高大連携情報誌
高大連携情報誌 『大学受験ニュース』（ブログ版）
検索の達人
【University of Cambridge】
University of Cambridge
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Latin: Universitas Cantabrigiensis
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Motto: Hinc lucem et pocula sacra (Latin)
Motto in English: From here, light and sacred draughts (literal)
From this place, we gain enlightenment and precious knowledge (non-literal)
Established: c. 1209
Type: Public
Endowment: £4.1 billion (2006, incl. colleges)[1]
Chancellor: HRH The Duke of Edinburgh
Vice-Chancellor: Professor Alison Richard
Staff: 8,614[2]
Students: 18,396[3]
Undergraduates: 12,018[3]
Postgraduates: 6,378[3]
Location: Cambridge, England
Colours: Cambridge Blue[4]
Athletics: The Sporting Blue
Affiliations: Russell Group
Coimbra Group
EUA
LERU
IARU
Website: http://www.cam.ac.uk
The University of Cambridge (often Cambridge University), located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world. It is regarded as one of the world's leading academic institutions. The name is sometimes abbreviated as Cantab. in post-nominals, a shortened form of Cantabrigiensis (an adjective derived from Cantabrigia, the Latinised form of Cambridge).
The University grew out of an association of scholars in the city of Cambridge that was formed, early records suggest, in 1209 by scholars leaving Oxford after a dispute with local townsfolk there.[5] The universities of Oxford and Cambridge are often jointly referred to as Oxbridge. In addition to cultural and practical associations as a historic part of English society, the two universities also have a long history of rivalry with each other.
The University of Cambridge is a member of the Russell Group, a network of research-led British universities; the Coimbra Group, an association of leading European universities; the League of European Research Universities; and the International Alliance of Research Universities. It is also considered part of the "Golden Triangle", a geographical concentration of UK university research.
Academically, Cambridge is consistently ranked in the world's top 5 universities.[6][7] It has traditionally been an academic institution of choice of the Royal Family (King Edward VII, King George VI, Prince Henry of Gloucester, Prince William of Gloucester and Edinburgh and Prince Charles were all undergraduates) and has produced 82 Nobel Laureates to date, more than any other university according to some counts.
Contents [hide]
1 History
1.1 Foundation of the Colleges
1.2 Mathematics
1.3 Contributions to the advancement of science
1.4 Women’s education
2 Organisation
2.1 Central administration
2.1.1 The Chancellor and Vice-Chancellor
2.1.2 The Senate and the Regent House
2.1.3 The Council and the General Board
2.2 Colleges
2.3 Research and teaching
2.4 Finances
3 Reputation
3.1 League Table Rankings
4 Admissions
5 Notable Alumni
6 Sport and other extracurricular activities
7 Myths, legends and traditions
8 Miscellaneous
9 Cambridge University in literature and popular culture
9.1 Fiction
9.2 Non-fiction
10 University activities
10.1 History and traditions
10.2 Organisations and institutions associated with the university
10.3 See also
11 References
12 External links
12.1 Images and maps links
[edit] History
Roger of Wendover wrote that the University of Cambridge could trace its origins to a crime committed in 1209. Although not always a reliable source, the detail given in his contemporaneous writings lends them credence. Two Oxford scholars were convicted of the murder or manslaughter of a woman and were hanged by the town authorities with the assent of the King. In protest at the hanging, the University of Oxford went into voluntary suspension, and scholars migrated to a number of other locations, including the pre-existing school at Cambridge (Cambridge had been recorded as a “school” rather than university when John Grim held the office of Master there in 1201). These post-graduate researchers from Oxford started Cambridge’s life as a university in 1209. Cambridge’s status as a university is further confirmed by a decree in 1233 from Pope Gregory IX which awarded the ius non trahi extra (a form of legal protection) to the chancellor and universitas of scholars at Cambridge. After Cambridge was described as a studium generale in a letter by Pope Nicholas IV in 1290, and confirmed as such in a bull by Pope John XXII in 1318, it became common for researchers from other European medieval universities to come and visit Cambridge to study or to give lecture courses.[8]
[edit] Foundation of the Colleges
Clare College (left) and King’s College Chapel (centre), built between 1446-1515Cambridge’s colleges were originally an incidental feature of the system. No college is as old as the university itself. The colleges were endowed fellowships of scholars. There were also institutions without endowments, called hostels. The hostels were gradually absorbed by the colleges over the centuries, but they have left some indicators of their time, such as the name of Garret Hostel Lane.
Hugh Balsham, Bishop of Ely, founded Peterhouse in 1284, Cambridge’s first college. Many colleges were founded during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, but colleges continued to be established throughout the centuries to modern times, although there was a gap of 204 years between the founding of Sidney Sussex in 1596 and Downing in 1800. The most recent college established is Robinson, built in the late 1970s. However, Hughes Hall only achieved full university college status in April 2007, making it the newest full college.[9]
In medieval times, colleges were founded so that their students would pray for the souls of the founders. For that reason they were often associated with chapels or abbeys. A change in the colleges’ focus occurred in 1536 with the dissolution of the monasteries. King Henry VIII ordered the university to disband its Faculty of Canon Law and to stop teaching “scholastic philosophy”. In response, colleges changed their curricula away from canon law and towards the classics, the Bible, and mathematics.
[edit] Mathematics
From the time of Isaac Newton in the later 17th century until the mid-19th century, the university maintained a strong emphasis on mathematics. Study of this subject was compulsory for graduation, and students were required to take an exam for the Bachelor of Arts degree, the main first degree at Cambridge in both arts and science subjects. This exam is known as a Tripos.
Students awarded first-class honours after completing the mathematics Tripos were named wranglers. The Cambridge Mathematical Tripos was competitive and helped produce some of the most famous names in British science, including James Clerk Maxwell, Lord Kelvin, and Lord Rayleigh. However, some famous students, such as G. H. Hardy, disliked the system, feeling that people were too interested in accumulating marks in exams and not interested in the subject itself.
Although diversified in its research and teaching interests, Cambridge today maintains its strength in mathematics. The Isaac Newton Institute, part of the university, is widely regarded as the UK’s national research institute for mathematics and theoretical physics. Cambridge alumni have won eight Fields Medals and one Abel Prize for mathematics. The University also runs a special Certificate of Advanced Studies in Mathematics course.
[edit] Contributions to the advancement of science
Many of the most important scientific discoveries and revolutions were made by Cambridge alumni. These include:
Understanding the scientific method, by Francis Bacon
The laws of motion, by Sir Isaac Newton
The discovery of the electron, by J. J. Thomson
The splitting of the atom by Sir John Cockcroft and Ernest Walton
The unification of electromagnetism, by James Clerk Maxwell
The discovery of hydrogen, by Henry Cavendish
Evolution by natural selection, by Charles Darwin
The Turing machine, a basic model for computation, by Alan Turing
The structure of DNA, by Francis Crick and James D. Watson
ハーバード大学・東京大学・早稲田大学・京都大学・慶応義塾大学・Oxford大学
ケンブリッジ大学・東北大学・九州大学・名古屋大学・大阪大学・新潟大学
【高大連携情報誌「大学受験ニュース」（ブログ版）発信中！
ポータルサイト 検索（情報）の達人 ＩＴ事典（書物・人物・他：文学作品）
高大連携情報誌「大学受験ニュース」
236-0038 横浜市金沢区六浦南2－27－18－201 調べもの新聞編集室
nakamurayoshio@gmail.com TEL＆FAX 045-701-6113
オープンキャンパス（大学・高校・中学）の取材にお伺いします。（無料）
当日のイベント情報を
高大連携（こうだい・れんけい）情報誌「大学受験ニュース（ブログ版）」にて
全国に発信します！！！
紙媒体の高大連携情報誌「大学受験ニュース」もおつくりします。
（全国のオープンキャンパスにて、受験生に配布します。）
見本誌（紙媒体）をお送りします。（無料）
nakamurayoshio@gmail.com TEL＆FAX 045-701-6113
(Ａ４の２つ折：Ａ５の４Ｐ）共通記事（１～３Ｐ）と▲▲▲大学記事（４Ｐ）で構成。
調べもの文庫 大学受験の基礎知識 ▲学部（▲学部を持つ日本の大学）
調べもの文庫 大学受験の基礎知識 ▲▲県（▲▲県の大学一覧）
調べもの文庫 大学受験の基礎知識 ▲▲▲大学のオープンキャンパス
調べもの文庫 大学受験の基礎知識 取得資格の一覧（▲▲▲大学・▲学部）
調べもの文庫 大学受験の基礎知識 名作文庫（▲▲県）▲▲▲大学
調べもの文庫 大学受験の基礎知識 ▲▲▲大学への道 （入試日程・資料請求）
【高大連携情報誌「大学受験ニュース」（ブログ版）発信中！
【正会員募集！】
調べもの新聞編集室では、
隔月刊「大学受験ニュース」（紙媒体）の発行と
ブログ版高大連携情報誌（「大学受験ニュース」毎日更新）の全国発信をしております。
正会員（大学・高校・中学：塾・予備校：教育関係出版社） 年会費（１８０００円）
高大連携情報誌 『大学受験ニュース』（ブログ版）
検索の達人
【University of Cambridge】
University of Cambridge
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Latin: Universitas Cantabrigiensis
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Motto: Hinc lucem et pocula sacra (Latin)
Motto in English: From here, light and sacred draughts (literal)
From this place, we gain enlightenment and precious knowledge (non-literal)
Established: c. 1209
Type: Public
Endowment: £4.1 billion (2006, incl. colleges)[1]
Chancellor: HRH The Duke of Edinburgh
Vice-Chancellor: Professor Alison Richard
Staff: 8,614[2]
Students: 18,396[3]
Undergraduates: 12,018[3]
Postgraduates: 6,378[3]
Location: Cambridge, England
Colours: Cambridge Blue[4]
Athletics: The Sporting Blue
Affiliations: Russell Group
Coimbra Group
EUA
LERU
IARU
Website: http://www.cam.ac.uk
The University of Cambridge (often Cambridge University), located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world. It is regarded as one of the world's leading academic institutions. The name is sometimes abbreviated as Cantab. in post-nominals, a shortened form of Cantabrigiensis (an adjective derived from Cantabrigia, the Latinised form of Cambridge).
The University grew out of an association of scholars in the city of Cambridge that was formed, early records suggest, in 1209 by scholars leaving Oxford after a dispute with local townsfolk there.[5] The universities of Oxford and Cambridge are often jointly referred to as Oxbridge. In addition to cultural and practical associations as a historic part of English society, the two universities also have a long history of rivalry with each other.
The University of Cambridge is a member of the Russell Group, a network of research-led British universities; the Coimbra Group, an association of leading European universities; the League of European Research Universities; and the International Alliance of Research Universities. It is also considered part of the "Golden Triangle", a geographical concentration of UK university research.
Academically, Cambridge is consistently ranked in the world's top 5 universities.[6][7] It has traditionally been an academic institution of choice of the Royal Family (King Edward VII, King George VI, Prince Henry of Gloucester, Prince William of Gloucester and Edinburgh and Prince Charles were all undergraduates) and has produced 82 Nobel Laureates to date, more than any other university according to some counts.
Contents [hide]
1 History
1.1 Foundation of the Colleges
1.2 Mathematics
1.3 Contributions to the advancement of science
1.4 Women’s education
2 Organisation
2.1 Central administration
2.1.1 The Chancellor and Vice-Chancellor
2.1.2 The Senate and the Regent House
2.1.3 The Council and the General Board
2.2 Colleges
2.3 Research and teaching
2.4 Finances
3 Reputation
3.1 League Table Rankings
4 Admissions
5 Notable Alumni
6 Sport and other extracurricular activities
7 Myths, legends and traditions
8 Miscellaneous
9 Cambridge University in literature and popular culture
9.1 Fiction
9.2 Non-fiction
10 University activities
10.1 History and traditions
10.2 Organisations and institutions associated with the university
10.3 See also
11 References
12 External links
12.1 Images and maps links
[edit] History
Roger of Wendover wrote that the University of Cambridge could trace its origins to a crime committed in 1209. Although not always a reliable source, the detail given in his contemporaneous writings lends them credence. Two Oxford scholars were convicted of the murder or manslaughter of a woman and were hanged by the town authorities with the assent of the King. In protest at the hanging, the University of Oxford went into voluntary suspension, and scholars migrated to a number of other locations, including the pre-existing school at Cambridge (Cambridge had been recorded as a “school” rather than university when John Grim held the office of Master there in 1201). These post-graduate researchers from Oxford started Cambridge’s life as a university in 1209. Cambridge’s status as a university is further confirmed by a decree in 1233 from Pope Gregory IX which awarded the ius non trahi extra (a form of legal protection) to the chancellor and universitas of scholars at Cambridge. After Cambridge was described as a studium generale in a letter by Pope Nicholas IV in 1290, and confirmed as such in a bull by Pope John XXII in 1318, it became common for researchers from other European medieval universities to come and visit Cambridge to study or to give lecture courses.[8]
[edit] Foundation of the Colleges
Clare College (left) and King’s College Chapel (centre), built between 1446-1515Cambridge’s colleges were originally an incidental feature of the system. No college is as old as the university itself. The colleges were endowed fellowships of scholars. There were also institutions without endowments, called hostels. The hostels were gradually absorbed by the colleges over the centuries, but they have left some indicators of their time, such as the name of Garret Hostel Lane.
Hugh Balsham, Bishop of Ely, founded Peterhouse in 1284, Cambridge’s first college. Many colleges were founded during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, but colleges continued to be established throughout the centuries to modern times, although there was a gap of 204 years between the founding of Sidney Sussex in 1596 and Downing in 1800. The most recent college established is Robinson, built in the late 1970s. However, Hughes Hall only achieved full university college status in April 2007, making it the newest full college.[9]
In medieval times, colleges were founded so that their students would pray for the souls of the founders. For that reason they were often associated with chapels or abbeys. A change in the colleges’ focus occurred in 1536 with the dissolution of the monasteries. King Henry VIII ordered the university to disband its Faculty of Canon Law and to stop teaching “scholastic philosophy”. In response, colleges changed their curricula away from canon law and towards the classics, the Bible, and mathematics.
[edit] Mathematics
From the time of Isaac Newton in the later 17th century until the mid-19th century, the university maintained a strong emphasis on mathematics. Study of this subject was compulsory for graduation, and students were required to take an exam for the Bachelor of Arts degree, the main first degree at Cambridge in both arts and science subjects. This exam is known as a Tripos.
Students awarded first-class honours after completing the mathematics Tripos were named wranglers. The Cambridge Mathematical Tripos was competitive and helped produce some of the most famous names in British science, including James Clerk Maxwell, Lord Kelvin, and Lord Rayleigh. However, some famous students, such as G. H. Hardy, disliked the system, feeling that people were too interested in accumulating marks in exams and not interested in the subject itself.
Although diversified in its research and teaching interests, Cambridge today maintains its strength in mathematics. The Isaac Newton Institute, part of the university, is widely regarded as the UK’s national research institute for mathematics and theoretical physics. Cambridge alumni have won eight Fields Medals and one Abel Prize for mathematics. The University also runs a special Certificate of Advanced Studies in Mathematics course.
[edit] Contributions to the advancement of science
Many of the most important scientific discoveries and revolutions were made by Cambridge alumni. These include:
Understanding the scientific method, by Francis Bacon
The laws of motion, by Sir Isaac Newton
The discovery of the electron, by J. J. Thomson
The splitting of the atom by Sir John Cockcroft and Ernest Walton
The unification of electromagnetism, by James Clerk Maxwell
The discovery of hydrogen, by Henry Cavendish
Evolution by natural selection, by Charles Darwin
The Turing machine, a basic model for computation, by Alan Turing
The structure of DNA, by Francis Crick and James D. Watson
ハーバード大学・東京大学・早稲田大学・京都大学・慶応義塾大学・Oxford大学
ケンブリッジ大学・東北大学・九州大学・名古屋大学・大阪大学・新潟大学
【高大連携情報誌「大学受験ニュース」（ブログ版）発信中！
ポータルサイト 検索（情報）の達人 ＩＴ事典（書物・人物・他：文学作品）
高大連携情報誌「大学受験ニュース」
236-0038 横浜市金沢区六浦南2－27－18－201 調べもの新聞編集室
nakamurayoshio@gmail.com TEL＆FAX 045-701-6113
オープンキャンパス（大学・高校・中学）の取材にお伺いします。（無料）
当日のイベント情報を
高大連携（こうだい・れんけい）情報誌「大学受験ニュース（ブログ版）」にて
全国に発信します！！！
紙媒体の高大連携情報誌「大学受験ニュース」もおつくりします。
（全国のオープンキャンパスにて、受験生に配布します。）
見本誌（紙媒体）をお送りします。（無料）
nakamurayoshio@gmail.com TEL＆FAX 045-701-6113
(Ａ４の２つ折：Ａ５の４Ｐ）共通記事（１～３Ｐ）と▲▲▲大学記事（４Ｐ）で構成。
調べもの文庫 大学受験の基礎知識 ▲学部（▲学部を持つ日本の大学）
調べもの文庫 大学受験の基礎知識 ▲▲県（▲▲県の大学一覧）
調べもの文庫 大学受験の基礎知識 ▲▲▲大学のオープンキャンパス
調べもの文庫 大学受験の基礎知識 取得資格の一覧（▲▲▲大学・▲学部）
調べもの文庫 大学受験の基礎知識 名作文庫（▲▲県）▲▲▲大学
調べもの文庫 大学受験の基礎知識 ▲▲▲大学への道 （入試日程・資料請求）
【高大連携情報誌「大学受験ニュース」（ブログ版）発信中！
【正会員募集！】
調べもの新聞編集室では、
隔月刊「大学受験ニュース」（紙媒体）の発行と
ブログ版高大連携情報誌（「大学受験ニュース」毎日更新）の全国発信をしております。
正会員（大学・高校・中学：塾・予備校：教育関係出版社） 年会費（１８０００円）