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Fermat conjecture in formalism 2

2018-09-26 10:41:29 | Mathematics
NaotoMeguro. Amateur.
MSC2010. Primary 03C62; Secondary 03C55.
Key Words and Phrases. Fermat conjecture,Beal conjecture,abc conjecture.
The abstract. Fermat conjecture and Beal conjecture and abc conjecture aren't proved
in the natural number theory in the formalism.
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Let's write ∅=0 and x∪{x}=x+1. Put p=(0∈N")∧∀x(x∈N")→(x+1∈N")) and
q=∀x((x∈N")∧(x≠0)→∃y((y∈N")∧(y+1=x))) and q"=∀x∀y((x∈N")∧(y∈N")→(x∈y)∨(x=y)∨(y∈x))
and r=∀x∀y∀z((x∈N")∧(y∈N")∧(z∈N")∧(x∈y)∧(y∈z)→(x∈z)).
Let X be a consistent and countable axiom system of the standard mathematics.
Let ∞ be the individual symbol for which 1/∞=0 ∈X and ∀x((x≥∞)→(x=∞)) ∈X
and ∞+∞=∞∈X. Let d be a free individual symbol. X doesn't include d.
Let ? be the individual symbol expressing nonsense. ∞/∞=?∈X, ∞-∞=?∈X etc..
Theorem 1. When N" is a set for which p and q and q" and r are formed,
(c∈N")∧(m∈c for ∀m∈N∪{0})⇒ 2c=∞.
Proof. 2c-1=∑m∈c 2m ≥20+21+22+…(infinitely)=s≥1.
If s≠∞, s-2s=1. s=-1 This is contradiction. So s=∞ s-2s=? 2c=∞.♦
Put p"=∀x((0∈x)∧∀y((y∈x)→(y+1∈x))→(N"⊂x)).
You may set up that p,p",q,q",r ∈X.
Theorem 2. X has a model M for which (M |= d∈N")∧(M |= m∈d for ∀m∈N∪{0}.).
Proof. X∪{d∈N",0∈d,1∈d,…,m∈d} has a model Mm for which Mm |= d=m+1
and Mm |= N"=N and is consistent for ∀m∈N∪{0}.
So X∪{d∈N",0∈d,1∈d,…(infinitely)} is consistent and has a model M.
M is a model of X and (M |= d∈N")∧(M |= m∈d for ∀m∈N∪{0}.).♦
Put FC=∀x∀y∀z∀n((x∈N")∧(y∈N")∧(z∈N")∧(n∈N")→(xn+2+yn+2≠zn+2)).
Theorem 3. ¬(X |- FC)
Proof. By theorem 1, M |= 2d+2=2d=∞ for M in theorem 2. M |= 2d+2=∞=∞+∞=2d+2+2d+2.
M |= ¬FC. ¬(X |- FC)♦
M |= 2d+2+3d+3=∞+∞=∞=5d+4. So Beal conjecture isn't proved from X.



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Fermat conjecture in the formalism

2018-09-15 11:15:58 | Mathematics
Naoto Meguro. Amateur.
MSC 2010. Primary 03C62;Secondary 03C55.
Key Words and Phrases. Fermat conjecture,Beal conjecture.
The abstract. Fermat conjecture and Beal conjecture aren't proved
in the natural number theory in the formalism.
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I prove that Fermat conjecture(FC) isn't proved in the natural number theory(NNT) in the formalism.
Beal conjecture isn't proved in it too.
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Let's write ∅=0 and x∪{x}=x+1. Let X be a countable and consistent axiom system of
the mathematics like the following. Let N" be the individual symbol for which
(1∈N")∧∀x((x∈N")→(x+1∈N")) ∈X and ∀x((1∈x)∧∀y((y∈x)→(y+1∈x))→(N"⊂x)∈X.
Let d be a free individual symbol. X doesn't include d. Assume that X doesn't include the function
symbol xy. Let ∞ be the individual symbol for which
∀x((x∈N")→(∞x=∞)) ∈X. and ∞+∞=∞ ∈X and ∞∞=∞ ∈X
Let ? be the individual symbol expressing nonsense. N"+?=?∈X etc..
And ∀x∀y((x∈N")∧(y∈N")→(x+y∈N")∧(xy∈N")∧(x+(y+1)=(x+y)+1)∧(x(y+1)=xy+x)∧(x1=x)) ∈X.
Theorem 1.X has a model M for which M |= (d∈N")∧(n≠d) for ∀n∈N∪{0}.
Proof. X∪{d∈N",0≠d, 1≠d,…,m≠d} has a model Mm for which Mm |= d=m+1 and
Mm |= N"=N and Mm |= ∞=+∞ and is consistent for ∀m∈N. So X"=X∪{d∈N",0≠d,1≠d,…(infinitely)}
is consistent and has a model M. M is a model of X and M |= (d∈N")∧(n≠d) for ∀n∈N∪{0}.♦
M |= x+1=x∪{x}∋x. Assume that M |= x∈N" and y∈N"-N for M and M |= r=x+y and M |= r"=xy.
If r∈N for M, M |= y-r-1∈N". M |= r-1=(x+y)-1=x+(y-1),…,M |= ∅=0=x+(y-r)=(x+(y-r-1))+1∋x+(y-r-1)
This is contradiction. So r∈N"-N for M.
If M |= x=1, r"=y∈N"-N for M. If M |= x≠1,r"=(x-1)y+y∈N"-N for M.
Define M" and xy by M" |= xy=the usual one when (M |= x∈N")∧(y∈N∪{0} for M) and
M" |= xy=∞ when (M |= x∈N")∧(y∈N"-N for M) or (M" |= x=∞)∧(M |= y∈N") and M" |= xy=? for the other cases
and M |= P ⇒ M"|= P. (The object domain of M" is that of M.)
If N is a set for M", M" |= N"=N but d∈N"-N for M". N isn't a set for M".
For M" and n∈N, {x|(x∈N")∧(M" |= nx≠∞)}=N isn't a set.(You cannot write M" |= nx≠∞ as a set-theoretical
logical formula.) You cannot prove M" |= ∀x((x∈N")→(nx≠∞)) by induction by the axiom of subsets.
Put Y"={∀x∀y∀z((x∈N")∧(y∈N")∧(z∈N")→(xy+z=xyxz)∧((xy)z=xyz)∧((xy)z=xzyz)),∀x((x∈N")→(x1=x))}
and Y=X∪Y". M" is a model of X"∪Y" and Y. Y is an axiom system of NNT treating the function xy.
Put FC=∀x∀y∀z∀m((x∈N")∧(y∈N")∧(z∈N")∧(m∈N")→(x2+m≠y2+m+z2+m)).
Theorem 2. ¬(Y |- FC)
Proof. M"|= d∈N", 2+d∉N for M". M" |= 22+d=∞=∞+∞=22+d+22+d. M" |= ¬FC. So ¬(Y |- FC).♦
M" |= 2d+2+3d+3=∞+∞=∞=5d+4. Beal conjecture isn't proved from Y.
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For M",{x|(x∈N")∧(x is a finite set.)}=N isn't a set.
You cannot write the proposition "x is a finite set." as a set-theoretical logical formula. You cannot formalize the
mathematics treating the direct sum and the tensor product. The known proof of FC uses these and isn't
formalized.
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About the axiom of foundation

2018-09-05 10:13:41 | Mathematics
Naoto Meguro. Amateur.
MSC2010. Primary 03C62; Secondary 03C55.
Key Words and Phrases. The axiom of foundation.
The abstract. The axiom of foundation leads contradiction in the set theory.
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I indicate that the axiom of foundation(AF) leads contradiction in the standard set theory.
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Let's write ∅=0 and x∪{x}=x+1. Let X be an axiom system of the set theory.
Let N" be an individual symbol for which (1∈N")∧∀x((x∈N")→(x+1∈N")) ∈X.
This is the axiom of infinity. You may set up that ∀x(∑m∈{x} 1=1) ∈X and
∀x∀y((x∉y)→(∑m∈y∪{x} 1=(∑m∈y 1)+1)) ∈X.
These are the definition of ∑m∈x 1. You may set up that ∀x(∑m∈N"-{x} 1=∑m∈N" 1) ∈X
for this is formed in the standard set theory for which N"=N. (∑m∈N-{x} 1=1+1+…(infinitely)=∑m∈N 1)
Put s=∑m∈N" 1.
Theorem 1. If AF∈X,X isn't consistent.
Proof. X |- s=(∑m∈N"-{1} 1)+1=(∑m∈N" 1)+1=s+1=s∪{s}. X |- s∈s. But X |- s∉s by AF.♦
Put s(x)=∑m∈x 1. s(N")=s(N"-{1})∪{s(N"-{1})}∋s(N"-{1}). Similarly, s(N"-{1})∋s(N"-{1}-{2}). You get
s(N")∋s(N"-{1})∋s(N"-{1}-{2})∋s(N"-{1}-{2}-{3})∋…(infinitely). This is contradiction by AF.
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Let's remove AF. Set up that ∀x∀y((x+1=y+1)↔(x=y))∈X instead of AF.
Put ∞={0,1,2,…(infinitely){0,1,2,…{…(infinitely)…}}}={0}∪N∪{∞}.
∞∈∞ and ∞=∞+1. 0∈1∈2∈…,∈∞
Putting N"=N and s(c)=∞ for the infinite set c,you will get a model of X. X will become consistent.
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