup of our company to *reflect the vast *range of people who use Twitter."
我々は、当社の構成がツイッターを使用する人々の広大な範囲を反映するようにしたい。

"While we have already been working toward internal *diversity goals at different levels of the company,
「われわれはすでに会社のさまざまなレベルで内部の多様性の目標に向かって取り組んできたが、

I am very pleased to report that
私は以下を報告できるのが嬉しい

we are now setting companywide *diversity goals,
われわれは今、全社的な多様性の目標を設定している

and we are *sharing them publicly," she said.
そしてわれわれはそれら（目標）を公に発表している」と彼女は言った。

To help *achieve its aims,
その目標を達成するために

Twitter said
ツイッターは言った

it would partner with *organizations that offer *career guidance to underrepresented minorities
それは過小評価された少数者に職業ガイダンスを提供する組織と手を組むだろう

and would *recruit *employees from historically black colleges and Hispanic-serving *institutions this fall.
そしてこの秋には歴史的に黒人の多い大学やヒスパニックに尽くす機関から従業員を募集するだろう。

Twitter *employs about 4,100 people around the world.
ツイッターは世界中で約4,100人を雇用している。

けっして難単語ではありませんが、英英定義と二語ヒントのみで全問正解するのはそうたやすくないと思います。TOEIC攻略無料メルマガではほぼ毎日、全訳つきの三語ヒント英英はさみ撃ち練習問題を発行しています。

VOA記事から作成した英英二語ヒントはさみ撃ち問題(1)(2)(3)

　以下はStrength of Handshake Reflects Disease Risk, Study Contends というVOA記事から作成した練習問題です。青字の英英式ヒントを参考に、文脈に合った単語を完成してください。


Strength of Handshake Reflects Disease Risk, Study Contends
by VOA News

The strength of your grip could be a doctor's first clue about your long-term health.

In a new study from Canada's McMaster University, researchers found that a handshake is a better (1)in…【a sign that shows what a situation is like】of your health than your blood pressure. Writing in the journal The Lancet, they reported that reduced grip strength was consistently linked with early death, disability and illness.

Researchers measured muscle strength in nearly 140,000 adults over four years in 17 countries. Using a handgrip dynamometer, they found that for every 5-kilogram (2)de…【a reduction in the amount, importance, quality, or strength】in grip strength, there was a 17 percent increased risk of death from any cause.

That level of risk was not affected by any identifiable differences among the participants, including age, gender, education, physical activity or their countries' (3)we…【a large amount of money or property that a person or country owns】.

The researchers did take into account the probability that a healthy grip for a young man is likely to be stronger than the healthy grip of an old woman. They also noted that ethnicity appeared to make a difference. Further study is needed to set a benchmark for different countries, they said.

Principal investigator Dr. Darryl Leong suggested, "Grip strength could be an easy and inexpensive test to (4)as…【to make a judgment about something after thinking carefully about it】an individual's risk of death and cardiovascular disease."

What's not clear is whether working to strengthen your grip also (5)imp…【to make something better】 your health, Leong said more research was needed to answer that question.

解答(1)indicator(指標)　(2)decline (低下)　(3)wealth(富) 　(4)assess(査定する) 　(5)improves(改善する)

　以下はThe Nose Knows: Simple Scents Increase Sales, PerformanceというVOA記事から作成した練習問題です。青字の英英式ヒントを参考に、文脈に合った単語を完成してください。


The Nose Knows: Simple Scents Increase Sales, Performance

Smells can evoke memories. The scent of a certain perfume can prompt visions of a first love, perhaps. Smells can provide comfort, as any practitioner of aromatherapy will tell you. And smells can (1)en…【to give someone the courage or support to do something 】 you to buy something – which is why clever retailers often bake cookies in homes they're trying to sell.

Marketing experts at Washington State University (WSU) and Switzerland's University of St. Gallen wanted to find out which scents are most (2)ef…【successful, and producing a result that is wanted 】 at getting consumers into a “shopping state of mind.” In the Journal of Retailing, they report that simple scents are better.

They exposed hundreds of Swiss shoppers to a simple orange scent and to the more complex aroma of orange-basil and green tea. A look at the cash register receipts (3)re…【to make known something that was previously unknown 】 a bump in sales when it was just the scent of orange in the air.

An uncomplicated scent is also a benefit for doing cognitive tasks. WSU researchers exposed students to different scent conditions as they worked on word problems. The students (4)so…【to find a way to deal with a problem 】 more problems in less time when the simple scent was in the air, than they did when there was just the complex scent or none at all.

Eric Spangenberg, dean of WSU's College of Business, says a simple scent is easier for the brain to process, so the mind can better focus on thinking, working…or shopping.

※解答(1)encourage(促す) (2)effective(効果的な) (3)revealed(明かす) (4)solved(解決する)

　以下はSome Airlines Ban Shipment of Big Game Hunting TrophiesというVOA記事から作成した練習問題です。青字の英英式ヒントを参考に、文脈に合った単語を完成してください。


Three U.S. airlines banned the (1)sh…【the act of sending goods from one place to another】of hunting trophies this week after the killing of Cecil the lion in Zimbabwe last month.

Delta Air Lines was the first to announce the ban on Monday. It was soon followed by American Airlines and United Airlines. The decisions come after similar (2)me…s【an action that is intended to achieve a particular aim】 were taken by Emirates and South African Airways.

It is not clear how many, if any, hunting trophies the U.S. airlines have transported in recent years.

The ban prevents carrying lion, leopard, elephant, rhinoceros and buffalo trophies on the (3)fl…s【a journey on an airplane】 of the U.S. airlines.

The measure came after an American dentist, Walter James Palmer, killed the well-known lion Cecil outside Hwange National Park in Zimbabwe in an allegedly illegal hunt.

Zimbabwe is seeking the extradition of Palmer from Minnesota, a major hub for Delta, who killed Cecil the lion in early July.

It is reported that Zimbabwe is also seeking the extradition of a doctor from Pennsylvania, Jan Casimir Seski, (4)su…【to think that something is probably true without having definite proof】 of killing a lion in April.

There is an extradition treaty between Zimbabwe and the United States.

The killing of Cecil drew worldwide condemnation and drew further global (5)at…【interest that people show in someone or something】 when the United Nations General Assembly unanimously adopted a resolution last week aimed at combating illegal wildlife trafficking and poaching. It was the culmination of a two-year campaign led by Gabon and Germany.

解答(1)shipment(輸送)　(2)measures(措置)　(3)flights(フライト)　(4)suspected(疑う)　(5)attention(注目)