May take C1Advanced test until 2025

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toe the line

2024-04-20 12:53:16 | Vocab - local
This is very Orwellian. We are just guinea pigs. I feel I'm just lucky to be alive.

Infected blood scandal: Children were used as 'guinea pigs' in clinical trials
https://www.bbc.com/news/health-68831061

medical words
haemophilia - haemophilia centres - United Kingdom Haemophilia Centre Doctors' Organisation UKHCDO
Hep C - hepatitis C - the potentially lethal viral infection hepatitis C
plasma [Collins]Plasma is the clear liquid part of blood which contains the blood cells.
cirrhosis - pronunciation
heat-treated Factor VIII / heat treatment
prophylaxis - This was preventative treatment, know as prophylaxis
von Willebrand's disease

administer [Collins]If a doctor or a nurse administers a drug, they give it to a patient.
contracted [Collins]If you contract a serious illness, you become ill with it.

words
problematic
cohort [Collins]A cohort of people is a group who have something in common. Cohort is used especially when a group is being looked at as a whole for statistical purposes.
[quote]Their doctor used his "unique" cohort of boys for extensive clinical trials.
riddled [Collins]If something is riddled with undesirable qualities or features, it is full of them.
plethora [Collins]A plethora of something is a large amount of it, especially an amount of it that is greater than you need, want, or can cope with.
[quote]There was a plethora of studies that we were all enrolled on for the decade we were at the school.
saline [Collins]A saline substance or liquid contains salt.
invincible
short window < window of opportunity
flawed
toe the line [quote]It would have meant their trials would have been flawed and so we, us kids, were made to toe the line.
rigorous
infectiousness < infectious
carriage
veer

I wondered why the "PUPs" or the "lab rats" were boys at first, but haemophilia is inherited genetic disorder and most commonly found in men.
The contaminated blood scandal in Japan was caused non-heat-treated blood products. This case was experiment of heat treatment.

This song was playing in my head while reading the article. We are the pigs. We are the guinea pigs.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fxtIwh1Nz0k
The Butler's guitar and the music video are brilliant.

words
firing line [quote]We are the stars of the firing line
deceit [quote]But deceit can't save you
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vein

2024-04-20 11:45:49 | Vocab - local
I like hedonistic British. They are loud, but they looks happy.

I met them on an easyJet plane from London to Ibiza. They were too excited to start singing a song along with drinking beers.
I encountered them on an East Coast train from New Castle to Edinburgh. They drunk loads of booze on the train or maybe even before getting the train.

'Hedonistic' British tourists drink all booze on four-hour SunExpress flight to Turkey in 25 minutes
https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/flight-turkey-sunexpress-alcohol-british-uk-tourists-drink-b1152594.html

words
hedonistic < hedonism
booze
drain
[quote]A Turkish airline chief described the “hedonistic” attitude of some British holidaymakers after a flight’s entire alcohol supply was drained in just 25 minutes.
high-spend < high-spending
vein
[quote]In the TTG profile, Max Kownatzki set out his blueprint to grow SunExpress as a tourist and commuter airline in a similar vein to that of Jet2.
accommodate
[quote]the business is looking to increase the number of UK passengers it accommodates every year.
venture
[quote]We needed to venture further in terms of our network – that made us look at the UK.

I didn't know SunExpress. Sun and Express sound tabloid papers, but it's a Turkish-German. I wonder if it is a member of Star Alliance. I can't find it on the web.
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prevalence

2024-04-18 23:00:54 | Vocab - local
This article reminds me Ken Loach's films. It's sad to know about poor people.

Record 3.7m workers in England will have major illness by 2040, study finds
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2024/apr/17/record-37m-workers-in-england-will-have-major-illness-by-2040-study-finds

Words
record (adj)
[Collins]You use record to say that something is higher, lower, better, or worse than has ever been achieved before.
Profits were at record levels. She won the race in record time.
deprived - [quote]Harehills, one of the most deprived areas of Leeds
deprivation -[quote] linked to geographical data to estimate the difference in diagnosed illness by level of deprivation
mortality - [quote]substantial risk of mortality, examined 1.7m GP and hospital records, alongside mortality data
arm - [Collins]An arm of an organization is a section of it that operates in a particular country or that deals with a particular activity.
ill health - [quote]They then projected how levels of ill health are predicted to change
life expectancy - [Collins]the statistically determined average number of years of life remaining after a specified age for a given group of individuals
develop - [Collins]If you develop an illness, or if it develops, you become affected by it.
prevalence < prevalent [quote]prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is four times more common in the most deprived areas than the leas
COPD - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
thrive - [quote]A healthy workforce is the backbone of any thriving economy
set to - [quote]the number of working-age people living with major illness is set to increase
potential - [quote]everyone can reach their full potential

UK or England-Wales government words
Health Foundation - The Health Foundation
Office for National Statistics - ONS
Economic inactivity - [ONS]People not in employment who have not been seeking work within the last 4 weeks and/or are unable to start work within the next 2 weeks
whole-government approach - Whole-of-government approach (WGA). - cross-government approach
NHS Providers
TUC - Trades Union Congress
Department of Health and Social Care
Back to Work Plan

Realistically speaking, it's not easy to interact with them. I always keep away from deprived areas in the UK, but I often get lost and stray into such areas. I found fly-tipping as the photo in the article in such areas.
I even stay away from certain areas in Tokyo such as the edge of Yoyogi park. I cannot be friendly to them...
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hail

2024-04-17 01:46:47 | Vocab - local
I'm extremely busy and no time for long articles. This is very easy to read, but I still don't remember some basic daily words.

Riccall: Girl, six, wakes sleeping family during home blaze
https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-york-north-yorkshire-68820964

Word
hail - A six-year-old girl hailed a hero
immensely - She was immensely brave
adjoin - the adjoining house
go off - our smoke alarms didn't go off
hardwire [Collins]to join (electrical parts) permanently
I think this is the second time to pick "attend blaze" but I couldn't find it in my blog.
[quote]Four fire engines attended the blaze at the semi-detached property[unquote]

badder is six-year old children's word - don't use it
[quote]I was getting a bit upset, because it was getting badder[unquote] I was getting,, it was getting..

It's surprising that BBC interviewed, not AP, for such a small news.
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hibernation

2024-03-10 10:09:47 | Vocab - local
I've been paying attention to the news of scary dogs and bears.
They are threats to human beings. But I like the fur colour of the Eurasian brown bear. That reminds me harmless fluffy cuddly toys.

Fears of more attacks after tourist mauled by bear while skiing
https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/north-macedonia-bears-greece-attack-b2510081.html

Word
hibernation < hibernate
[quote]Mild winters in recent years have caused bears to cut short or skip hibernation, leading to a surge in their population and increased sightings in urban areas.[unquote]
pose - pose a threat / pose a danger
[quote]A rising bear population has posed a threat to people in an area in western North Macedonia[unquote]
[quote]They pose a danger to the lives and health of the villagers, especially because there are many children[unquote]
slay - slew - slain
marsican brown bear
prolific
[quote]Amarena’s death sparked outrage from local politicians and animal rights advocates, as park rangers tried to locate her cubs amid fears for their survival[unquote]

Poor the mummy bear..
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reminisce

2024-02-23 19:11:27 | Vocab - local
I didn't know about the history of BT Tower which will be transformed into a luxury hotel.

‘I looked out and gasped’: BT Tower visitors reminisce over London landmark
https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2024/feb/22/i-looked-out-and-gasped-bt-tower-visitors-reminisce-over-london-landmark

[Word]
reminisce
gasp
whizz

BT Tower is listed Grade II. According to Wiki, there are Grade I, Grade II* and Grade II.

Tokyo Tower, built in 1958, is older than BT Tower, built in 1964. Tokyo Tower,332.9 meters, is also taller BT,189 m.
My parents took me to Tokyo Tower when I was really small, but I didn't impressed by the view, but I haven't been Acrophobia.
The tallest building which I had experienced was Tokyo Skytree, 634 meters I think the second tallest experience was Sears Tower, now Willis Tower which is 527 m. I never been to the top of The Shard,309.6 metres, yet.

I'm expecting the nostalgic revolving top restaurant in the new hotel.
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to the letter

2024-02-02 23:14:10 | Vocab - local
Finally. I'd been waited the murderers to be named. The sentence is still going on.
BBC has started to publish many articles and radio programmes. I'm going to read and listen to all.

This article summarises the murder and the murderers.
Brianna Ghey’s teenage murderers named before sentencing
https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2024/feb/02/brianna-ghey-murderers-named-sentenced-to-life-in-prison

Word
administer - administered stab wounds
token
edibles (noun)
befriend (verb)
nonce (slang)
meticulously < meticulous
to the letter
shite (informal)
lad (informal)
confront with
evidence against
joint enterprise murder
inflict
traits
warp - two warped individuals
dispensation - special dispensation
microbiology

It is new - they poisoned Brianna. The girl had a boyfriend. The two teenagers have disorders.
It sounds the girl tells lies. They are immature to blame each other. I'd say they are not regenerable because they are not normal.

Aw, it's minimum 22 and 20 years...
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