英国essay代写范文-A Social Experiment

本篇英国essay代写范文-A Social Experiment主要讲了一个人与人之间的小实验，通过这次实验，我们应该牢记公共和私人空间之间的界限，保持自己的声调，不要干扰到他人的私人空间。本篇英国essay代写由51due英国代写平台整理，供大家参考阅读。

The social norm that I chose to break was that people are supposed to sit quietly on a bus.
My experiment was singing loudly on the bus. When I sang loudly, it will affect conversation, thinking or rest of others on the buses. Thus, I invaded other people’s private space in the public places, which is seen by many people as a lack of manners and respect. Also, if people often are in a noisy environment, they are likely to have anxiety and other psychological symptoms. And the reactions of the people around me was that though nobody specifically criticized me, some people looked at me with accusations and strange air. Finally, a friend who accompanied me chose to stop my behavior. I learned from the experiment that bear in mind the line between the public and the private space, keep my voice down and do not interfere others’ private space in the public.

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英国essay代写范文-Marxism and Christianity

本篇英国essay代写范文-Marxism and Christianity探讨了马克思主义与基督教对话的可能性和意义问题。本文中使用的主要神学包括马克思恩格斯，马克斯•韦伯和马克思主义中讨论的资本主义。两校对话的讨论重点是物质主义，唯心主义，神学与无神论，阶级斗争理论。本篇英国essay代写由51due英国代写平台整理，供大家参考阅读。

This essay intends to explore the issue of the possibility and significance on the dialogue between Marxism and Christianity. The main theology used in this essay includes that of Marx and Engels, Max Weber, and capitalism which are discussed in Marxism. The discussion of the dialogue between the two schools is focused on Materialism and idealism, theism and atheism, and theory of class struggle. The methodology of the essay is to do extensive research on related works, which includes text analysis, Marxist philosophy, interdisciplinary comparative research and comparison, and history-logic consistency.
In terms of creativity, this essay breaks the ice of the current circumstance in China that there are very limited literature on the dialogue between Marxism and Christianity. In terms of interdisciplinary, this essay will compare the two schools of thoughts that are traditionally considered at the opposite of each other and discuss their similarities that had been ignored for most of the time. As a result, the Christian world will have better understanding of Marxism theory especially in countries like China. In terms of cutting-edge thoughts, this essay steps into the zone where few have ever proposed in terms of research under the circumstance that the world is going through the clash of civilizations. With proper dialogue and communication between theism and atheism, religious believers and non-believers can get rid of their stereotypes and discover more than one theology they trust in.
However, since this essay discusses the issue with creativity, interdisciplinary, and cutting-edge thoughts, there aren’t enough literature or theoretical arguments in this area for me to look into. Currently, there are limited resources on the topic of cross-school dialogues between Christianity and Marxism, and the existing literatures all tend to interpret the topic from the angle of Christianity alone, which is quite narrow. Therefore, what I intend to establish is a brand new area of research on the possibility and significance of the dialogue between Marxism and Christianity instead of a comprehensive and thorough analysis on their relations.

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英国essay代写范文-Industrialization of the piano manufacturing business

本篇英国essay代写范文-Industrialization of the piano manufacturing business讲了第四大道（现在的公园大道）的新工厂由亨利•斯坦威威开幕，表明了19世纪中期的工业化。亨利小时候从伦敦展览会回来之后，公司的主要集中在于工厂扩建和新仓库的建设。西奥多•斯坦威进行技术改进，1868年至1885年间获得了四十一项专利。本篇英国essay代写由51due英国代写平台整理，供大家参考阅读。

The industrialization of the piano manufacturing business in the 19th century
There was the desire for bigger sound and for virtuoso playing, so the industry had to develop. The opening of the new factory on Fourth Avenue (now Park Avenue) by Henry Steinways signaled industrialization in the middle of 19th century. After Henry, Jr.'s return from the London Exhibition, the major concentration of the firm was the
expansion of the factory and the construction of new warerooms. Theodore Steinway worked on technical refinements and between 1868 and 1885 he was granted forty one patents.
The evolution of the "factory" model of songwriting from the 19th century to the present
The songwriting practice was found within Aldon Music, then the Brill Building and Motown. Teams of writers were employed to produce a constant supply of songs with certain themes and components for a rapidly expanding team of performers. There is "vertical integration" and has the clear division of labor, so it is called as a "factory" model of songwriting. Later, the "factory" model was eventually achieved through Aldon's establishment of Dimension Records in 1962 and Leiber and Stoller's formation of Red Bird in 1964 with control over every aspect of the creative process and getting writing royalties from record companies.
The commercialization of sound recording in the late 19th and early 20th centuries
It is influenced by the ideology of industrial production, business, technology and mechanization. Music is made after considering how much money it can make and the potential of making money with centralized and managed structure of production .
The evolution of copyright law from 1790 to 1909
The Copyright Act of 1790 was the first federal copyright act, influenced by British Statute of Anne, confirming a term of "fourteen years since the time of recording ", with a right of renewal. It has been updated several times.
Nathan Burbank, the attorney and Victor Herbert, the composer took part in a lot of hearing. Their efforts leads to the copyright act of 1909. It gave the exclusive rights to the owners of copyright to perform for profit.
The conflict between ASCAP and radio broadcasters from the 1920s through the 1950s
In 1922, Witmarks brother, as publishers and founding members of ASCAP, failed to get fees for radio broadcaster performance by negotiation.
In 1928, ASCAP sent a formal warning about the copyright but was ignored by the hotel, which still made KWKC’s broadcast available to audience. There was a lot of litigations and appeals among ASCAP and radio broadcasters with ASCAP as final winners at the courtroom .
1923 to 1924, lobby of radio broadcasters and contingent of composers still fighted against each other.
In 1933, ASCAP accused radio broadcasters makes the sheet and record music sales decrease.
In 1940s, radio broadcasters established their own music organization to compete against ASCAP with ASCAP surrendering.
The role of gender stereotypes in marketing musical instruments
The instruments of boys are marketed as noisy, such as the trumpets and drums.Girls’ instruments are usually piano and lutes, which are quiet,and stringed instruments . Those instruments of boys usually appeared with vigorous dancers and girls’ instruments are suitable for accompanying song. The gender division of boys and girls is active instrumentals for boys and passive for girls.
The rise and fall of Black Swan Records
Black Swan Records was founded by a black man Harry Herbert Pace in 1911. It aims to connect production and consumption, and political economy and music economy. Its rise began by a national tour organized by Pace in 1921 when a lot of great master appeared and they were welcomed and continued by the issuing of a public financial statement. It falls in 1923 and 1924 as the major white companies began to compete in terms of services and prices.
The impact of piracy on the recording industry from 1950 to 2000
Due to the protection for recordings, copyright reform, and law enforcement, Americans formed a new concept that copyright is a beneficial and necessary for investment and introduced a new and expansive concept of ownership. It is a safeguard for capital investment and an impetus to economic growth, and good for the health development of the sound recording industry.
lawsuit
Bridgeport Music v. Dimension Films
Four plaintiffs: Bridgeport Music, Inc., Westbound Records, Inc., Southfield Music, Inc., and Nine Records, Inc.
Defendant: No Limit Films.
The reason is the copyright infringement claims of sound track of the movie I Got
the Hook Up of No Limit Films.
Result: No infringement of its sound recording copyright of No Limit Films ,
The award of attorney fees to No Limit Films
Significance: new rule about infringement of sound record is added
Grand Upright Music v. Warner Bros.
Plaintiff: Grand Upright Music
Defendant: Warner Bros
Reason: the copyright infringement claims against rap artists’incorporation of piece of artist’record into rap recording
Result: preliminary injunction against copyright infringement is granted
Significance: This case will be considered by the United States attorney for the prosecution of defendants of similar situation, namely 17 U.S.A 506 and 18 U.S.A 2319.
plaintiffs: composers owns the copyright of a lyric comedy in which a march called "From Maine to Oregon;
Herbert, composers and owners of a comic opera entitled "Sweethearts“
defendant : Vanderbilt hotel
Shanley Compan
Reason: hotel company performed a march called "From Maine to Oregon to entertain guests
Shanley Company contains a song of "Sweethearts“in the performance
Result；injunction against copyright infringement is not granted as the plaintiffs' rights were limited to the separate copyright and copyright for the opera and for the song is separate.
Significance: it solved the problem that whether a copyrighted musical composition played in a restaurant or hotel which did not charge the listeners will infringe the exclusive copyright of owner to perform the work publicly for profit.
Newton v. Diamond
Plaintiff--- James W. Newton
defendant--- Beastie Boys.
reasons : The center of dispute is that Beastie Boys obtained a license to sample the sound recording of Newton, but they did not obtain a license to use Newton's underlying composition( Beastie Boys added a short segment of a musical recording of "Choir” created by James W. Newton into their new musical recording, which is called "sampling).
Result: This is overruled for two reasons: the notes in question lacked sufficient originality to merit copyright; even if the sampled segment of the composition were original, Beastie Boys' use of a brief segment of the sound recording of "Choir" was a de minimis use of the "Choir" composition.
Significance: it raises the difficult and important issue of whether the practice of "sampling," requires a license to use both the performance and the composition of the original recording.
White-Smith v. Apollo
appellee/defendant:Apollo
Plaintiff---: Adam Geibel
reasons : Adam Geibel, composer of two musical compositions, published in the form of sheet music. Apollo is a musical instruments manufacturer of instruments for perforated rolls. It is said that its rolls reproduce the melody of music copyrighted by Geibel.
Result: dismissing the bills of the Plaintiff as the rights of using mechanism for the production of sounds or music is not exclusive to the plaintiffs
Significance: there is rapid development of such instruments and the use of such musical rolls at that time in the United States and abroad. So it is important to confirm the rights of manufacturer of instruments and composer and publisher.
Ephemeral Music: Napster's Congressional Testimony"
It is a testimony of Shawn Fanning, founder of Napster, inc. He talked about where the idea of Napster come from, the technology used in Napster and the potential of peer-to-peer technology. Napster is a real-time system for locating MP3 files with chat rooms and instant messaging. Thus, Napster offers opportunities for people to decide how they use it and get involved in the community. Napster is based on the peer-to-peer technology, which makes the Internet much faster and more efficient.
"The Menace of Mechanical Music"
John Philip Sousa, as an alarmist, comments on the harm to American musical art. He talked about deterioration in American music and musical taste with less and less music of expression of soul states and more and more music-reproducing machines. He criticized the commercial pursuit, decline in domestic music, serious infringement and the ambiguities of law.
"The Phonograph and Its Future"
Edison sketched the solution of certain problems accomplished
by his invention--- The Phonograph in the form of answers and questions and predicted some of the uses to which it
would be put, such as of Phonographic Books and usical-Boxes, Toys, etc.
"Striking the Jolly Roger"
Plaintiffs: Columbia Records Inc. and Louis Armstrong.
Defendant: Paradox Industries
Columbia Records Inc reissued some of Louis
Reasons: Armstrong’s early recordings and found that some of the same records were already being sold by an obscure company called Paradox Industries, under the label "Jolly Roger." Bolletino, owner of Paradox Industries admitted that he had pressed from the original Columbia-owned records but he had violated no law, since copyrights do not cover records. So Columbia based its suit on "invasion of property rights," and Armstrong based his on an "invasion of privacy".
Results:Pirating has been given a big boost by magnetic-tape recording equipment

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英国essay代写范文-Christianity and Confucianism in Chinese history originates

本篇英国essay代写范文-Christianity and Confucianism in Chinese history originates讲了不同的学者对基督教与儒家思想的相互作用有不同的看法。更具体地说，上帝的观念和献祭的观点表明，中国历史上第一次深层次融合和基督教与儒家思想的冲突源于这两种宗教对“上帝”和“牺牲”。详细的情况是，一方面，一批以利玛窦为代表的人士认为，孔子学院倡导的五经典中的“神”，“天”和“圣”都可以用来解释上帝在基督教中的观念。本篇英国essay代写由51due英国代写平台整理，供大家参考阅读。

It can be easily found that different scholars have different ideas toward the interaction between Christianity and Confucianism. To put it more specifically, Conception of God and View of Offering Sacrifice indicates that the first deep fusion and serious conflict of Christianity and Confucianism in Chinese history originates from the similarities and differences in the opinions of those two religions toward both “God” and “sacrifice”. The detailed case is that on one hand, a group of people with Matteo Ricci as representative hold that “God”, “Heaven” and “Saint” in Five Classics advocated by the Confucian School can be used to interpret the idea of God in Christianity (Matteo Ricci. 2001). And this group of people insists that the expression of gratitude, respect and remembrance toward three virtues and three sacrifices in Confucianism is the same as trinity in Christianity. The aforementioned three virtues are the containing of heaven and earth, the education of saints and the birth and nurturing of ancestors and three sacrifices are respectively heaven and earth, Confucius together with ancestors. However, on the other hand, another group of people with Nicholas Longobardi as representative disagrees with that the similarities of Christianity and Confucianism and they put forward that those two different religions have different degrees of understanding toward their own proposals even if they both have three kinds of sacrifice.
Moreover, Hong Xiuquan and Sun Zhongshan have different application forms of Christianity and Confucianism. Detailed speaking, Hong Xiuquan and Sun Zhongshan are modern Chinese democratic revolution leaders so that they both arm people with thoughts from Christianity and Confucianism, hoping that they can update the old to the new. Hong Xiuquan, born on Jan. 1st, 1814 and died on June 1st, 1864, was one that had absorbed the equal thoughts of early Christian doctrines but his thoughts were greatly influenced by feudal ideology at the same time. Later, he had led the Taiping Movement which had swept over half of China so as to exert profound impacts toward the Qing dynasty and even the entire modern history. As for Hong Xiuquan, he focuses on Christianity as the packaging of folk religion and autocracy while contents about folk religion and autocracy are still old as a matter of fact (Xiuquan, Hong. 1985).
When it comes to Sun Zhongshan, he was born in 1866 and died in 1925 that had been regarded as a great democratic revolution forerunner of China in modern times. He is the first one to heave the banners of thorough feudalism so as to drive people to rebel against feudalism at that time. In addition, he places high emphasis on Confucianism to accommodate with Three Principles of the People and “knowing difficulty and acting easily” (Zhongshan, Sun. 1981-1986). From this, we can have a fair knowledge that what Sun Zhongshan proposes is new information though he bases new information on traditional Confucianism. It can be easily predicted that the difference between Hong Xiuquan and Sun Zhongshan is that Hong Xiuquan packages old information with new Christianity while Sun Zhongshan puts forward with new information based on traditional Confucianism.
Then what follows will be the comparison of Doctrine of Original Sin and Doctrine of Good Human Nature. In this case, Doctrine of Original Sin is what has circulated in Christianity among European countries and Doctrine of Good Human Nature is the nuclear concept of Confucianism in China. As a matter of fact, Doctrine of Original Sin and Doctrine of Good Human Nature are two reverse illustrating theories toward human nature and their basic difference lies in their starting point. Doctrine of Original Sin is god-based and it aims to show the love and favor of God while Doctrine of Good Human Nature is people-oriented which emphasizes the love of human beings whose significance is benevolence and righteousness. As a result, Doctrine of Original Sin brings out a set of heteronomous ethics during the process of divine love saving people from original sin. While Doctrine of Good Human Nature derives a set of self-discipline ethics out of the whole process of the love of human nature leading good deeds. If we take a philosophical point of view, we can say that Doctrine of Original Sin is one kind of theological ethics and Doctrine of Good Human Nature can be deemed as moral theology.
With the comparison of Doctrine of Original Sin and Doctrine of Good Human Nature being stated at length in the above, what will be compared next are Concept of Afterlife and View of Present Life. Concept of Afterlife and View of Present Life are believed to be the evitable problems that all religions have to face if they would like to tackle all the issues that will matter people’s settling down in real life. There is no doubt that Christianity and Confucianism are also included within. Basically, Christianity priors Concept of Afterlife and it hopes to pursue the complete liberation of individual spirit via the power of religion. But what has to be pointed out is that Christians are also required to deal with problems in present life properly. Talking about Confucianism, it lays higher significance on View of Present Life and it is determined to achieve full success of the crowd due to the work of education. Accordingly, Confucians will also take the issue of future generations into account. According to this, Christianity and Confucianism both cares about afterlife and present life and their difference is their different emphasis on afterlife and present life and their different root when choosing between afterlife and present life.
Speaking of the interaction between Christianity and Confucianism, it can not be hard to find that the existence of Christianity has also benefited more or less toward the improvement of Confucianism, Kang Youwei and Tan Sitong being two typical characters of better promoting the spirit of Confucianism when confronted with Christianity. These two people take Confucianism as the body and Christianity as assistance and they have raised the thoughts of “Datong” and “benevolence” staring from Confucianism. They two have updated the philosophical connotations of traditional Confucianism so that Confucianism is able to survive in a broader cultural background and a higher theoretical platform.
To sum up, what is new in my argument is that I have paid attention to the mutual benefits between Christianity and Confucianism while many previous scholars emphasize more on the differences between Christianity and Confucianism.

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英国essay代写范文-First Impression under Halo Effec

本篇英国essay代写范文-First Impression under Halo Effec讲了光环效应近年来存在于人们的思想中，吸引力在光环效应下的某些特质和有利品质促使人们对别人进行评价。人们有一个趋势，积极评论他们感受和反对的有魅力的人物。本篇英国essay代写由51due英国代写平台整理，供大家参考阅读。

Abstract
The study concentrates on whether halo effect exists in people’s mind in recent years or not and explore how attractiveness make differences under the halo effect. The current study predicted that a) The woman in Photo A was perceived more attractive than another women in Photo B, b) The participants would give better and higher comments to the other subordinate traits of attractive person than the less attractive person, c) wearing glasses would make the same person become more intelligent in the eyes of participants. The current study collected participant ratings on 22 traits, but only included 5 of those traits in the analysis. Data were collated and analyzed by the teaching team using SPSS Statistics. T-tests as the independent measures t-tests to check out results whether significant or not. The results suggest that halo effect exists in people’s mind in recent years and attractiveness as certain traits and favorable quality under the halo effect promotes people to rate others. People have a trend to give active comment on attractive person they perceived and vice verse.
Key Words ：Halo effect, attractiveness, first impression, quick appraisal
Introduction
Edward Thorndike, a famous American psychologist, firstly put forward to halo effect in the 1920s. The halo effect belongs to the psychology category and it is one of the classic psychology phenomenons. Halo effect refers to a kind of exaggerated social impression forms in the process of interpersonal interaction. It just likes the light of sun and moon expands to the surroundings on the effect of clouds and forms a kind of aura effect. It usually performs the initial impression of a person to another which depends on his general view. As a matter of fact, halo effect owns close relationship with the first impression.
Compared with other peripheral traits in the interactions, physically appearance as an certain trait in quick appraisal is far easier to discern people’s other traits to gain the whole impression in the first impression. Judging a person’s qualities and personalities by glancing at others’ physically appearance help people shortly identify others in interactions. Besides, people prefer to believing what they saw rather than spending long time to learn about others thoughtfully due to the former perceptive process is more convenient. Attractiveness as a favorable quality of the physically appearance make people trust that an attractive person naturally owns other active traits such as successful, ambitious, intelligence and popular. The less attractive person may perceive to owns some undesirable traits. This psychological phenomenon was the famous halo effect. However, halo effect can cause people to make inaccurate and subject impression in the process of perceiving others’ traits. Asch, Dion, Harries and other authors had explored halo effect before 21 century. Halo effect is available among people in modern society. Leaning about and exploring this social phenomenon for studying social psychology of individual and group is very meaningful. The current study designed to determine whether halo effect exists in people’s mind in recent years or not and explore how attractiveness make differences under the halo effect.
First of all, the current study put forward an argument that halo effect exist in people’s mind in recent years and halo effect are likely to push people to use stereotype subconsciously to comment other and form basic impression. The attractiveness as an important and favorable quality which are easier discern in the interaction, so it often be used to ascertain traits to depend on other traits of a person. The partly observation and conclusion may not accurate and practical but most of people prefer to using it rather than spending longer time to observe a person and gain a whole impression.
Since the halo effect raised by Thorndike, a good deal of worldwide psychologists aimed at this interesting psychological phenomenon made lots of researches and investigations to consider and explore it thoughtfully. Central traits affect the comment on other traits. Attractiveness as a certain traits influences people judgment on a person’s other traits.( Asch, 1946 p. 258). In What Is Beautiful Is Good, Dion found that stereotype not only existed on attractive people but also existed less attractive person (Dion, 1972 p. 290). Based on Dion research, Harris found that the same less attractive person wore glasses also can as attractiveness to affect other traits (Harries, 1982 p. 516 ). The past research was very detailed and rich, but social psychology developed along with the progress of human civilization and the changes of social environment. Halo effect as one of social psychology can not limit at the previous work but bases on the previous work to explore the changes of halo effect combined with characteristics of the times. Here, the current study bases on previous research and puts forward to three hypotheses. Then the current study would confirm whether these hypotheses supported or not.
Method
Participants
There were 598 participants who were all first year Deakin psych students voluntarily took part in the study. The sum of them were 598, the ratio of participants were 116:482 male to female.Their age rang of seventeen to seventy-one.The standard deviation is equal to 8.91 years and the means is equal to 23.74 years.
Materials
There was a questionnaire which provided to the participants. The questionnaire consists of three photos and respectively named Photo A, Photo B and Photo C. The questionnaire contained a facial image of a fictional person called Linda and asked the participants to fill out a questionnaire regarding the image.
Procedure
The photo named Linda would be provided for the participants of the study. They make quick appraisal base on the first impression of the photo. The left list of the table are some different traits of Linda, and participants should give the accordingly marks to describe their impression on Linda. There are total 22 questions on the questionnaire but in order to make more accurate and scientific statistics and analysis, the current study only aim at five traits ( Attractive, Ambitious, Successful, Intelligent and Popular).
Results
Mean ratings on socially desirable traits for the three photos are presented below. See Table 1 for Photo A and B ratings, and Table 2 for Photo B and C ratings.
The research question1 was that see if the women in Photo A in the impression of participants would regarded as more attractive than another women in Photo B. To solve this question, the minimummark is one point meaning not at all, and maximum mark is seven point meaning a lot. Mean ratings for attractiveness are included in Table 1 which is presented below. If Photo A was rated as being more attractive it allowed the current study to further rate Photo A and Photo B on other socially desirable traits. The t-tests as independent measures aim to determine whether the results of study were significant or not.
The research question 2 was that see if the participants would give better and higher comments to the other subordinate traits of attractive person than the less attractive person. To answer the second question the current study compared the results of Photo A and Photo B on four additional socially desirable traits. These were Popular, Ambitious, Successful and Intelligent. Mean ratings are presented in Table 1 below. The t-tests as independent measures aim to determine whether the results of study were significant or not.
Table 1
Mean Difference Scores for Photo A and Photo B on Attractiveness, Popularity, Ambition, Success, and Intelligence
Photo APhoto B
TraitMSDMSD
Attractive5.261.103.681.43
Popular4.461.023.271.00
Ambitious5.310.984.711.23
Successful5.510.884.671.06
Intelligent5.910.925.310.97
From Table 1, the current study could find that the mean scores of Photo A is 5.26 and the mean scores of Photo B is 3.68. Hence, the former is higher than the latter. That means the woman in Photo A was perceived more attractive than another women in Photo B among participants’ judgment. Consequently, the current study made use of t-tests as independent measures to determine the result was significant or not. Attractive: t(351) = 12.31, p<.05. The t-tests confirmed that the difference between the data in Table 1 was significant. In other words, there is a difference in the mean score on the DV for the two groups. Let us return the previous hypotheses. The first hypotheses assumed the woman in Photo A was perceived more attractive than another women in Photo B. The means for each group are significant results in the direction the current study predicted. Therefore, the first hypothesis is supported.
Let us look back the Table 1 other four traits, the current study uses an independent measures t-test to see if the result was significant. Popular: t(404) = 11.84, p<.05. Ambitious: t(359) = 5.46, p<.05. Success: t(363) = 8.60, p<.05. Intelligent (Photo A vs Photo B): t(404) = 6.49, p<.05.
There were differences between the Photo A group mean scores and the Photo B group mean scores in regards to popular, ambitious, intelligent and successful. The current study made use of t-tests as independent measures to determine that the difference between the data in Table 1 was significant.
The second hypothesis assumed that participants would give better and higher comments to the other subordinate traits of attractive person than the less attractive person. According to the survey data in the Table 1, the current study could observe that Photo A was perceived to be more attractive than the Photo B. As a result, the mean scores of popular of Photo A were 4.46 which higher than the Photo B which was 3.27. The mean scores of ambitious of Photo B were 5.31 which higher than the Photo B which was 4.71. The mean scores of successful of Photo B were 5.51 which higher than the Photo B which was 4.67. The mean scores of intelligent of Photo B were 5.91 which higher than the Photo B which were 5.31. Therefore, the current study could said that participants would give better and higher comments to the other subordinate traits of attractive person than the less attractive person. And the second hypothesis is supported.
Table 2
Mean Difference Scores for Photos B and C on Intelligence
Intelligence
PhotoMSD
Photo B5.310.95
Photo C5.870.97
From Table 2, the current study could find that the mean scores of Photo C is 5.87 and the mean scores of Photo B is 5.31. Hence, the former is higher than the latter. That means wearing glasses would make the same person become more intelligent in the eyes of participants. Consequently, the current study uses an independent measures t-test to see if the result was significant. Intelligent (Photo B vs Photo C): t(377) = 5.74, p<.05. The current study made use of t-tests as independent measures to determine that the difference between the data in Table 2 was significant. The third hypotheses assumed that wearing glasses would make the same person become more intelligent in the eyes of participants. The means for each group are significant results in the direction the current study predicted. Therefore, the third hypothesis is supported.
Discussion
The study aims to determine whether halo effect exists in people’s mind in recent years or not and explore how attractiveness make differences under the halo effect. In terms of results, the three hypotheses supported. That indicates that halo effect is based on the previous research exists in people’s mind now and people put the attractiveness as certain traits to make influence other traits of a person.
Compared with those other past surveys, the current study had more participants and more personality attributes. That could gain relatively objective and comprehensive survey data to analysis the relationship between attractive and halo effect. The participants past research finished before 21 century and the current study made in 2016, the times,social environment and people’s psychology are different from people now. The degree of halo effect maybe changes.
The participants were all ll first year Deakin psych students who learned about more or less social psychology, and they were males and females aged from 17-71 years, but the stereotypes also exist on their mind, and attractiveness as central traits have a trend to affect the person to appraise others’ traits of first impression The limitations in the current study can affect the result of current study. The way of thinking, perception and psychology exists a little difference. The percentages of men and women in the current study were one in fourth. That means females are far more than males. Although the participants saw the same materials, the current study could not exclude the probability that when the numbers of males increase to as the females, the results would appear another conditions. The degree of halo effect may strengthen or weaken. Because the material are females, and if the current study changed females into males, the results may appear another phenomenon.
In a word, Halo effect is available in recent years and halo effect are likely to push people to use stereotype subconsciously to comment other and form basic impression. The attractiveness as an important and favorable quality which are easier discern in the interaction, so it often be used to as certain traits to depend on other traits of a person. The partly observation and conclusion may not accurate and practical but most of people prefer to using it rather than spending longer time to observe a person and gain a whole impression. The future research need to concentrate on whether people would reconstruct impression or not when they find that their first impression and judgment are not accurate. Whether people would consciously appraise others avoid or resist the halo effect at the next time interactions or not.
Reference list
Asch, S.E. F orming i mpressions of p ersonality. Journal of Abnormal and S ocial Psychology (1946) , 41 , 258 - 290.
Dion, K aren ., Berscheid, E llen . , & Walster, E laine . (1972). W hat is beautiful is g ood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 24(3), pp. 285 - 290.
Harris, M.B., Harris, R.J., & Bochner, S. (1982). Fat, four - eyed and female: stereotypes of obesity, glasses and gender. Journal of Applied Psychology, v 12, 503 - 513.

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