下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- British watercolor，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了英国的水彩画。18世纪中叶至19世纪中叶，水彩画在英国取得了巨大的成功。那时候审美方式的改变和英国人喜爱旅行的特质结合起来，导致18世纪的时候产生了前往意大利的大旅行运动，水彩风景画成为上流社会子弟的必修课，这个意义是巨大的。而从绘画材料的角度来讲，水彩画种的特质契合了社会需要。一方面，水彩属于便于携带型。另一方面，英国多雾潮湿的气候，非常适合这种绘画工具的充分发挥。
From the middle of the 18th century to the middle of the 19th century, watercolor painting made brilliant achievements in Britain, which could be attributed to the following reasons: Early settlers used watercolors to depict topographic features. As the basis of colonial expansion, it objectively promoted the development of British "topographic watercolor painting". Under the guidance of the British aesthetic concept, the revival of humanistic thought promoted the transformation of the mission of painting from serving god to serving people. The combination of the change of aesthetic mode and the characteristics of the British people's love of travel led to the "great journey" movement to Italy in the 18th century. Watercolor landscape painting became a required course for the children of the upper class, which was of great significance. From the perspective of painting materials, the characteristics of watercolor painting meet the needs of society. On the one hand, watercolor is easy to carry. On the other hand, the foggy and humid climate of Britain is very suitable for the full play of this painting tool.
Watercolor 'c' landscape painting was produced in England in the 18th and 19th centuries. British early watercolor painting is mainly applied in terrain scene of surveying and mapping, this "terrain and painting" has the characteristics of the nature of the records in the content, the nature of the terrain map landscape painting in the process of drawing gradually increased its aesthetic, so that describe the terrain and painting "is the predecessor of watercolor landscape painting, is not too much. Paul sandby made the greatest contribution to watercolor "landscape painting". He was employed by the military authorities to work on watercolor "landscape painting". In a large number of topographic painting, the nature of in-depth observation and research, he put the purpose of utilitarian topographic map watercolor painting, to praise the nature of landscape painting, established the British classical watercolor style.
In the 18th century, the "grand tour" to Italy became the most popular fashion among the British upper classes. This is of great significance to the development of British watercolor landscape painting. The "grand tour" connects England with France, Italy and Switzerland. In this process, the British truly experienced the magnificent scenery of sarvette style and the beautiful scenery of Claude style. The beautiful classical paintings brought back by the travelers quickly became popular in Britain, which deepened the understanding of the British artists on the classical landscape paintings. Also contributed to a new aesthetic taste and fashion. As a result, interest and fashion in finding or creating claude-like or sarvet-like landscapes quickly emerged within the United Kingdom. This kind of scenery which is found or created similar to the Italian classical scenery is called "picturesque". Such a shift in aesthetic approach has led to the establishment of "picturesque" styles in various visual fields.
Although the "grand tour" movement was forced to stop because of the war, its influence has been far-reaching. The "grand tour" was temporarily cut off, so that British painters began to turn their attention to the local scenery, and the selection of scenery and style of works were deeply affected by the aesthetic effect of "picturesque" theory. In the 18th and 19th centuries, "picturesque" was defined as a new aesthetic discovery.
The picturesque theory, represented by William gilpin, Richard paine Wright, and euvdal price, had similar views. Price points out that "picturesque" is characterized by "irregular ups and downs and changes" in form, color, light and line. In contrast to the enormous "magnificent" and gentle "beautiful", as the daily scenery of life "picturesque" has always been ignored, but now, people's eyes began to turn to them. In raskin's view, the art of "picturesque" concept only makes you watch, it is far away from thinking, the painter only looks at it in its own way, and then describes it according to its most moving aspect. Pure and simple painter, what he sees in natural things are the texture characteristics of objects, such as old ivy covered walls. The effect of light in reflecting the irregular appearance of an object.
"Improvement" is an important step to implement the picturesque theory into the picture. The painter will transform the part of the scenery that does not conform to the picturesque principle in sketching, so as to add some artificial picturesque beauty. The derivative change of "picturesque" theory in the 18th century is an important historical process of the transformation from classicism aesthetics to romanticism aesthetics.
The second half of the 18th century to the first half of the 19th century was a glorious period for British watercolor painting. Landscape painting and watercolor painting entered an unprecedented new climax. "Picturesque" theory plays a key role in the formation of the painter's concept and style. Here we mainly analyze the cause and development relationship between the cozens, Turner and constable, who are the representatives of the picturesque concept.
Alexander and his son John Robert Cousins were two important English landscape painters of the 18th century. Their common characteristic is to like to use brown or gray monochromatic color on paper to depict the natural scenery or the imaginary scenery in the mind. In the history of western art, the contribution of Cousins and his son is mainly reflected in two aspects: one is to break through the limitations of predecessors and emphasize "creativity". One beneficiary was constable, whose cloud painting was directly influenced by Cousins. The second is the development of the kind of unmanned landscape painting and undecorated picture effect, for the "noble" concept to make "graphic". Turner has a lot to gain from this. In particular, he created a monochrome painting with cuttlefish ink as the pigment. The form of expression is close to the ink landscape in Chinese painting, which is very Oriental.
Known as a generation of watercolor giant, little Cousins, known as "the man who used watercolor painting for poetry." He was more romantically alive than his father, and his usual technique was to outline hillsides, the sky, or chunks of rock in light brown, gray, or black before drawing clusters of leaves, meadows, houses, or people. Cozens jr. 's work influenced the work of Turner and gilding. Seeing his representative works "lake albano and the castle of gandolfo", we will have the following understanding: this is a "magnificent" scenery, but also a "beautiful" scenery. In front of such a landscape, we are likely to forget the differences between "classical", "modern" and "modern", "magnificent" and "beautiful", but think of what epton calls the "breeding ground" from which we have drifted away.
William Turner was a famous English landscape painter, famous for his depiction of the subtle relationship between light and air. Together with John constable, they were called "the two men who really made English landscape painting independent from Dutch, French or Italian painting". His special contribution in the history of art is to place landscape painting on an equal footing with historical painting and portraiture. Turner's "the Abbey of tyntern" adds some seemingly random pieces of masonry to the picture, and adds some subjective "picturesque" factors. His work the archdiocese of Canterbury is a typical landscape painting. However, it is worth noting that he carefully depicted the mottled colors on the walls, which has reflected the roughness and irregularity of the "picturesque" theory.
John constable was a pioneer of impressionism and a creative landscape painter. He is also a practitioner of the "picturesque" theory. The famous French painter delacroix said: "constable gave me a beautiful world. He freed English landscapes from the conventions and influences of Dutch, French, and Italian painting. He was like a pastoral poet. He painted large Numbers of ordinary scenes which were not taken seriously. A good illustration of the "picturesque" style. Constable was happy to choose landscapes that were "loose" and "not beautiful". Hay cart is one of constable's representative works, which is rich in color and vivid in details. The picture is a simple rural scene, the whole picture is full of bright sunshine texture and warm local flavor, like a beautiful, bright pastoral song.
Fei xiaotong proposed the "cultural consciousness" and the concept of "culture adaptation", and in view of the particularity of the contemporary world culture and art development, inevitable requirement we in keeping the national culture, on the basis of traditional art in the modern world background state and the reality of contemporary aesthetic value pluralism coexistence, break the regional scope, in the excellent cultural achievements of ethnic brothers derive elite, especially should attach great importance to the development of British watercolour significance of watercolor painting development in our country, so as to solve practical problems of art creation and research.
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