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Essay代写:Animal symbols in creative advertising

2019-11-12 17:24:40 | 日記
下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- Animal symbols in creative advertising,供大家参考学习,这篇论文讨论了广告创意中的动物符号。二十世纪,影视中动物形象的诞生影响着社会价值观的传播,并潜移默化地改变着大家对世界的认知,这些动物符号发挥的作用更胜于传统广告。社会所呈现的消费特色与动物符号讯息的建构间具有密切的关联。广告业作为建构商品文化参考架构的重要起源,善于利用消费者感性诉求,促销商品或服务。因此,动物符号在广告创意中是非常重要的。

Nowadays, it is a society of symbol consumption. The focus of mass consumption has already shifted from the material consumption of products to the consumption of social context. Advertising, as the driving force of consumption, focuses on attracting audiences with good ideas. Animal symbol plays an important role in advertisement creation because of its particularity. Its humor, auspicious implication, emotional resonance and unique personality are excellent sources of creative materials. In particular, modern people's high dependence on animals will further enhance the function of animal symbols.

Advertising is a modern word that traces its history back to the spring and autumn period and warring states period. However, the rise of China's advertising industry after the reform and opening up, after more than 40 years of development, the size of the world's second stable. The audience obtains the information from the advertisement, the advertiser obtains the benefit from it. At present, we exist in a space enveloped by advertisements, and can't escape from it from the moment we open our eyes. Why don't many people realize it? As a matter of fact, an adult can get thousands of advertisements every day from the Internet, elevators, outdoor places, etc. However, less than one in 1,000 will attract attention and be remembered. The works that stand out from the crowd are all creative. Therefore, creativity is an eternal winning magic weapon.

Animal elements are very common in advertising creativity. In the 20th century, David ogilvy proposed the "3B" principle of advertising creativity, beast is one of them. After more than 100 years of development, animal elements evolved into a symbol, reflected in the process of transmission. In addition, with the development of digital technology, there are more carriers for advertising, and animal symbols can be expressed in advertising works in a richer way.

Animals are the tools by which we know ourselves, carrying a symbolic projection of humanity at its centre.

In the mainstream culture, the popularity of animals and their derivatives in various fields is unprecedented, which reflects the psychology of modern people's dependence on animals. From an evolutionary perspective, humans and animals evolved from common ancestors. On the one hand, strong human treatment of vulnerable animals, the hearts of love and emotion burst out naturally; On the other hand, the image of most animals is cute and beautiful, which immediately captures people's heart while striking the weak part of human heart. What role did animals and their derivatives play in the pursuit of spiritual enrichment? The author will analyze from the following three aspects. The search for trust, the dependence on animals, is the emergence of the despairing pet dependence on human nature, and there are many different voices in the society. Utilitarian social atmosphere, weak mainstream values and lack of integrity are a major crisis faced by the society, which is manifested in almost every aspect of the society. Give sincere not response, people will become like a hedgehog. But what is missing must be made up for somewhere, and now animals are the best choice. It is a listener, a companion and, importantly, not a betrayer. Animals are endowed with human character and emotion, which psychologically replace human existence, and the two can no longer be separated.

Under the life environment of high pressure, animal element gives a person with cheerful with the high-speed movement that relaxes life gear, spirit string is stretched too tight, the characteristic of animal element humor, lovely can help a person release pressure in time, pull the life back on the right track. Some very common life phenomenon, the pet as children; Send friends circle with pet attention; Girls buy headdresses like cat ears and small antlers; Buy dinosaur hoodies, pajamas, etc. People are more likely to add joy to their lives through these little things.

Thanks to the developed Internet, young people do not need to rely too much on others to obtain survival information, and people become "net friends". The lone ranger has become the norm, and the source of happiness is mostly the product of new media platforms. Online chatting occupies more than half of interpersonal communication time. On WeChat, QQ and other social apps, emoticons can relieve the atmosphere and increase the fun. One of the most used and collected is the animal itself and animals for the elements of the cartoon image of this kind of emoji package.

The power of pop culture is that we are willing to classify ourselves as "actively disabled" or "invisibly poor," but not as "poor" or "disabled." With the coming of age of the post-00s generation, the generation's independence has become more prominent, and they don't need their parents to go to college. Do you not need company if you tend to be alone in life? The answer, of course, is no. Individual independence does not mean spiritual independence. Some people need the same kind of spiritual comfort but are too lazy to socialize. With the emergence of online pop culture, the public has long lost spiritual resonance and gradually becomes dependent.

It is worth noting that in recent years, "groups" represented by animal elements have been warmly sought after. The unique character of animals has been further exposed and excavated in the Internet age. Compared with the fragile human nature, animals are more noble. Therefore, people like to compare themselves to some kind of animal. Media people, aware of this psychological tendency, created a lot of hot words and cultures with animals as their elements, which were quickly recognized by the public. From "make delicate pig girl" to "big pig hoof" and "chong duck", these hot words reflect the rising status of animal elements.

The visual image of animals is presented in the way of personification. At the very beginning, consumers' emotions should be aroused to create psychological excitement and satisfy people's curiosity. Then, some human actions, expressions and clothes should be given to animals, which looks funny and makes people laugh. Animal body to show, so that the product increased attention.

Up to now, the construction of children's values no longer depends only on parents and teachers. Cartoons and Internet information also play an important role. Cartoon is the most intimate way of entertainment with children. Every generation has its own representative works, such as "legend of the rainbow cat blue rabbit seven" by the post-90s, "happy goat and Wolffy" by the post-00s, "bald head strong" and "peppa pig" by the post-10s. The philosophy of life conveyed by these animal symbols has planted a seed in the heart of the new generation. Children's age is more curious about animals than hot issues. The influence of advertising spirit conveyed by animal symbols on children is profound but must be treated with caution.

People will form a general impression of an animal over the years. Advertisers only need to skillfully use the audience's psychology of an animal to make them naturally accept the concept they have shaped. Once the animal symbol is associated with the animal itself, the audience will naturally associate with a fixed brand or product when facing the same image in the future, which is the so-called durability.

In the 20th century, the birth of animal images in "black cat sheriff" and "Tom and jerry" influenced the spread of social values and subtly changed a generation's perception of the world. These animal symbols play a more important role than traditional advertisements. Symbol consumption means that modern consumption society has added cultural and emotional factors. The buying behavior of consumers is irrational. The long-term influence of animal symbols on adults and the new generation is used to make an excellent case of emotional marketing combined with advertising works. Advertising practitioners have long paid attention to the use of animal elements in advertising creativity, what new changes have occurred in recent years?

At present, the main group of social consumption has experienced the era change of retail economy, Internet shopping and new retail combining online and offline. It can be seen that no matter how the consumption experience is upgraded, consumers attach great importance to the materialized experience. Otherwise, new retail will not be born and the retail industry will be completely banned. As the economy has grown, so has advertising, its closest relative.

In modern times, the use of animal images to "materialize" their brand image has increasingly become one of the successful ways for many businesses to establish a brand image, such as JOY, Tmall and netease koalas. After this kind of routine is no longer fresh, each advertisement advocate advocate had the idea of substantiate. At the moment, animals are given symbolic functions as brand image officers. Compared with the conceptual image drawn by virtual image, the entity is more convincing. On the one hand, it can be easily separated from other brands; On the other hand, increased brand exposure, shorten the distance of customers. When handled properly, intimacy and trust are strengthened.

The popularity of web celebrity bear and Pikachu represents a creative advertising campaign accepted by the public. Leaflets, audio promotion and other traditional forms of advertising flooding, even make the audience hate. But its cost is low, the effect is good in a short time, so cannot abandon. In order to eliminate these negative effects, cartoon doll clothing should be needed. People can easily refuse the leaflets from strangers, but it is difficult to refuse the lovely doll sent by the "surprise", especially the doll will act like a spoiled child. The charm of pleasure inherent in the doll dilates the discomfort caused by the advertising behavior, and the audience will even pay more attention to the advertising campaign out of curiosity. There's another irreplaceable advantage to using an animal doll -- it's natural. As long as not exceed the moment, can do some intimate action, such as pull people into the store, grab snacks. Although it is essentially a human operation, to the outside world this is just an interaction with cute animals with "human nature", so it will not be difficult to accept.

Douyin, micro video short video APP, with the popularity of "golden hair yolk", can talk "liu erdou", "detective cat" and "doudou pig" such as animal elements as the protagonist of the short video bloggers. According to the purpose of creation, short video can be divided into entertainment and marketing. One is that users initially make original video with the purpose of showing off pets, entertainment, following the trend or other pure purposes, and they inadvertently have an exclusive fan group. Then they turn the creation of video into an interest and responsibility, and thus a new type of KOL is born. Alipay to promote the experience of gold service, please "liu erdou" to do publicity. The cat stole the fish to carp jump longmen to carp, clever will pay treasure annual surplus game into the short video, with a vivid story to cover the profit purpose of advertising. The works of late original bloggers will eventually become the position for advertisers to publicize goods or services; the other is an account created by advertisers to promote movies and cartoons. It has a clear purpose and USES cartoon animal images in the work to promote itself as KOL, saving time and effort.

Animals themselves do not carry human emotions. Advertisers seize the audience's psychology and turn the "blank" animal image into an emotional expert who captures the hearts of the audience. They have created numerous communication cases of phenomenon level. When an image is successful, its surroundings are also valuable.

At the end of the 2018 lunar year, the commercial "what's page? This is director zhang dapeng's New Year's film "peppa pig" for the pilot promotional video, but also the use of animal symbols in the advertising work of the successful case. Why is this commercial refresh? One is the use of peppa pig animal element with topic and flow; Second, the humor comedy is more thought-provoking, laughter with tears is the best comedy brought to the audience; Third, the use of the public Spring Festival reunion homesick psychology, play a good emotional card.

In this respect, zhihu created a very successful mascot. Since liu jiashan entered zhihu, he has set off a trend of "XX liu jiashan". Published the series of cartoon "liu jianshan's life opinion"; Created "curious arctic fox" video program; Opened a solo exhibition "liu's curious igloo at mountain view"; Canvas bag, sweater, mobile phone case and so on. Nowadays, liu jianshan is not only an accessory of zhihu, but also an image representative accompanying zhihu to grow up together.

China is a country with a strong cultural atmosphere, and the new interpretation of traditional culture is the constant ideological trend. Mapping in the advertising industry is often expressed in series of activity theme, plane, H5 works. For example, in the marketing of brocade carp in the sky in 2018, Tmall sent a big gift to the whole country with the lucky head contained in brocade carp. For a time, the popularity of "brocade carp" for good luck surpassed that of "Yang chaoyue".

As a symbol of folk culture, Chinese zodiac has become a symbol of entertainment and cultural activities. Designers will be around the year of the zodiac creative, into the surrounding series of works. If maybelline pig year limit mahjong gift box, swarovski flying pig necklace, maybelline pig powder and other pig year around the market.

Qiaqiao will be animal and traditional culture combined with the release of the 24 solar terms poster, with melon seeds deduce the image of the solar terms, white fox snow, chrysanthemum yellow crab fat, cuckoo birdsong...... Depicting the natural scenery and the transmission of eastern aesthetics, copywriting poem will be "harmony" word clever integration, to create a "harmony of all things" scene. Similarly, a series of posters of the Spring Festival festival created by JOY, nine-tailed fox, jingwei and other animals under the topic of "jd" on jd's "twelfth lunar month" Spring Festival products.

The consumption characteristics of society are closely related to the construction of animal symbol information. Advertising, as an important origin of constructing the reference structure of commodity culture, is good at utilizing consumers' emotional demands to promote goods or services. Therefore, it is not surprising that animal symbols appear frequently in modern advertisements.

51due留学教育原创版权郑重声明:原创essay代写范文源自编辑创作,未经官方许可,网站谢绝转载。对于侵权行为,未经同意的情况下,51Due有权追究法律责任。主要业务有essay代写、assignment代写、paper代写、作业代写服务。

51due为留学生提供最好的essay代写服务,亲们可以进入主页了解和获取更多essay代写范文 提供代写服务,详情可以咨询我们的客服QQ:800020041。

Assignment代写:The influence of equity incentive on market value management of listed companies

2019-11-12 17:24:07 | 日記
下面为大家整理一篇优秀的assignment代写范文- The influence of equity incentive on market value management of listed companies,供大家参考学习,这篇论文讨论了股权激励对上市公司市值管理影响。股权激励机制对公司治理及经营绩效的影响。通过机制对公司的相关利益者进行有效协调,利润共享、共担风险,改善公司治理又提高市值。公司绩效是对内在价值最直观的表现形式,作为公司经营状况的参考指标,公司价值分为内在价值与市场价值,在对公司进行市值管理时应关注企业的经营绩效,这体现公司的内在价值效益。市值管理也对公司业绩衡量,通过公司发展现状反映市值,达到市值增长的最终效果。

After equity division reform, use the management equity incentive means of corporate governance, has become a main way to maximize shareholder value of listed companies, to stabilize and motivate company's board of directors and the role of the core staff, and can achieve the purpose of improve the financing capability and market value, and also to reduce agency cost and improve the efficiency of management of enterprise operation and management. Therefore, by centering on the correlation between equity incentive and market value management, it is proved that market value management of enterprises is effective. Relevant research on specific types of equity incentive mode is carried out to achieve win-win cooperation between management and enterprises.

According to the relevant regulations on market value management of listed companies in China, "encouraging listed companies to establish market value management system" was clearly proposed in May 2014, which pointed out that equity incentive mechanism has an incentive mechanism to stabilize and encourage all stakeholders. In July 2016, China Securities Regulatory Commission issued the management measures on equity incentive for listed companies, which provides listed companies with flexible decision-making space and great autonomy, and promotes the implementation of equity incentive measures. A-share listed companies in China in 2009, the implementation of equity incentive plan, which accounts for only 14, accounted for only 0.83%, to 2017, 412, and accounted for up to 11.88%, the implementation of equity incentive presents the fast growth the tendency, at the same time after the implementation of equity incentive plan form market value of listed companies have high low, through the analysis to achieve the win-win situation of enterprise and stakeholders.

Relevant literature discusses equity incentive, studies on the relationship between equity incentive and business performance, enterprise value, executive behavior and management constraint, and how to construct equity incentive performance evaluation system. This paper first USES theory to outline market value management and management equity incentive, then expounds the necessity, objectives and influencing factors of market value, and then analyzes the impact of different equity incentive modes, so as to provide reference for listed companies to implement equity incentive schemes.

Value management is for the weak efficient market, and for us capital markets mature, analytical value management is not yet available, the domestic literature point of value management is the core of value management, shareholder value management object is the value of management, foreign scholars consider market value management is a kind of strategic management, is a long-term, sustained and steady development strategy, with a scientific and reasonable means of value management. From the perspective of listed companies as a whole, market value management includes three aspects: value creation, value management and value realization. It is also a complex system engineering management, which requires various methods to restrict and realize shareholder value maximization.

Equity incentive is a kind of long-term incentive, starting from Jensen and Mecking's principal-agent theory. The research on the impact of equity incentive on market value management is manifested in three viewpoints: positive correlation theory, nonlinear correlation theory and non-correlation theory. The specific significance of equity incentive lies in giving shares to the management, sharing risks with the company, participating in decision-making, and ultimately maximizing the interests of shareholders and individuals.

The impact of equity incentive on the company's value is mainly analyzed from the perspective of asset management and capital market management. The impact on asset management is to make the agent fulfill his duties, induce and intensify earnings management, and promote or inhibit inefficient investment. The capital market management is mainly through low information disclosure agency cost, agent timing behavior and other ways.

With the improvement of the capital market valuation system, through the comprehensive strength and operating performance index value arises at the historic moment, through the potential profitability and development space to reflect the market value and make a prediction, not only can be carried out on the operating performance evaluation, effective integration will also be long-term and short-term development goals, through comprehensive measures and to improve the performance of the company.

Nowadays, the capital market is becoming mature and listed companies have more financing channels, especially from the stock market. Compared with the financing structure of the bond market, the advantages are high financing cost, long issuance cycle and complex audit process. When refinancing in the stock market, investors are more likely to subscribe to the company's shares, and can obtain more incremental capital with less equity capital. The higher the market value is, the stronger the equity financing ability will be, and the lower the financing cost will be due to fewer financing conditions.

The purpose of market value management of listed companies is to protect the rights and interests of investors. After the reform of non-tradable shares, listed companies pay more attention to market value and market value management, mainly focusing on safeguarding the interests of investors. When the market value in the capital market is on the rise, it shows that the company has a good dividend payment ability, so that investors can obtain direct economic income to increase the amount of wealth.

Improve the ability to resist hostile takeover. Listed companies take more mergers, acquisitions and restructuring methods to increase market value. When the stock price is undervalued, it shows that the company's market price is less than its intrinsic value, and there is a risk of hostile takeover by other companies. In contrast, higher market values protect against the risk of a hostile takeover.

The goal of market value management is to maximize shareholder wealth. The company's market value is maximized on the basis of value, and the company's market value is the external manifestation of the intrinsic value. The intrinsic value goal maximizes the intrinsic value created by the listed company. Therefore, the goal of market value management can be better realized by unifying the two goals.

It includes external uncontrollable factors and internal controllable factors. Including external uncontrollable factors are systemic factors, from a macro environment factors that are included in the analysis of PEST model, as well as the industry growth, etc., can internal controllable factors is accordingly management mechanism to control, refers to the corporate governance structure, operating performance, investor relations management, through legal means of compliance management, improve company's market capitalisation.

Through the mechanism, relevant stakeholders of the company can effectively coordinate, share profits and take risks, improve corporate governance and increase market value. By analyzing the supervision and restriction of shareholders and operators by owners, the responsibilities and rights are divided in the form of contract, so that the stakeholders of the company can perform their respective duties, jointly improve the business performance of the enterprise, and set the operation system of control, coordination and guidance in one.

Corporate performance is the most intuitive manifestation of internal value. As a reference indicator of the company's operating status, corporate value is divided into internal value and market value. When managing the market value of a company, the company should pay attention to its operating performance, which reflects the company's internal value and benefits. Market value management also measures the company's performance and reflects the market value through the company's development status to achieve the ultimate effect of market value growth.

There are various modes of equity incentive, and the appropriate incentive mode is selected from the perspective of interest relevance. According to whether the risks and benefits undertaken by the management and the company are equal, there are equal incentive models and income incentive models.

The reciprocal incentive model is classified into restricted stock model, performance stock model and employee stock ownership plan. Among them, restricted stock model is to sell a small number of shares to the management at a lower price, and there are certain restrictions on the stock selling. The management should take careful measures to promote the growth of market value. Performance stock means that the management achieves the performance target within the given time limit and promises to give a certain number of shares. The main purpose is to eliminate the short-term behavior of the management and improve the interests of the company and itself by linking the income with the future interests of the company. Employee stock ownership plan is an internal employees hold shares in the company is a form of property organization, employee stock ownership plan to ensure employees to participate in the distribution of ownership, has the dual identity of workers and owners, form of distribution according to work and according to the distribution of checks and balances mechanism, can always focus on enterprise situation, pay attention to the company's share price changes at any time, employees will accordingly take continue to hold or sell the stock, so as to improve the company's performance and market value.

In this way, it can be found that the mode with high incentive cost is performance stock, cash payment pressure is high, and the target group of employee stock ownership plan is broad. In restricted stock model incentive, there is no pressure on cash payment. Therefore, listed companies in our country mostly adopt this kind of classification.

The income incentive mode is classified into stock option mode, stock appreciation right mode and virtual stock mode. For stock options, the management has the right to purchase the company's shares at the agreed price in the future. If the company's share price is lower than the exercise price, the management will abandon the exercise without any loss or risk. Stock appreciation right means that the company does not really hold the stock, but obtains the future spread income, improves the company's performance, so that the company gets the market recognition and the stock price rises. Virtual stock refers to the dividend received from the granted stock, and the spread income of the fluctuation of the stock price. Virtual stock has many limitations, especially the stock is invalid when the holder leaves the company. Therefore, the management always focuses on the long-term development of the company and drives the growth of the company's stock price.

It is found that the stock appreciation right model is not the real stock, it has the pressure to pay cash immediately, the virtual stock model has the short-term interests of the management and the pressure to pay cash. The stock option model has the short-term behavior of the incentive object, but there is no pressure of cash payment. At present, listed companies in China seldom adopt this mode.

When conducting quantitative analysis on the market value of listed companies, two variables are needed, namely, stock price and number of shares. The market value is equal to the stock price multiplied by the number of shares. So when the market value was used as measure of the operator's management level and management ability, management will be affected by the pressure of the share price volatility, the choice of two kinds of equity incentive mode and implementation and the company's market value is closely related with the operator's performance appraisal, makes the market value of listed companies level is about the management of personal interests, also can reflect management effectiveness and efficiency. , therefore, is necessary for a market value of listed companies management, can for the value of enterprises in the capital market reaction, and will deliver good news to potential investors, to attract them to obtain the company's stock, can also enhance the company's market value from the side space, through the implementation of equity incentive mechanism system can get good market value management, make the listed companies can achieve the goal of maximising shareholder value.

Suggestions for listed companies: first of all, through the equity incentive for value management has become a new trend, profitability and the company growth is an important reason, changes affect the value of a listed company equity incentive mechanism on core competence can be reflected in the market value and market value also reflects the management of the management ability and management level. Second, equity incentive is an important link to improve corporate governance. Internal equity incentive mechanism, mainly based on the principal-agent theory can make stakeholders work together to make the management in the long and short term measure of enterprise operating performance and future prospects for the development of space, can not only improve the management ability of listed companies, also can to enterprise's investors feedback out certain information, can be beneficial to make decisions, through the efforts to achieve market recognition of the intrinsic value of the enterprise, from both inside and outside two aspects to improve the market value, and effectively manage the market value.

51due留学教育原创版权郑重声明:原创assignment代写范文源自编辑创作,未经官方许可,网站谢绝转载。对于侵权行为,未经同意的情况下,51Due有权追究法律责任。主要业务有assignment代写、essay代写、paper代写服务。

51due为留学生提供最好的assignment代写服务,亲们可以进入主页了解和获取更多assignment代写范文 提供北美作业代写服务,详情可以咨询我们的客服QQ:800020041。

国外大学的paper写作格式讲解

2019-11-12 17:23:32 | 日記
想必留学生们在写作paper的时候都感到很为难吧,毕竟paper比essay可是更难写,而且大家如果对paper写作不熟悉的话,基本上是无从下手的。那么国外大学的paper到底怎么写呢?大家可以先从格式入手,慢慢去熟悉paper写作。

在国外留学的同学都知道,国外大学的论文作业一般都有格式的要求。比如说我们经常提到的论文参考格式有MLA、APA、芝加哥格式等。但是使用word写作时,我们的作业排版该如何?有没有格式呢?其实:一般而言教授布置作业的时候,会给我们具体的格式要求。不过,没有给出格式要求怎么办?那么我们就可以使用下列常规的作业格式。

Margins, Spacing, and Font Size(边距,间距和字体大小)

First and foremost you should leave a marginal space of 1 inch from the top, bottom, left and right sides of the page. You can easily leave a margin space of one inches in Word by doing the following tasks:

首先你应该在页面顶部,底部,左面和右面分别留下一个1英寸左右的边际空间。你可以在word中通过以下操作进行页面设置:

(1)Go to the page layout option and click the margins tab.

进入页面布局选项,单击页边距选项卡。

(2)Click on the normal option, which is default to 1 inch space from all the sides.

点击常规选项,该选项默认为1英寸的空间距离。

Each and every line of the paragraph should be double-spaced. Proper line spacing can be achieved in MS Word through the following steps:

每一行的段落设置成双倍行距。行间距设置可以通过以下步骤在word中进行:

(1)Select the paragraph.

选中段落

(2)Right click on the selected portion.

右键单击选中的部分。

(3)Go to Paragraph.

进入段落属性设置。

(4)In the Indents and Spacing tab: go-to ‘line spacing’ option and select ‘Double’.

选中缩进和间距选项卡:选中“行间距”选项,然后选择“双倍”。

Make sure that you use the Times New Roman font with size 12 to write your essay. This is a universal font acceptable in all academic papers. Don’t try to use a larger font to write less!

确保您使用Times New Roman字体、大小12的文字来写你的文章。这是一个学术论文可以接受的通用字体。不要试图用更大的字体而减少写作的字数!

Headings(标题)

The heading should start with the top left corner of the page. Make sure that you have set the indentation to left-justified. The left justified option can be easily enabled in your MS Word software.

标题应该写在页面的左上角。请确保你已设置首行缩进。左对齐选项可以地在微软的Word软件中很容易启用。

The heading of the essay should follow a format which is:

文章的标题应该遵循的格式是:

(1)Write your name on the first line of the heading.

把你的essay标题写在第一行。

(2)Write your instructor name below your name.

下面写你的名字和导师的名字。

(3)Write the name of the subject and the subject code below the instructor’s name.

在导师名字的后面写上科目代码。

(4)Write the date of submission below the subject name.

在科目代码下方填写提交essay的日期。

An example heading could be:

例如:

Marc Stevens 马克·史蒂文斯

Dr. Thomas Daniels 托马斯·丹尼尔斯博士

Math 1005 数学1005

4 March 2014 2014年3月4日

One of the most ignored but the most important parts in essay formatting is the header. The first page of the header should contain only the page number. From the second page and further, the header should contain your last name and page number, both should be right indented.

最容易被忽视的,但最重要的部分是essay的标题。标题的第一页应该只包含页码。第二页,应该包含您的姓名和页码,两者都应该是正确的缩进。

Header formatting steps for first page:

第一页的标题格式的步骤:

(1)Go to the insert option.

进入插入选项。

(2)Click on the header tab.

点击标题标签。

(3)Check the different first page option.

检查不同的第一页选项。

(4)Click on the page number tab in the design tab.

单击页码选项卡的页码选项。

(5)Inside the top of page option select the right indented page number.

在页面的顶部选择正确的缩进页码。

Header formatting steps for second page and further.

标题格式第二页的设置步骤。

(1)Go to the insert option and click the headers tab.

选择插入选项,单击标题选项卡。

(2)Uncheck the different first page option.

取消勾选不同的第一页选项。

(3)Click on the page number tab in the design tab.

单击页码选项卡的设计选项卡。

(4)Choose the right indented page number style.

选择正确的缩进页码样式。

(5)Write your last name before the page number.

在页码前编写你的姓。

The MLA rule book says that the paragraphs should start by leaving a half-inch space at the beginning. To keep it simple, you can start your paragraphs after pressing the tab button. Make sure that each and every paragraph that you write should follow this format.

MLA规则规定段落应该先留下半英寸的开始空间。为了方便,你可以按tab按钮后开始你的段落。确保每一段都遵循这种格式。

(1)The title should come after the heading and should be center aligned. After writing the title, make sure that you press enter twice before starting with the paragraph. You can use the formatting symbol (?) option and check that there are two formatting symbols between the title and the paragraph. You can start writing the first paragraph after the title.

标题应该居中。写完标题后,按两次回车键开始段落。您可以使用格式符号检查格式的标题和段落之间的符号。

(2)Keep the text left aligned every time you start with a new line.

每次开始新的一页请保持文本左对齐。

These are simple college essay formatting guidelines that every student should follow in his academic age. The format makes the essay easy to read and comprehend for the reader.

以上就是关于paper写作的格式讲解,国外大学对于格式的要求是非常严格的,所以大家必须要保证格式的正确,这才有机会拿到高分。

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Paper代写:The advantages and disadvantages of going public

2019-11-12 17:22:58 | 日記
本篇paper代写- The advantages and disadvantages of going public讨论了企业上市的利弊。企业上市能够有效的满足内部资金需求,提升经营管理水平,增强企业的社会影响力和市场品牌价值,具有积极意义。但同时,企业上市也会产生控制权变更、内部信息泄露等风险,也可能出现沉没成本,导致上市之后风险爆发导致最后的退市失败。但总的来说,企业上市所带来的利益要远大于其产生的不利条件,不能因为有弊端而对上市有所顾忌回避,因此,从长远角度来看,有条件的企业要积极参与上市运作,改善内部管理水平,提升核心竞争力。本篇paper代写由51due代写平台整理,供大家参考阅读。

At present, enterprises are facing increasingly fierce market competition. In order to achieve development in this environment, enterprises must focus on expanding the scale of operation and improving management efficiency. External financing can be obtained through listing on the main board, the gem board, the small and medium-sized board and the new three board, so as to provide effective financial support for the development of enterprises.

With the gradual improvement of China's capital market, more and more enterprises put their energy into the mode of listing financing. Through external listing, enterprises can, on the one hand, expand the scale of operation and management to meet specific capital needs; On the other hand, it can also enhance the social influence of the economic subject and safeguard the interests of shareholders. At present, our country has established relatively perfect legal norms and formed a unified three-level management system of laws, regulations and norms for enterprise listing and financing. According to different standards, enterprises can choose a variety of ways to meet the listing requirements, access to financing development funds. At the same time, we should also see that listing financing will bring certain risks, which will not only cause relatively high financing costs, but also cause ownership replacement, trade secrets disclosure and even the failure of listing.

Enterprises are profit-oriented economic organizations whose production and operation depend on certain capital conditions. At present, as it is increasingly difficult for enterprises to obtain financing from Banks and other financial institutions, they begin to turn to the capital market and obtain financing development funds through listing. Listing financing can meet the capital needs of enterprises at a certain stage to some extent, and has become an important choice of enterprise financing.

Generally speaking, the capital sources of production and operation of enterprises mainly include the following four aspects: 1. Second, the interests of the enterprise in the previous year retained, that is, the part of undistributed profits; Third, the enterprise from the bank and other financial institutions to obtain long-term loans or short-term loans, that is, the enterprise debt; Fourth, the enterprise through the issuance of bonds or stocks and other means of access to funds, that is, capital reserves. In the process of expanding business scale, it is difficult for an enterprise to obtain a large capital scale by means of initial investment by investors, interest retention and bank borrowing, etc. Moreover, it is difficult to realize the issuance of bonds due to many conditions. Therefore, some enterprises with good production and management and high economic benefits will often meet their capital needs through listing. Compared with other financing channels, listing financing has relative advantages. On the one hand, there is no fixed financing term, that is, no maturity date, the financing income does not need to be repaid on schedule, and the interest distribution is relatively flexible. On the other hand, listing financing can enhance the visibility and social influence of the enterprise, and further enhance the enterprise's borrowing capacity. At the same time, the financing income can also provide an effective guarantee for other financing methods.

Listing is a continuous process. The purpose of listing and financing is to solve the problem of internal shortage of funds and provide an effective basis for sustainable operation. Specifically, companies can obtain a large amount of capital through initial public offering at the beginning of listing. Then, when the enterprise is listed and meets certain conditions, it can further obtain financing development funds from the capital market through rights offering or issuing convertible bonds, which can provide effective support for the expansion of the enterprise. Before the listed enterprises, due to production of small scale, poor economic benefits, is difficult to obtain suitable credit from the bank, and listed companies, with the enhancing awareness and social influence, financing and debt guarantee ability effectively, Banks and other financial institutions credit will increase significantly. The increase of credit line can not only improve the existing balance sheet structure of the enterprise, but also stabilize the upstream and downstream suppliers, form a credit chain, and then enhance the overall strength of the enterprise.

In addition to obtaining financing and generating direct income, the listing of enterprises can further enhance their social influence and brand value. The choice of listing indicates that the enterprise is releasing the signal of good operation status to the market, and only the enterprise with strong competitiveness and good development prospect can meet the basic conditions of the market. After the listing of the enterprise, the name of the enterprise is constantly mentioned by investors in the stock exchange, and the related financial and economic special journals will evaluate the enterprise's operation and management status, stock price trend, etc., the effect produced by this way is better than advertising. With the deepening of the public's cognition of enterprises, the social influence and brand value of enterprises have been effectively enhanced. Take alibaba, jd.com and other e-commerce enterprises as examples, their popularity before listing is not significantly different from that of other e-commerce enterprises, and listing financing makes their popularity increase and their brand value effectively reflected.

It is worth noting that listed enterprises occupy a relatively low proportion in the current market conditions, and their social influence, brand value and other external manifestations are closely related to entrepreneurs. If entrepreneurs are only profit-oriented and do not pay attention to social responsibility, the path of listing their enterprises will be blocked and they will not be able to truly grow into large enterprises. That is to say, for entrepreneurs, listing and financing can not only bring direct economic benefits, but also promote themselves for the consideration of enterprise growth

Visibility, not just profit. After the listing of enterprises, entrepreneurs will have more opportunities to appear in the public's view, and social visibility will be guaranteed. With the further implementation of the management standards of listed companies such as quality, management and control, the brand value of enterprises will also be improved.

Enterprise listing can standardize the main business management behavior, improve the level of internal management. At present, the internal management level and efficiency become an important condition that affects the robustness and sustainability of enterprise development. In order to expand the scale of production and operation, improve the economic benefits of overall financial and management, and improve the internal management has become an urgent need. From this perspective, the future competition of enterprises will not be limited to cost, technology and market, but more focused on the improvement of management level and management ability. The listing of enterprises will mean the improvement of internal governance structure and further improve the management level.

After going public, the enterprise will no longer be a family enterprise controlled by individuals or families, but a joint-stock enterprise supervised by the public. In this case, enterprises should establish a relatively reasonable governance structure in accordance with the requirements of the company law. Governance structure to improve the standardization of the management, such as the general meeting of shareholders, the board of directors will play a regulatory function, to realize effective regulation of business management, to replace the traditional family enterprise by the form of individual decisions, the shift has certain advancement, entrepreneurs personal leading enterprises over the fate of the era, has realized the separation between the two.

Enterprise listing is a systematic and complex work, which needs to go through two basic links of stock issuance and stock listing, and for private enterprises, enterprise restructuring and other activities should be carried out. Generally speaking, stock issuance and stock listing are highly professional, and enterprises must rely on professional intermediaries to complete the issuance and listing. According to the relevant provisions of the company law and securities law in our country, the issue of shares by has the qualifications of main underwriting security company must be responsible for, so that enterprises, after filing an application for stock issuance must be conducted by the securities company stock issuance and listing plan, prospectus and stock bearing on a commission basis, or to make a specific period of time by an accounting firm financial situation, profitability and financial position. In addition, the enterprise also needs to explain the legal affairs in the process of issuing and listing through the law firm. In order to ensure the fair value of the listed enterprise's assets, the enterprise should also hire an appraisal firm to evaluate the internal assets, and compile and report for confirmation according to the appraisal report. Specifically, the cost of listing a company includes the following aspects: first, agency fees, which are paid to underwriters, ranging from 1% to 10% of the amount raised; Second, the cost of legal consultation; Third, the audit fees of accounting firms, as well as the postal, telephone and fax fees incurred in the process of issuing financial reports. In addition, consulting fees, marketing fees and other expenses incurred in the process of listing should also be attributed to the scope of listing costs.

Listed enterprises must meet certain conditions, according to the company law and the relevant provisions of the securities law, the minimum number of shareholders of joint-stock companies is 5 people, which requires the original number of investors less than 5 people must introduce new shareholders to meet the requirements of listed companies. The participation of new shareholders will inevitably reduce the proportion of original investors' investment, resulting in the decentralization of equity, which also means that the control right of the company will be transferred to new investors to a certain extent. According to the principle of equity parity, who owns the most shares?

Who owns the control of the enterprise, and the stock can be freely bought and sold in the market, which leads to the instability of the control of the enterprise. When the major problems of the listed companies need to be decided, the enterprises often cannot make scientific and reasonable decisions due to the frequent change of control rights.

In addition, with the increasing maturity of modern enterprise management system, the ownership and management of listed companies are often separated. The daily operation and management of a listed company are usually the responsibility of the management layer generated by the entrustment agent, while the board of directors and the board of supervisors supervise their operation and management activities, so as to achieve a balanced relationship among the stakeholders within the listed company. Under such conditions, private entrepreneurs no longer have the right to speak, but rely on the general meeting of shareholders, and even the fight for control will occur between shareholders and between shareholders and operators, resulting in low efficiency of management.

The enterprise listing needs to have certain foundation and condition, the result also has the unexpected characteristic. For most enterprises, problems such as imperfect governance structure, insufficient timely financial disclosure, excessive concentration of control rights and weak operating benefits are prominent, which have become important factors hindering enterprises from listing and financing. Enterprise listing involves planning, issuance, market and other links, any link will affect the process of enterprise listing, or even directly lead to listing failure. Listing failure will result in corresponding sunk costs, that is, the enterprise has actually paid the corresponding costs for listing, but has not produced substantial benefits. The failure of listing will make the financing of the enterprise more difficult and even lead to the abnormal decline or bankruptcy of the enterprise.

Taking a technology company as an example, in order to expand production and meet increasing capital needs, the company went public for financing in June 2010. In order to meet the listing conditions, the enterprise gave up the original advantage industry, turned to the industries with higher content of science and technology, but these high-tech project has not the expected benefits, but causes loss of funds, enterprise in order to maintain the existing operations, to a large number of foreign debt, the assets of the enterprise internal gearing was as high as 90%. Such a development mode eventually led to bankruptcy due to the rupture of the capital chain within the enterprise, which officially filed for bankruptcy protection in April 2017.

After listing, enterprises must regularly disclose their production and operation status and financial development status to meet the demands of stakeholders. As the actual owners of the listed company, the shareholders have the right to know the internal management information and financial information of the enterprise so as to make reasonable investment decisions. In order to standardize the information disclosure behavior of listed enterprises, China has formulated relatively complete laws and regulations, which clearly regulate the time, content and format of information disclosure. These normative documents provide reliable conditions for the scientific rationality of the management of listed companies.

The disclosure of information by listed companies will inevitably bring certain risks. First, it is inevitable to publish some trade secrets, which will lead to the leakage of unconventional information and affect the image of the company. Second, internal information disclosure will also provide opportunities for competitors to make targeted production responses according to the enterprise dynamics, which is not conducive to the formation and implementation of internal decision-making. Third, through the information disclosed to the outside, the shareholders can know the operation and management status of the enterprise. When the shareholders are not optimistic about the development prospect of the company, they will sell their shares, which will reduce the enterprise value and make it more difficult for the enterprise to obtain financing from the capital market again.

Through the above analysis of the benefits, costs and risks of enterprise listing, it can be concluded that enterprise listing can effectively meet the internal capital needs, improve the level of operation and management, and enhance the social influence and market brand value of enterprises, which is of positive significance. But at the same time, we should also see that the listing of a company will bring risks such as change of control rights, disclosure of internal information and betrayal of shareholders, as well as sunk costs, leading to the risk explosion after the listing and the final delisting failure. But on the whole, the benefits of enterprise listed to far outweigh its disadvantages and cannot because there are shortcomings and fears listed avoidance, therefore, from a long-term perspective, the conditional enterprises should actively participate in the listed operation, improve internal management level, enhance core competitiveness, in order to realize the rise of enterprise development, robustness and sustainability, no conditions of enterprises to actively create conditions for listing.

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Essay代写:The transformation of current us economic policy

2019-11-12 17:22:10 | 日記
下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- The transformation of current us economic policy,供大家参考学习,这篇论文讨论了美国当前经济政策的转型。2017年,特朗普就任美国总统后,美国的经济政策转型朝着收缩和对抗的路径发展,欧洲、俄罗斯、日本等国家都想抓住美国的地缘真空扩展自己的势力范围,但是特朗普带有目的性的战线后撤会竭力防止美国的霸权遭到威胁。在霸权时代里,国家之间难免会走向隔绝和对立,因此以一种新的理论方式取代强权政治是未来保持世界稳定的重要方向。

Since trump took office in January 2017, the us economy has entered the trump era. He has made great adjustments to the us economy after taking office. During the implementation of his economic policies, he has been widely commented at home and abroad.

Before trump, the eight years of the democratic Obama administration, from 2008 to 2016, began with the financial crisis and ended with the Syrian quagmire. The United States elected its most controversial President in 2017, Donald trump, against the backdrop of a widening budget deficit and worsening debt that threatened to explode. Mr Trump has set a record for the lowest amount spent on a presidential campaign. Every presidential election costs hundreds of millions of dollars. Behind the President are the parties, behind the parties are the conglomerates. In the past few decades, the American party system, party system and media construction have grown into a benefit system. From primary elections to general elections, connections, money, qualifications and interests have become part of the democratic system. One conclusion to be drawn from this campaign is that money does not affect presidential elections as much as it used to.

Trump abandoned the instrumentalized measure of "political correctness" and started from the actual effect. He played several slogans in the campaign, such as "make America great again", "America first", "white supremacy" and so on, which really touched the voters. "White supremacy" is trump's choice to defend the status of the majority nation. As of January 2017, the U.S. population was 324 million, with 240 million white people, or 80 percent of the total population. However, the birth rate of white people is far lower than that of African Americans and Mexicans. Trump's immigration policy is also precisely because he is acutely aware of the potential dangers of irreconcilable racial tensions and low white birth rates, so he advocates reducing immigration and even building a wall on the Mexican border. "America first" is proposed by trump on the basis of industrial outflow, local hollowing out of production chain, increasing unemployment rate and unbalanced employment structure. The United States now does not have a complete industrial system, which is mainly reserved in the local technology, finance, entertainment media and other industries. The loss of a complete production system means that the United States loses competitiveness in many industries. In order to maintain the only core industries and gain more market share, trump believes that the United States should make it a priority to "get back what the United States has lost". Moreover, Mr Trump claimed that us interests abroad were not fully protected and that too much "wasted money" was being spent on projects such as joint defence. Judging by his two years in office, trump is indeed trying to restore the American economy, but whether the United States can continue to lead the world for a "hundred years" still needs to be questioned.

One of Mr Obama's legateswas the trans-pacific partnership, designed to isolate China for trade, which Mr Trump promptly scrapped, to the dismay of countries such as Japan. Japan, which had hoped to profit from increased confrontation between the us and China in east Asia, fell into a slump after Mr Trump took office. Trump's new policy marks the beginning of a new round of strategic contraction for the United States. In view of the foundation of America first, the implementation of the new economic policy, the four key strategies of his economic revitalization plan are tax reduction, trade protection, industrial relocation and infrastructure construction. First of all, trump has made a large tax cut for enterprises, hoping to reduce their operating costs and create a favorable corporate environment, so as to increase their r&d efforts and increase their profits to offset the fiscal loss caused by the tax cut. But there is no link between tax cuts and corporate profits, suggesting that the policy is designed to attract foreign capital. The United States attracts the attention of entrepreneurs from all over the world to the United States through public opinion propaganda, hoping to attract international capital to expand investment in this country by taking advantage of the advantages of low tax rate of the United States. However, compared with other countries, the disadvantages of labor cost and environmental protection cost of the United States are too great, so the implementation of this policy fails to reach the ideal goal. Second, to stop the hollowing out of domestic industries, Mr Trump has forced American foreign companies to move back and started trade wars around the world. America, initially, relying on its strong technology comparative advantage, technology, products exported the higher revenues in the economic globalization, however, with the popularity of technology and the development of other countries, the United States on the technology of this kind of comparative advantage weakened gradually, plus the internationalization of domestic enterprises in order to obtain the lower labor costs are multinational companies in foreign countries, and makes the domestic labor employment has fallen dramatically. Although the group suffering from this is a part of the people with lower technical ability in the United States, they make up the political majority. Therefore, these people strongly support certain trade protectionism policies, resulting in the "anti-globalization phenomenon" in the American policies. In the era of deep globalization, fighting trade protectionism will inevitably cause opposition at home and abroad. Trump laid out a long bill for China, Europe and others, citing the trade deficit as the cause of the widening us fiscal deficit and demanding tariffs on some goods. The most direct purpose of trade protection policy is to protect domestic enterprises and promote industrial reflux. The deep purpose is to use this as a bargaining chip with China, Europe and other countries to seek more benefits in the exchange of interests. Finally, Mr Trump has big domestic infrastructure. Infrastructure construction is the most routine and effective measure to improve employment rate. It can also change the aging of domestic infrastructure and increase social satisfaction. But building on American soil will be resisted by environmental groups, human rights groups, labor unions and others. Trump's economic policy has many drawbacks. The United States wants to strengthen the competitiveness of its goods in the global trade market and speed up the repatriation of the dollar, which is bound to bring the ebb of the dollar in the world, or even the depreciation of the dollar. The depreciation means that americans can hardly enjoy the benefits brought by the high exchange rate of the dollar. Other countries are certainly not willing to shiver in the deflation caused by the falling tide of the us dollar. With the listing of China's crude oil futures, the launch of the petroleum renminbi and the acceleration of the internationalization of the renminbi, and the hegemony of the us dollar in the absence of supporting measures, it is difficult to maintain the global economic and trade system by relying on the us dollar alone.

Against this backdrop, on March 22, 2019, long-end and short-end Treasury yields fell upside down for the first time since July 2007. The international financial market subsequently shows big fluctuation. Although the upside-down lasted a short time, it didn't stop there. On May 10, 2019, the yield of 3-month Treasury note and 10-year Treasury note was 2.429% and 2.426%, respectively. On May 28, three-month and 10-year Treasury yields were 2.356% and 2.269%, respectively. On May 29, the yield on the three-month Treasury note was 2.352% and the 10-year Treasury note 2.264%. International economists are currently debating whether the U.S. economy will fall into recession, as some economists use the upside down of long-short Treasury yields as a leading indicator of a recession or financial crisis.

Some economists see the upside down in U.S. Treasury yields as a strong warning sign that, if the trend continues, the U.S. economy could fall back into recession, financial markets could become volatile and the financial crisis could return. Historically, this has happened in the United States: Treasury yields went upside down, followed by a recession or financial crisis after a lag of a year to a year and a half. Economists have described in more detail the six times in the past 50 years that yields on three-month and 10-year Treasury notes have fallen upside down, each time leading to an inevitable recession or financial crisis. The most typical of these was the inversion of Treasury yields between July 2006 and May 2007, which became a strong warning sign of the global financial crisis in 2008. As a result, some investors worry that in the next six to 18 months, the U.S. economy may slip back into recession. Some economists also predict that if economic data, including consumption, continues to fall, the curse of upside down Treasury yields will be repeated. Other economists disagree. They believe that after the global financial crisis in 2008, the macro economy and financial markets in the United States have undergone significant changes, and the inverted Treasury bond yield phenomenon has lost its predictive function, which is difficult to continue as a leading indicator of the U.S. economic recession or financial crisis, especially a strong warning signal. Some economists argue that this round of upside down us Treasury yields means that the world economy has entered a new normal. Global inflation remains low, and central Banks are trying different ways to push down long-end interest rates, which is the main reason why U.S. Treasury yields are upside down. Given the relatively short duration of the upside down in Treasury yields, which lasted only about a week in March and only about 20 days in May, it will be up to macroeconomic performance in the second quarter and second half of the year to determine whether the economy is headed for a recession, they say.

The author believes that the long-end Treasury bond yield can indeed reflect the market's expectation of the future macro-economy, but the short-end Treasury bond yield is more influenced by the direction of macro-policy, so the inverted long-end Treasury bond yield is actually the result of the combination of market expectation and policy adjustment. In the recent period, due to the frequent adjustment of the macro policy in the us, the upside down of the long and short end Treasury bond yields is not enough to confirm that the us economy is going into a recession or that the global financial crisis will return. Another important factor to take into consideration is that since the second half of 2018, the global economic situation has changed rapidly, the international financial market has experienced violent fluctuations, and geopolitical tensions have re-emerged. Influenced by the rising global risk aversion, a large amount of money has flowed into the us long-term Treasury market, which has also lowered the long-term interest rate to some extent. Thus, the upside down of us Treasury bond yields in March and May 2019 indicates that the future us economic slowdown will be a high probability event, but it is still too early to conclude that the us economy will fall into a recession, which remains to be seen.

After trump took office as the US President, the us policy shifted towards the path of contraction and confrontation. Europe, Russia, Japan and other countries all want to seize the geopolitical vacuum of the us to expand their sphere of influence, but trump's purposeful retreat will try his best to prevent the hegemony of the us from being threatened. In the era of hegemony, it is inevitable for countries to become isolated and antagonistic. Therefore, replacing power politics with a new theoretical approach is an important direction to maintain world stability in the future. For China, it should seize the opportunity, accelerate the One Belt And One Road process and the internationalization of the RMB under the guidance of the "community of Shared future for mankind" and "Chinese dream", and play a greater role in world peace and development.

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