English Collection

日頃目に付いた覚えたい英単語、慣用句などの表現についてのメモです。

Shakespear曰く

2018年04月15日 | 英単語
The Answer by Allan & Barbara Peaseを読んでいます。
シェイクスピアからの引用がありました。
'...there is nothing either good or bad, but thinking makes it so.'

Shakespear
意味深長ですが、良い方にも悪い方にも利用されそうな表現ですね。
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Plan Z

2018年04月14日 | 英単語
The Answer by Allan & Barbara Peaseを読んでいます。
If 'Plan A' doesn't work there are another 25 letters in the alphabet.
七転び八起きどころではないですね。
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You need to wait at least six weeks for intimacy

2018年04月12日 | 英単語
Reader's Digest 2月号の記事 'Life in these United States' からの引用です。
DURING A consultation with her doctor before having surgery, my friend said to him, "My husband wants me to ask when I will be able to..."
The doctor cut her off right there.
"I'm asked that question frequently," he said. He then leaned in and added, "You need to wait at least six weeks for intimacy."
My friend shook her head. "No, what he wanted to know was when I will be able to cook for him."
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Origin of Deadline

2018年04月11日 | 英単語
The Answer by Allan & Barbara Peaseを読んでいると "deadline" の由来についての記述がありました。
The word 'deadline' was first used in 1864 at Andersonville prison in the USA: 'On the inside of the stockade and 20 feet from it there is a dead-line established, over which no prisoner is allowed to go, day or night, under penalty of being shot.'
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alpha thinking

2018年04月09日 | 英単語
The Answer by Allan & Barbara Peaseを図書館から借りて読む本の間に読むことにしました。
そのIntroductionから引用します。
Picking up The Answer is the first step in taking yourself down roads you may never have considered before and may not even have known about. By the time you are halfway through reading it, you will realise why you are where you are and why you have what you have at this point in your life. You will have the answers that will help take you to wherever you are capable of going.

...

Also, we will answer your questions about anything you have ever read or heard about goal setting, visualisation, affirmations, prayer, alpha thinking and the Laws of Attraction.

"alpha thinking" は聞いたことがないので辞書を見ましたがどこにも見当たりません。
Googleで調べると 'The Power of Alpha Thinking' by Jess Stearnと題された本があり、副題に ' Practice the positive meditation of alpha and biofeedback and reprogram your life.'と書かれていました。これが 'The Answer' に書かれている "alpha thinking" と同じ事を指しているのであれば、"alpha" は脳波の一種の "alpha wave" を意味しているはずです。
Alpha waves (8 to 12 Hz) are present when your brain is in an idling default-state typically created when you're daydreaming or consciously practicing mindfulness or meditation. Alpha waves can also be created by doing aerobic exercise.
...

When alpha oscillations are prominent, your sensory inputs tend to be minimized and your mind is generally clear of unwanted thoughts. When your brain shifts gears to focus on a specific thought―in either a positive or negative way―alpha oscillations tend to disappear and higher frequency oscillations begin running the show.
...

Alpha wave biofeedback has been shown to be a useful tool for treating anxiety and depression. Because alpha waves are linked with relaxed mental states, an increase in alpha wave activity is the goal of most biofeedback training. EEG can be used to provide moment-to-moment feedback when alpha waves increase or decrease.

'from Psychology Today (https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-athletes-way/201504/alpha-brain-waves-boost-creativity-and-reduce-depression)'
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Someone called Betty Low

2018年04月08日 | 英単語
Reader's Digest 2月号の記事 'Life in these United States' からの引用です。
SCENE: Mom texting her daughter.
Mom: I think I keep getting messages or missed calls or something.
Me: From who?
Mom: Someone called Betty Low?
Me: Um, battery low?
Mom: That's it!
言葉を発する装置が増えてきましたが、進歩したのかどうかは疑問に感じる時もあります。
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prompt will read "Open 10k ohm File"

2018年04月06日 | 英単語
ある計器のユーザーマニュアルの一節です。
Step 1) Now click on each of the buttons that are labeled by a number (scanner channel). After each button, you will be greeted with a Windows file dialog that asks you to locate the resistor file required for the selected scanner channel. The prompt will read Open (resistor value) File, such as "Open 10k ohm File".
ここで使われている "read" は「読む」のではなく「示す」と理解することはこの手のマニュアルを何冊も読んでいるので分かっていましたが、この事を辞書で確認したことはありませんでした。辞書にこの説明があるか気になってチェックしました。

・Oxford English Dictionary: (of a measuring instrument) indicate a specified measurement or figure.: the thermometer read 0°C
・Collins Dictionary: If a measuring device reads a particular amount, it shows that amount.: The fuel gauge reads below zero.
この意味での用法はやはり温度計など、測定結果を表示する計器の表示に使われるのですね。
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hoodling

2018年04月05日 | 英単語
The God Delusion written by Richard Dawkins の論旨は明快ですが、使われている単語は難しいのが多く読むのに意外と時間がかかりました。
Binker - what I call him - is a secret of my own, And Binker is the reason why I never feel alone. Playing in the nursery, sitting on the stair, Whatever I am busy at, Binker will be there. Oh, Daddy is clever, he's a clever sort of man, And Mummy is the best since the world began, And Nanny is Nanny, and I call her Nan - But they can't See Binker. Binker's always talking, 'cos I'm teaching him to speak He sometimes likes to do it in a funny sort of squeak, . And he sometimes likes to do it in a hoodling sort of roar . . And I have to do it for him 'cos his throat is rather sore.
"hoodling" ですが、OneLookの辞書検索ではこの単語を項目として取り上げているのは次の俗語辞書たけでした。
・Urban Dictionary: A series of sounds made using vowels, wheezes and oral 'fart' sounds and set to rhythm. First popularized in Appalachian culture in the 1880's, it was an imitation of the sounds made by various farm animals and is considered the earliest predecessor of beat-boxing. Sometimes combined with hamboning.
この説明に出てきた "beat-boxing" は2/28/2014にハイフンのない "beatboxing" で取り上げていました。
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mealy-mouthed

2018年04月04日 | 英単語
The God Delusion written by Richard Dawkins を読んでいます。
Naturally, any decent person will wince at the ordeal of these unfortunate schoolgirls. I am trying to encourage us to wince, too, at the very idea of labelling them 'Catholic schoolgirls' at all. ('Loyalists', as I pointed out in Chapter 1, is the mealy-mouthed Northern Ireland euphemism for Protestants, just as 'Nationalists' is the euphemism for Catholics. People who do not hesitate to brand children 'Catholics' or 'Protestants' stop short of applying those same religious labels - far more appropriately - to adult terrorists and mobs.)
"mealy-mouthed" は日本語の「奥歯に物が挟まった」を連想させる表現ですが、辞書の説明をみます。
・Oxford English Dictionary: Afraid to speak frankly or straightforwardly.: mealy-mouthed excuses: I'm sick of all the mealy-mouthed mutts who want something for nothing.
・Collins Dictionary: If you say that someone is being mealy-mouthed, you are critical of them for being unwilling to speak in a simple or open way because they want to avoid talking directly about something unpleasant.: He repeated that he did not intend to be mealy-mouthed with the country's leaders.
・Cambridge English Dictionary: not brave enough to say what you mean directly and honestly: mealy-mouthed excuses: a mealy-mouthed spokesperson
政治家や官僚の国会での答弁は "mealy-mouthed" の典型ですね。
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stoner culture

2018年04月03日 | 英単語
March 22のThe Japan Times Online Culture面の記事 "‘Smokin’ on the Moon’: A stoner buddy flick takes a serious turn" のタイトルと記事冒頭の文に出てきた単語 "stoner" が気になりました。
Marijuana was a subject for comedy back when I was taking my first clumsy steps into stoner culture: The comedy routines of Cheech and Chong, ...

"stoner" は辞書に次の説明がありました。
・Oxford English Dictionary: informal A person who regularly takes drugs, especially marijuana.: I was a real stoner when I was a teenager.
・Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary: a person who habitually uses drugs or alcohol: The movie's a comedy about a couple of stoners.
"stoner culture" の項目は辞書には見つかりませんでしたが、Wikipediaに "stoner film" の項があり、Stoner film is a subgenre of comedy films that revolve around the use of cannabis. 中略 The series of movies in the 1970s starring Cheech & Chong are archetypal "stoner movies." とあり、記事の"stoner culture" は "stoner film" と同義と考えてよさそうです。
"stoner culture" をGoogleで検索した 'http://cannabis.wikia.com/wiki/Stoner_Culture' に"stoner culture" について次の説明がありました。
Stoner Culture is a broad term used to group together behaviors, observances and artistic works and movements practiced or created by cannabis users. Anyone who smokes cannabis on at least a semi-regular basis can be classified as belonging to the culture, though many users decide to immerse themselves more within the culture or take a more active role in shaping its future.
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