troll

Reader's Digest 2月号の記事　'The Online Troll Patrol' からの抜粋です。
EMILY TEMPLE-WOOD was 12 years old the first time she was trolled online. She was being a good digital citizen, excising the foul language and lies added to pop-culture posts on Wikipedia, and the cyber vandals were having none of it.
...
"I tell people who are being trolled that it's OK to be upset. But now you need to find a productive way to take revenge."
"troll" で連想するのはトロール船ですが、上記はネット上の話なので最近の用法ですね。辞書で調べます。
・Oxford English Dictionary: Make a deliberately offensive or provocative online post with the aim of upsetting someone or eliciting an angry response from them.: If people are obviously trolling then I'll delete your posts and do my best to ban you.
・Cambridge English Dictionary: to leave an insulting message on the internet in order to annoy someone: He's already getting trolled on social media for his comments after the game.

trading barbs

2月号のReader's Digest冒頭のeditor-in-chiefの記事からの抜粋です。
Dear Readers
...
She was a slight, quick freshman and the best player on campus. The best, she'd soon prove, on any campus on the East Coast. With her long hair and tan, she moved defiantly around the court like a warrior in a hurry.
Wow, I said to my roommate, she's amazing. And very cute. He said: Duh.
...
One night the next fall, she and I found ourselves trading barbs over a keg outside my dorm room.
この "trading barbs" が分かりません。 "barb" で連想するのは "barbed wire" ですが、二人はこの後で親密な仲になるのですから "trading barbs" は文脈からすると仲良く話を交わしているのではと推測しますが、どんな意味なのか辞書を見ます。 "barb" に次の意味がありました。
・Oxford English Dictionary: A deliberately hurtful remark.: his barb hurt more than she cared to admit
・Collins Dictionary: A barb is an unkind remark meant as a criticism of someone or something.: The barb stung her exactly the way he hoped it would.
・Cambridge English Dictionary: a remark that is funny but unkind: I tried to ignore their barbs about my new jacket.
そうですか、この時点ではまだ優しい言葉での会話ではないのですね。しかし "barbed wire" とは関係がありましたね。

bailiwick

小説 "Before I Say Good-Bye" からの引用です。
"The boat that blew up near the Statue of Liberty is in his bailiwick, although during this interview he must have been visiting the home of one of the apparent victims, out in Queens.
" 早速事故（事件？）が起こりました。さてここに出てきた "bailiwick" の意味を調べます。
・Oxford English Dictionary: One's sphere of operations or particular area of interest.: You never give the presentations--that's my bailiwick.
・Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary: the sphere in which one has superior knowledge or authority: Questions about organization of the fund drive are my bailiwick.
縄張りウィックと覚えよう。

cheek by jowl

Mary Higgins Clarkの "Before I Say Good-Bye" を読んでいます。
Adam, on his first visit there, had laughingly commented that Gert's apartment was like her mind: busy, eclectic and somewhat fey. "No one else would have art deco lacquer cheek by jowl with rococo fantasy," he said.
"cheek by jowl" の "jowl" は "jaw" と似ていますが、別物でしょうか？　辞書を見ます。
・Oxford English Dictionary: The lower part of a person's or animal's cheek, especially when it is fleshy or drooping.: She had a large nose and heavy jowls.
・Cambridge English Dictionary: the loose skin and flesh under the jaw: a bloodhound with heavy jowls (= loose folds of skin and flesh on the lower parts of its face)
顎の肉、皮膚を示しているようですが、そうなると "jowl" が頬のそばにあるのは当たり前なので引用個所の "cheek by jowl" は何やら別の意味がありそうです。辞書をよく見ると "cheek by jowl" と言う慣用句がありました。
・Oxford English Dictionary: Close together; side by side.: The houses were packed cheek by jowl along the coast.
・Collins Dictionary: If you say that people or things are cheek by jowl with each other, you are indicating that they are very close to each other.: She and her family have to live cheek by jowl with these people.
これですっきりしました。
ところで引用文に出てきた "fey" も知らない単語なので調べます。
・Oxford English Dictionary: Having supernatural powers of clairvoyance.: The key to her salvation is the fascinating combination of her fey powers with her steadfastly mortal mind.
・Cambridge English Dictionary: mysterious and strange, or trying to appear like this: He dismissed her later poems as fey and frivolous.
私には縁のない単語です。

Giveaway

Miss Figpot was teaching her class math.
She said "Johnny, if your father earned $10,000.00 and gave half of it to your mother, what would she get?"
Little Johnny answered "a heart attack!"

sanctimonious

Mary Higgins Clarkの小説 "Before I Say Good-Bye" を図書館から借りて読み始めました。面白そうな話の予感がします。最初に引用するのは次の箇所です。
Adam enjoyed her "insider" stories about the building world, tales from her earlier days with Walters and Arsdale.
You mean that sanctimonious old bird was on the take when those bids went our?" he'd exclaim, then reassure her when she became flustered about talking so much.
"sanctimonious" は何やら聖人と関係がありそうな単語ですが、賄賂に関係している様な人の話なので辞書で意味を確認します。
・Oxford English Dictionary: Making a show of being morally superior to other people.: What happened to all the sanctimonious talk about putting his family first?
・Collins Dictionary: If you say that someone is sanctimonious, you disapprove of them because you think that they are trying to appear morally better than other people.: He writes smug, sanctimonious rubbish.
なるほど、聖人ぶっているが、実際は良くない人ですね。

in the doghouse

EMOTIONAL FIRST AIDから引用します。
The more time we've spent with our partner the more confident we feel in our ability to assess his or her point of view without giving it much thought (perspective-taking error #1 in action). However, since familiarity with a person rarely bestows the ability to read the person's mind, such confidence is likely to land us in the doghouse more often than not.
犬は英語で余り良い意味に使われないことが結構あるので上の "in the doghouse" も人が犬小屋に入れられた事を連想する様な悪い意味ではないかと想像します。辞書で意味を確認します。
・Oxford English Dictionary: informal (be) in mild or temporary disfavor.: He remembered a lot of times when his dad would stay at the station because he was in the doghouse with his mom.
・Wiktionary: (idiomatic) In a situation of being the object of someone's anger or disapproval.: Usage notes:
Frequently used to describe a situation in which one is experiencing the anger of a spouse or romantic partner.
One can be "in someone's doghouse"; get or be put or "into the (or someone's) doghouse"; or get "out of the (or someone's) doghouse". To be "in the doghouse with X" usually means that X is angry at you, not that someone else is angry at you and X.

ribbing

EMOTIONAL FIRST AIDを読んでいます。
Serena's self-sabotaging behaviors are by no means unusual. Other common forms of self-defeating behaviors are finding poor excuses to turn down invitations to social events, skipping spontaneous get-togethers because you're "unprepared" either emotionally or otherwise, neglecting to convey birthday wishes or other celebratory messages to friends and colleagues, taking friendly ribbings too personally, using defensive body language (e.g., folding your arms over your chest, standing with your hands in your pockets, exaggerated rummaging through your purse, or faking intense interest in nonexistent text messages), responding with curt or monosyllabic sentences or overtalking and hogging the conversation, neglecting to ask others about their lives and opinions, and confessing your faults and insecurities to people you've just met.
"ribbing" で私はあばら骨を突っつくのを連想しますが、上の "ribbing" の意味は何でしょうか？
・Oxford English Dictionary: Good-natured teasing: Larry shouted back cordially, having taken Robby's genuine insult as mere good-natured ribbing.
・Collins Dictionary: Ribbing is friendly teasing.: I got quite a lot of ribbing from my team-mates.
・Cambridge English Dictionary: the act of laughing at someone in a friendly way as a joke: They gave him a ribbing about his accent.
この意味の語源として次の説明がOnline Etymology Dictionaryにありました。
"tease, fool," 1930, apparently from rib (n.); perhaps as a figurative suggestion of poking someone in the ribs. Related: Ribbed ; ribbing.

quotidian

The Japan Times Online Feb.12 Culture欄の記事に以前（3/21/2016）取り上げましたが意味を忘れた単語が出てきました。
Something Other Than Other’: The poetry of Philip Rowland captures quotidian Tokyo life
Tokyo poet Philip Rowland’s third full-length collection of verse, “Something Other Than Other,” quietly resonates with profound images of the quotidian humanity he finds around him.
以前とは別の辞書で "quotidian" の説明を見ます。
V2 Vocabulary Building Dictionary
Tips: Quotidian is derived from the Latin quotus, "number" and dies, "day." Quotidian refers to ordinary things that occur often or daily.
Usage Examples:
The book focuses on the quotidian life of farmers. (everyday, ordinary) She took up scuba diving in order to make her life a little less quotidian. (routine) Reality shows are designed to be about everyday life, but they are hardly quotidian. (ordinary)
It's great when I get to hear my favorite song on my quotidian commute to work. (everyday, daily)

gone from heavy to bombshell

EMOTIONAL FIRST AIDを読んでいると、知っている単語ですが、おやっと？と思う表現が出てきました。
Serena, the high school teacher who had gone from heavy to bombshell, was also quick to judge others and their intentions toward her. She was certain any man who expressd an interest in her did so solely because of her appearance and had no intention of getting to know the "real" her.
"bombshell" は "dynamite" を連想し、セクシーな容貌の女性を連想しますが、"heavy" は単に重い、すなわち太った人を連想します。 "gone from heavy to bombshell" で、ただのデブがカッコ良いセクシーな容貌になったと解釈するのは文脈から何か変な気がします。まず "bombshell" の意味を確認します。
・Oxford English Dictionary: informal A very attractive woman.: a twenty-year-old blonde bombshell: Rhos of course, wore only black, being the blonde bombshell she was.
・Collins Dictionary: an attractive girl or woman (esp in the phrase blonde bombshell)
これは予想通りですね。さて、問題は "heavy" です。
・Collins Dictionary: If you describe a person's face as heavy, you mean that it looks sad, tired, or unfriendly.: Many of them were policemen, with their heavy faces and cropped hair.
・Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary: lacking sparkle or vivacity, lacking mirth or gaiety
"heavy" は重い、がっしりした、重大な、大変な、きついなどから上のようなかなりニュアンスの異なる意味もあるのですね。
引用文の　"heavy" はデブと解釈するより、"lacking sparkle or vivacity" の様な意味が合っているようです。