专业留学生范文：Skills in singing

下面为整理一篇优秀的essay范文给大家- Skills in singing，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了演唱的技巧。演唱是一门专业性极强的艺术，它的艺术感染力是要靠演唱者来体现。要想提高演唱的技巧，就必须要掌握演唱的技巧，而演唱技巧的包括唱歌的姿势、呼吸、发声和咬字等各方面的要求。演唱也是一种全身心都需参与的表演艺术，不仅全部身体都要参加，而且包括你的灵魂。

Singing is a highly professional art, its artistic appeal is to rely on the singer to reflect, the singer's voice notes and text symbols into process, is a process of artistic recreation, namely we often say "second creation". The poetry of a classic song and music are only on paper, and must be sung by the singer to make the audience feel fully. Therefore, as a singer, he should enrich himself from all aspects, improve his own cultural and artistic quality, and work hard on the hard work of recreating the art.

To improve the singing skills, you must first master the singing skills, and the training of the singing skills includes the requirements of the singing posture, breathing, vocalization and clenching.

The correct singing posture is not only the performance of the singer's good mood, but also the use of breath, the resonance adjustment and the effect of singing. During training, the singer should be allowed to develop a good singing habit. He will be able to keep his eyes straight, and his lower jaw will not be tense. His spine will be straight, his abdomen will be small and his waist will be stable. With singing high waist force, equivalent to a long after the balloon inflated, with the hand will lower a pinch, the upper xun bilge full up, this is compared to the diaphragm has risen to the vertices, cannot rise. We will waist is full of gas absorption, and then the waist and a closed, open frame to below the chest stand out, just like hand knead the role of the balloon, produced a strong, rising air currents, and that is exactly what we sing soprano to use.

Sing "qi" to sing, just start the high note not to use a lot of force, lightly sing up, then stabilize the force. The singer needs a large amount of lung capacity, such as some long, unventilated melodies, but don't be flushed and gasped after the singing. The lung capacity must be exercised regularly to maintain. Then there are certain techniques that can compensate for some of the lack of lung capacity. First practice breath, will be a good method to sound it can be a very good voice control through voice traffic, breath strength good singer can control the flow of popping, microphone also won't appear some flapping sound when singing. Of course, this also needs to relax the singer, don't be nervous, a nervous, the heart beat faster, your breath will not be more stable.

The person who has not learned vocal music is very flat, and with his voice, we call it "white", without color, without filtering. Sound should be at the root of the abdomen, imagine the sound through the back ridge, after the brain, to the mouth of the root, the whole sound should be upright, after the back. Find such a feeling: you big bite apple, show the teeth, at the same time of bite, send out the voice of "well", feel the sound and the location of the upper nasal cavity in the back of my mouth, it is the voice of a GongMingDian. Slightly in the next breath sinks, lower abdomen, lower abdomen forcibly a cap, in just the position of the voice, male Adam's apple down, girl notice more voice behind depend on the position, you will find that the voice is much than before. Often rely on a wall to practice to speak, because can contact you after back against the wall, make it much easier to find the feeling, and the chest resonance can resonate and wall, make it much easier to find the feeling of the thoracic cavity resonance. You can do it: shut up, issued a "well", a little with deep feeling, "um" longer, can feel the head and chest in vibration, imagine your voice is erect, often not flat; If the breath is good, this resonance will add color to your voice.

Pronunciation practice, the purpose of more fully in the final analysis is to sing songs, so must pay attention to the clear pronunciation, namely, correctly master the language echoes, a clear structure law of Chinese language, the song melody practices and diction. Practice singing, will each word according to the noise to lead long to rhyme pronunciation method, first read a few times, combining vocal exercises, acoustic band to word, makes every effort to achieve clear pronunciation and mellow voice, affectionately, singing when hair vowel focus, should as far as possible close to the acoustic area concentration, make the resonance of the three acoustic area cohesion and flexible adjustment.

Let's talk about some important aspects of song performance:

To sing a song, the first thing to understand is the work. In under the condition of not familiar with, don't you know it sing a song, if you only know pick it up without looking, open my mouth to sing, so in order to accurately express the content of the style is it impossible, I remember I was learning to sing the song "Beijing bridge", that will sing a melody to go, what songs of emotion, enunciation, port and so on are not ready, sing out the results of the effect is to let a person feel motherland years without love, so get a song, must be prepared to work.

Rhythm is the pillar of music, the sign of music. When mastering the rhythm of songs, we should be accurate and stable. It needs to be dynamic and energetic.

After having a feeling about the song, there should be a comprehensive overview of the song processing, including the speed, intensity, volume, tone and accompaniment of the whole song. , of course, these ideas are not blind or follow one's inclinations, the structure of the songs, music system, mode, melody of ups and downs, until the rhythm and harmony to the singer to general revelation of art performance, they can give direction to singer inner emotions, find all the climax of the music and songs.

Singing art is the art of sound combined with literature, we sing good songs, can't speak voice only, do not speak sentiment, on the other hand also not line, we deal with the songs of the ideological content, technique of expression, as well as a songwriter, song era background, have a comprehensive understanding and analysis, then the appropriate treatment, the song of the artistic image accurately complete reappear, achieved by affection acoustic band, affectionately. The skill and art, namely the sound and the feeling, have always been the two parts of the singing.

Singing of vocal musical in singing on the person's overall, not just by sympathetic voice, smell, or can be done alone, singing is a kind of heart is involved in performing arts, whole body not only to participate in the, but also your soul. Singing all kinds of factors should be together in a whole gripping the perfect art, that is to say, only affectionately, craft union, can achieve the moving state that singing, produced by Chinese art achievement. The sound and feeling are dialectical unity, mutually complementary. Whether it is a professional singer or amateur, in the usual training, to strengthen the consciousness of the whole singing, the singing voice and emotion expression, make sound, words, affection, get into the habit of sing with the mind.

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专业留学生论文赏析：Russia under Stalin

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay范文- Russia under Stalin，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了列宁斯大林时期的俄国。列宁斯大林时期的俄国沿着列宁“向西方学习”的步伐，进行了社会主义工业化建设。在坚持本国独立自主发展的基础上，大胆向西方学习，巧妙地利用资本主义世界经济危机和资本主义各国间的固有矛盾，吸收借鉴西方资本主义的先进成果，使苏联社会主义工业化的发展速度达到了历史上空前未有的水平，大大促进了苏联经济力量。

Russia is a country that has been influenced by the civilization of East and west. In the history of the 1000-year-old development of the nation, Russia has a long standing, dare to learn from others, diligent and good at learning from others, with the young passion of the national blood in the world stage of history and thrive. During the period of Lenin's Stalin, Soviet Russia made extensive study of the West, and it was worthy of future attention.

Russia's trans-Eurasian continent, from ancient to present is a tenacious, unconstrained people. In the course of long history development, Russia is deeply influenced by the interaction between East and West Civilizations, whose history has aroused the attention of the world with its great inclusiveness and absorption. Alekseieva, a famous Russian scholar, in his book "The Spread of new European things in Russia at the beginning of the 18―20 century", is a great admiration for its 18-20 century absorbing the Western culture. It turns out that Russia is a newcomer to the Empire, who dares to learn from others, diligent and adept at learning from other countries. In the course of a brief 1000-year history, Russia thrives on the world stage with the blood of youthful passion.

Unlike Europe, Russia did not experience a culture-revolutionary renaissance, until the end of the 15th century, when Russia was only a state of decline and economic backwardness of the Mongol Empire. In insignificance, the Russians never stop communicating with the outside world and learn from the experience of others ' success. As early as in 15th century, Ivan had hired the famous Italian architect to teach in Moscow, combining the Novgorod architectural style with the Italian Renaissance elements, casting the glorious Imperial capital of ―― Moscow. In the 16th century, Ivan paid more attention to education and extensively collected books and documents, and built a large library of Greek and Latin manuscripts, and a group of famous scholars with rich knowledge emerged. In the 17th century, Russia accumulated a certain amount of valuable knowledge and wealth in almost every scientific field. The knowledge of geometry, astronomy, physics, mechanics, medicine and chemistry was introduced from abroad, and the Knight's novel entered the Russian field of vision. In the early 18th century, Peter I stepped up the pace of Western Europe in order to overcome the backwardness of Russia. In the course of the ambassador's mission, the illustrious monarch even worked in the shipyard in Amsterdam, and took the initiative to learn from the craftsmen, as "a diligent and clever carpenter". Then he went to England to visit and study. After returning to the homeland, Peter carried out administrative, economic, military, religious and cultural reforms. And a large number of foreign professionals recruited to the country, to carry out scientific knowledge transfer; In order to better study Western European advanced culture, Russia vigorously carry out education development, training national specialized talents, and a large number of translation and publication of Western European countries of Science and technology works, the establishment of the Academy of Sciences, greatly promoted the After the reform of Peter the Great, Russia was impressed by the West as a true power.

After modern times, especially in the 1830s, as a crucial transition period in the history of the Soviet Union, Soviet Russia further increased the pace of learning from the west. After the establishment of the Soviet regime, the revolutionary tutor Lenin, starting from the national conditions of the Soviet Union, absorbed the reference of Marx's classical thought, and set forth the formula of Socialist construction equal to the Soviet regime plus the advanced technology of capitalism from the domestic objective situation. The Soviet regime had developed a strategic approach to the "economic exploitation, intensification and rapid use of capitalism in the West". Capitalism, he argues, is undoubtedly a scourge compared to socialism, but it is undeniable that it accumulates the world's most advanced science and technology. Science and technology, as the crystallization of the great wisdom of the working people, should be the wealth of all mankind and be used by all mankind. Therefore, Lenin not only theoretically demonstrated the necessity and possibility of using capitalist capital, technology and experience to develop socialist economy, but also specified clear policy limits and strategy in practical work. As Lenin said to American youth entrepreneur Hammer, "What we really need is US capital and technology so we can turn our wheels again." "To this end, the Soviet Union boldly adopted the" cultivation "of this form of state capitalism, from the west to introduce funds, technology, equipment and personnel, and effectively promote the recovery and revitalization of the national economy. Not only that, Lenin also pointed out, "whether socialism can be achieved depends on how well we combine the Soviet regime and the Soviet-administered organization with the latest advances in capitalism." "The implementation of the new economic policy after the transition from the wartime communism policy has played a great role in promoting the use of foreign funds and technology and the recovery and development of domestic industries." However, influenced by the external and domestic objective environment at that time, the Soviet Union's limited access to Western capital and technology has been preserved in the scope of scale and industry, which has laid the foundation for Stalin to develop the new situation of economic relations with the West under the guidance of the theory and policy of studying in the West.

After Lenin's death, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin carried out the construction of socialist industrialization along the pace of Lenin's "Learning from the West". On the basis of insisting on the independent development of the country, we should boldly learn from the West, skillfully use the inherent contradictions between capitalist world economic crisis and capitalist countries, absorb the advanced achievements of Western capitalism, take the joint venture company, sign the goods and technical assistance agreement, employ foreign experts and so on, introduce foreign capital, Machine equipment and science and technology, learning Western advanced management experience, and put forward the "technology to determine everything", "cadres determine everything" two practical, far-reaching important decision-making, the Soviet Union's socialist industrialization has reached unprecedented levels of development, greatly promoting the Soviet Union economic strength and comprehensive national strength of the growth is of great significance to the rapid development of the Soviet Union as a socialist power.

The development of Russia cannot be separated from its experience of advanced knowledge and culture in other countries. The course of human civilization development has also proved that the development of any country and nation must be based on mutual learning, reference, absorption and utilization and integrated. For our country, we must choose the appropriate form and way to meet the actual needs of the country in different historical periods, according to the change of domestic and international situation, and complete the task of enriching the prosperous state.

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优秀留学生论文赏析：Securitization of assets

下面整理一篇优秀的essay范文- Securitization of assets，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了资产证券化。资产证券化，指的是某一资产或资产组合采取证券资产这一价值形态的资产运营方式。信贷资产证券化产品和保险公司的资产证券化产品性质相同，因此彼此之间具有竞争性，但保险公司的资产证券化产品的期限较银行信贷资产证券化产品周期长。这样会弥补信贷资产证券化债券不足的一面，有利于吸引长期投资者参与，因而有利于证券市场的稳定。


The securities industry and the insurance industry are two pillar industries in the financial field, and they have cooperation in many aspects. From the angle of asset securitization, this paper expounds the relationship between the two, and promotes each other, and the asset securitization broadens the investment channel of insurance funds, which is beneficial to the steady operation of the insurance company. The participation of insurance companies provides the precondition and guarantee for the implementation of asset securitization, and the securitization of insurance assets is beneficial to the healthy development of the securities market.

At present, the investment channel of our country's insurance funds is still relatively narrow. According to article 80th of the Regulations on the management of insurance companies as amended June 15, 2004, the use of insurance funds is limited to: bank deposits, trading of government bonds, trading of financial bonds, trading in corporate bonds, trading in securities investment funds, and other funds used by the State Council. Insurance companies to use insurance funds to invest in specific ways, the proportion of specific varieties and the minimum rating should be in line with the relevant provisions of the CIRC. Due to strict regulatory requirements and the limit of investment ratio, China's insurance funds mainly invested in bank deposits and national debt, the two 1999-2007 years in total $number around, but the proportion of year down. The investment channel of insurance funds is less, especially the main investment variety market interest rate is lower, which leads to the low return rate of insurance funds in our country. According to statistics since 1999, China's insurance industry, the use of funds in the yield of almost yearly decline, 1999 is 4.66%, 2004 to the lowest 2.4%. In contrast with the low efficiency of domestic insurance funds, the investment return rate of foreign insurance in the same period is generally higher. In 1996-1999 years, the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, the insurance investment yield reached 7%, 8.3%, 9%, 5.8% and 7.8%. Foreign insurance funds have a wide range of investment channels, insurance funds not only to invest in various types of bonds, but also investment in domestic and foreign securities market.

China's insurance funds investment channels are less, on the one hand because of prudential requirements, strict supervision, on the other hand because the securities market is lack of innovation, the lack of suitable insurance funds investment risk of moderate investment varieties. In recent years, China's insurance regulatory departments have relaxed the investment channels of insurance funds, allowing insurance funds to invest directly in the securities market. According to statistics, by the end of March 2007, China's insurance funds to use the amount of 2.04 trillion yuan, compared to the beginning of the increase of 266 billion yuan. Among them, the bank deposits 634.41 billion yuan, accounting for 31%, bond investment 991.02 billion yuan, accounted for 48.5%. Stock Investment and Securities investment fund 373.26 billion yuan, accounted for 18.3%. It can be seen that the investment scope is greatly broadened and the investment variety increased.

The liberalization of the investment channel of insurance funds makes the yield of insurance funds increase greatly. According to statistics, China's insurance funds in 2005, the yield of 3.5%, completely reversed the insurance funds since 1999 decline in the rate of return. The large proportion of insurance funds invested in the securities market, especially the direct investment in the stock market brings huge profits, it must bring huge risks. 2005 stock market is relatively good, relatively high risk of low income. But after all, the stock is a high-risk investment variety, insurance funds are not suitable for excessive proportion of investment. The domestic and foreign practice has proved that the excessive proportion of stock investment is easy to form systemic risk, which leads to the decrease of the investment yield of insurance funds, which leads to the bankruptcy of insurance companies. 2004 China's PICC investment in the listed and unlisted securities net loss of nearly 948 million yuan, of which only the fund floating losses amounted to 740 million yuan, coupled with the Chinese life, Ping An insurance, the three major insurance companies have lost more than 2.5 billion yuan in investment.

This is also the case in foreign countries. Japan's stock market in the 80 's sharp rise in the market, resulting in Japanese insurance investment began to shift to the stock market. For 1988-1990 years, Japanese insurers were in the final frenzy of the Japanese stock market when they held more than 20% of their shares, but then the bubble burst, the Nikkei index fell from 45,000 to below 10,000, and Japanese insurers had to cut back on equity investments. And because of the bursting of Japan's domestic bubble, the economy hit and interest rates continued to fall, the insurance companies opted for relatively high and stable domestic government bonds and corporate bond markets and foreign securities markets in order to chase profits without repeating the mistakes of the stock market. The investment of British insurance companies is not only a high proportion of common stock, but also a big change. In the 90 's bull market, The proportion of British insurers ' investment in equities rose from 40.09% in 1990 to 48.13% in 1999, after 2000, when stock markets fell continuously and insurers continued to lose money, so they contracted quickly, and the proportion of investment in common stock was reduced to 32.86% in 2002.

Looking for a relatively small risk, high yield and stability, suitable for long-term investment is imminent. The property securitization products have this characteristic, especially the House mortgage securitization product, the risk is smaller, its risk is lower than the national debt, is higher than the enterprise Bond, belongs to "the silver margin bond" the income is higher, and the duration is long, this also conforms to the insurance fund especially the life insurance term characteristic. The risk of insurance companies is mainly by optimizing the term structure of their assets and liabilities, especially the life insurance liability period of 20-30 years, but the demand for return is high and stable. This requires insurance funds investment cycle long, High-yield products. As mentioned earlier, foreign insurance funds are keen to invest in real estate, various types of mortgages and longer-term securitization products. From table 1, we see that US insurance funds are mainly invested in medium and long term corporate bonds for more than 1 years, from 2000-2004 years to more than 1 years of medium-and long-term bond investment over 90%. Among them, more than 5 years of long-term bonds accounted for more than 60%, 1-5-year medium-term debt accounted for about 30%.

Investment in asset securitization products is beneficial to the steady operation of insurance companies, not only embodied in the asset securitization products have low risk, high profit advantage, but also in the insurance companies through the insurance asset securitization of the risk of decentralized underwriting, and asset securitization to increase the business scope of insurance companies, but also conducive to the steady operation and development of insurance companies.

Several key links in the process of asset securitization are inseparable from the guarantee and insurance provided by the insurance institution.

First of all, in the primary market, insurance institutions to insure and guarantee credit assets is the precondition of securitization of credit assets. Not all credit assets can be securitised, and securitization assets must be of high quality and should conform to the standards and characteristics of securitised assets, the most critical of which is the predictable and stable flow of cash. Only such high-quality assets can be packaged and sold in the two-tier market to build the asset pool of a special purpose carrier (SPV) on the two-tier market. This can be verified from the development of asset securitization. The initial asset securitization in the United States is the beginning of the securitization of residential mortgage loans, which is provided by the Federal Housing Authority to insure the mortgage-compliant residential mortgages provided by the depository institutions and commercial banks. The Veterans Administration also began to insure eligible mortgages in 1944. In addition to the overt and implicit insurance and guarantees provided by government agencies for residential mortgages, large private insurers are also beginning to provide mortgage-backed insurance to banks, which now form the Federal Housing Authority, the Veterans ' administration and the 8 major private insurers to provide residential mortgage insurance and guarantee systems together.

Secondly, in the two-level market, the insurance institution provides the guarantee of the asset pool through various ways, thus realizes the credit increment of the asset pool. In the two market, insurance companies can take a variety of ways to provide protection to the asset pool, in order to improve the credit rating of the asset pool. Under the internal increment approach, insurance companies can purchase subordinated securities to provide security for priority securities. In the external increase mode, insurance companies can provide the SPV with insurance, guarantee, Cash account and Standby

The letter of credit and other means provide security for securitization assets. From the practical experience of the United States, in the two market, the government-funded National Housing Mortgage Loan Association (GNMA) and two governments have initiated and enjoyed a wide range of policy concessions by private securitisation companies: The Federal National Housing Mortgage Association (FNMA) and the Federal Housing Mortgage Corporation (FLHMC) Responsible for acquiring and securitization of housing mortgage loans. Because the government's National Housing Mortgage Loan Association (GNMA) is a typical government agency, it has funding from Congress. A securitised product purchased and implemented by it and secured by it. The credit rating of this kind of government credit is relatively high, so it is called "Silver Margin Bond". Early Gnma only guarantees the collateral provided by the Federal Housing Authority, the Veterans Administration and the Rural Housing Credit Authority for insurance and guarantees. In fact, even if the government does not provide security, but because of its government property, the real risk, the government will not sit idly by, so it is still regarded as the government to provide implicit guarantee. The FNMA and FLHMC issued by the two major institutions with government background are also regarded as the implicit guarantee by the government. Private financial institutions without government background have since the 1980s entered the mortgage two market, specializing in the securitization of unconventional housing mortgages, such as Raymond Bros., Salomon Brothers and Merrill Lynch. The asset securitization products issued by them are often referred to as non institutional mortgage-backed securities (MBS). These must be rated by credit rating agencies, not enough investment-grade assets to be credit-augmented. There are four ways to improve the credit of mortgage-backed securities: Company guarantee, insurance combination of mortgage insurance company, bank letter of credit and priority/sub interest. In the case of a company providing security, the issuer of a traditional transfer of securities usually uses its own credit rating to guarantee the securities. For companies that need to look for an outside increase, their credit rating is often not high enough, at least not as high as the level of securities they need to issue, so companies often need to look for outside companies to vouch for them. An insurance company can be a guarantee. Bank letters of credit increase in the manner of little use, mainly because of the willingness to provide credit guarantees of commercial establishments, resulting in a high cost of L/C. Under the priority/secondary structure approach, insurance companies can purchase subordinated securities to act as external growth agents. In our country, 2005―1 Kaiyuan products are sold to external institutional investors. The insurance combination of the mortgage insurance company belongs to the typical insurance business. It can be seen that insurance companies play a fundamental role in the issuance of mortgage-backed securities.

With the further expansion of the scope of asset securitization, securitization assets are expanding and modern asset securitization is no longer a traditional asset securitization. In the traditional sense, the assets must be the solid quality assets of the mortgage, so the traditional asset securitization mainly concentrates on real estate and so on. Now, the future cash flow becomes collateral for securitised products, such as credit cards and various future receivables, as long as assets that generate cash flow can be securitised. This asset securitization product is now collectively referred to as asset-backed securities (ABS). In view of the absence of any kind of warranty, all asset-backed securities must be increased in credit to reach the investment grade. ABS credit increment is divided into two kinds, namely internal increment and external increment. There are three ways to increase external levels: corporate guarantees, bank letters of credit and bond insurance. This is similar to the same incremental approach in MBS, where insurers can play a more important role. There are also three ways to increase internal levels: reserves, excess mortgages and priority/secondary structures. There are two forms of reserves: The cash reserve and the excess operating balance account. The cash reserve is the direct cash deposit generated from the insurance income, which is usually used in conjunction with the external increase level. The most common way is the priority/secondary structure. This is similar to the priority/secondary structure of MBS, where insurers can provide security for priority securities by buying subprime securities. It can be seen that all kinds of insurance and guarantee play an important role in the smooth production of asset securitization. With the increasing of the virtualization of the securitization assets, it is necessary and important to guarantee the securitization of the asset pool to insure and guarantee the credit, so that the future can produce stable cash flow.

It can be said that through the insurance institutions to the proposed securitization assets of the credit increase, to ensure that the virtual securitization assets become a reality. In theory, any asset can be securitised. In reality, it depends on two aspects: the cost of credit increment and the comparison of the return of the securitization and the motives of the assets held by the original asset holders. As long as the return of the original assets is greater than the various costs of the securitization process, including the credit increment cost, the asset securitization can be carried out. This, of course, is a different story if the original asset holder's motives are based on a one-off value overflow, if the original asset holder has an incentive to hold assets.

Insurance company Asset securitization refers to a series of use, quality, repayment period of the same or similar, and can produce large-scale cash flow of the policy, through the restructuring of the structure and the concentration of the quantity on the basis of the asset issued securities for the process of financing. Its essence is to convert the cash flow of insurance companies into tradable financial securities. The asset securitization of insurance company includes two parts: part is the asset securitization of insurance company, the other part is the liability securitization of insurance company. The asset securitization of the insurance company and the bank's credit asset securitization are similar, which is that the insurance companies use the premium income or the assets invested by their own funds to carry out the securitization, which is not suitable for our country to carry out, because the channel of the insurance funds utilization is still comparatively limited, mainly concentrates on the bank There is also a small amount of portfolio investment. These investments are either in the form of cash assets, such as bank deposits, or in the form of securities with particularly strong liquidity, such as equities. Neither of these assets is securitisation. In addition, long term bonds are in line with the long term matching characteristics of insurance companies ' assets and liabilities management, which is the part that insurance companies need to strengthen and not securitization. Securitization is only needed when regulators allow insurers to invest in industrial assets. This can be done in relation to asset-backed securities (ABS) programs. At present, insurance companies have access to infrastructure investment qualifications, such as Port construction, highway construction and other national infrastructure projects. Generally speaking, the insurance company Asset securitization refers to the insurance company's liability securitization. Debt securitization and asset securitization are the same principle, but the object of securitization, that is, the subject matter of securitization is different. The former is a liability, and the latter is an asset. When the liability of the insurance company is securitization, the subject matter of the proposed securitization is mainly the insurance company's various policies, which are the risks insured by each policy, such as life insurance policy, Enterprise annuity policy, auto loan insurance, housing loan insurance, policy pledge loan and various catastrophe insurance.

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优秀留学生论文欣赏：The protection of historic blocks

下面整理一篇优秀的essay范文给大家- The protection of historic blocks，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了历史街区的保护。如今，历史街区已经被视作一种不可再生的资源了，所以在城市发展中我们必须要对它进行保护。历史街区内的历史文脉、建筑景观、社会关系等的发展构成了历史街区生命的延续。合理的历史街区的更新应是分期、分步推进的。若条件尚不成熟则应谨慎处理，不要盲目改造设计。

Today, historic neighborhoods have been regarded as a non-renewable resource, and we should cherish these historic neighborhoods as much as minerals and oil. Along with the development and progress of the times, the unique city culture has been paid more and more attention by people. In the practice of urban design, there are many problems, such as the rational renewal of traditional blocks, the continuation of regional culture, the prominent characteristics of the city, and the revitalization of the neighbourhood.

A key element is architecture, but these buildings are not isolated architectural monomers. The buildings in the historical block are scattered, primary and secondary, and the connection echoes constitute a harmonious whole. It is these structures and functions that are linked together that make the whole historic block have a rich and pleasant space. Therefore, the designer must take control of the whole of the historical block, grasp the space, style and context of the whole block, so that the renovation of the block is still a harmonious unity of the whole.

The diversity of the environment is also the most important in the protection and renewal practice of historic districts. The first is the diversity of life, the activities of people in the neighbourhood are the source of the vitality of the block, so a variety of life activities is the fundamental to maintain the vitality of the neighbourhood, and secondly, the diversity of sense, should be reasonable to preserve the various characteristics of the blocks in each of the buildings and structures, in order to maintain the diverse landscape. However, it is necessary to note that this diversity is not chaotic, should be orderly, in the renewal should do a good job of spatial integration and reconstruction.

The vitality of the historic block rests on the sense of place in which it is formed. Designers should be people-oriented, fully consider the psychological and behavioral needs of users to create a pleasant block space.

The development of historical context, architectural landscape, social relations and so on in historical blocks constitute the continuation of life in historical blocks. It should maintain its "life" to protect, develop and update historic districts. The concept of sustainable development revises the idea of Dajian in the reconstruction of urban renewal. The renewal of a reasonable historical block should be phased and step by stage. In the History district protection renewal practice, finds out the main problem of the historical block, under the condition to allow the preferential treatment, if the condition is immature then should handle carefully, do not blindly transform the design.

The spatial texture is the most able to show the regional nature of the historical block. In the urban design of the historic district protection and renewal, there will be different ideas to deal with the existing spatial texture and the building environment, and the corresponding space form will also be produced. Historical blocks often have a unique style and cultural characteristics, so the space texture and the continuation of historical context has become the basic principle of protection and renewal practice. For buildings that will be built in the neighbourhood, they should follow the texture of the old blocks. New buildings placed or inserted or replaced in old buildings for organic protection and alteration. Should not be for the pursuit of the surface of the environment to beautify the large-scale demolition and new, lost the historical context of the block.

First of all, the coordination of space scale is a kind of designer's pursuit of beauty, in practice, the new building should be in harmony with the original historic block in the aspect of volume and style. Secondly, the urban design of historical blocks not only should look at the spatial scale from the esthetics level, but also pay attention to the historical block space accord with human body scale, the suitable human body scale facilitates the user in the block area, enhances the use efficiency of the block space.

In general, the height-width ratio of buildings and streets in historic neighborhoods is greater than 1:2. Functionally, life and commercial streets are more open than traffic streets, and geographically, the colder parts of the north are more open than the hot areas of the south. Therefore, in the protection and renewal practice, we should pay attention to the influence of many factors such as region, climate, environment atmosphere, use function and so on space scale. It should be noted that the streets of the life of the road should not be blindly widened, should be reasonably set the width of the road, so that it conforms to the standard of human use, to facilitate the user back and forth through the road, into the streets on both sides of the building interior space.

On the spatial interface, the main focus of urban design is its pattern, color, texture and so on. The spatial interface of building is the most intuitive perception, and its material, color, style, scale, detail and so on should be paid attention to. In addition, no building is an independent individual, they are an important element of the historic block, starting from the whole block of buildings, consider the unified interface formed by the façade of the continuity, rhythm, and the interface with its external space relations. The control of the urban design for the building interface is to ensure the whole sense of the block entity space and to coexist harmoniously with the surroundings.

The bottom interface of the historic block space is the road interface, which covers the geometric shape of the road, the relationship between the building and the road, and the road pavement. In the historical block, the road plane form is turning, curved, branched and reticulate, so the rich road network form bears the colorful street landscape, and the designer pays attention to the design of protection and renewal. The ground is one of the most accessible interfaces with people, and users can easily pay attention to the interface when they walk around the block. The ground is cleverly designed by designers to convey far-reaching connotations that inspire users to associate. The design of the ground interface in the regional city of History Street embodies the most vivid on the pavement, and the road paved with road, gravel, Fang Shilu and green brick. The different design of the paving material also corresponds to the different level of the street space, and the main street of many historic blocks is the stone road, and the alley is either the green brick road or the pebble path. For the protection of the historic District, it is advisable to use the local building materials in the area, and to extend the traditional paving mode to reflect the regional features, so that users resonate.

Historic District protection and renovation of urban design, should protect and reasonable use of traditional historical values of neighbourhoods, streets and buildings. To explore the local cultural characteristics, the continuation of the historical context, focus on the spirit of the place, respect for the feelings of users. The renovation of historic districts shows that modern urban design is going to be complex, the designer can not only complete the design of the material building space and landscape environment, but also strive to create a good social atmosphere and an efficient internal mechanism.

51due留学教育原创版权郑重声明：原创essay代写范文源自编辑创作，未经官方许可，网站谢绝转载。对于侵权行为，未经同意的情况下，51Due有权追究法律责任。主要业务有essay代写、assignment代写、paper代写服务。

优秀留学生论文欣赏：Editors' consciousness of TV journalists

下面整理一篇优秀的essay范文给大家- Editors’ consciousness of TV journalists，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了电视新闻记者的编辑意识。对于电视新闻记者而言，时效性是非常重要的一个方面，而编辑意识的提高能够有效地提升新闻的时效性，达到提升节目质量的效果。而为了让电视新闻得以顺利播出，所有的工作环节都应该紧密相扣，缺一不可，不能出丝毫的差错。

In recent years, due to the rapid development of social economy, the development of media industry in China is becoming more and more perfect. Compared with the traditional media, the advantages of TV media are stronger. Because through the television media, the audience can through the audio-visual combination of the way to achieve an immersive feeling. But not all TV programs attract viewers ' attention. Therefore, how to achieve the success of the audience, which is a TV reporter's editorial awareness and ability to have a high demand. Thus, in order to successfully produce a compelling television program, journalists should focus on improving their ability to interview and editing, and avoid unnecessary mistakes in editorial work.

For TV news, timeliness is a very important aspect, and the improvement of editorial consciousness can effectively improve the timeliness of news. As we all know, the value of a news is inseparable from its timeliness, on the other hand, the timeliness of news is the soul of news and the foundation of news existence. Therefore, TV news workers in the interview work, must pay attention to the timeliness of the news. Under the premise of guaranteeing the timeliness of news, a true and moving story plus a headline that can be a blogger's eye is the key to attracting the audience. And a good press release only shows its worth in the first time.

The improvement of the editorial consciousness can achieve the effect of improving the program quality, and in order to let the TV news broadcast smoothly, all the work links should be closely linked, indispensable, can not make the slightest mistake. Therefore, in order to have the best overall effect of the program, we need to work closely with every staff of the TV news programme. For a television journalist, only to complete their own interview is not enough, but also should be in the late work closely with the staff to communicate, only in this way to maximize the guaranteed value of the news broadcast.

Since journalists always stand on the front line of events, a reporter can always get firsthand information about the occurrence and change of an event. and the enhancement of editors ' consciousness can let the reporter integrate more positive aspects into the report of the event, so that the positive energy is effectively spread and thus bring positive influence to the development of the society.

A good understanding of the policy, keen insight and good professionalism are the competencies that a TV journalist must have. However, if you want to be a TV journalist with good policy understanding, you should have the following requirements: First, the study of the party's policy principles and the understanding of the spirit connotation embodied in the policies of the party and the state. Only in this way can we spread positive energy in our daily journalistic work; second, journalists ' news stories cannot be contrary to national policy guidelines; Third, journalists should have a high level of political awareness. Only in this way can we avoid mistakes in our work and spread positive energy.

First of all, TV news workers in order to better complete their work, should be in the work of strengthening their own learning and broaden their horizons and knowledge, can flexibly use a variety of news writing skills. At the same time, should also improve their spiritual state, grasp the latest wind direction; second, strengthen editorial awareness and policy awareness is also a television journalist should do. In the process of work, journalists should treat every news event with a rigorous and scientific attitude, and from the perspective of the audience, the news broadcast can fully meet the needs of the audience. For a television journalist, only a strong sense of planning to better write the above requirements of the press release. In this regard, in addition to the ability of the journalist to look at the overall situation, but also should dig deeper into the news of the deeper connotation. Finally, having a high level of writing skills is also very important for television journalists. Only a high level of writing ability to write a compelling eye-catching, rich content of the press release. Therefore, as a television journalist can not ignore their own writing ability, and should take effective means to improve their writing ability.

Because of the uniqueness of the television media, it requires audio-visual integration, so it is very important to have a high level of photography compared with the traditional media. Television journalists cannot simply understand that they are all news-making, and that photographers are an important part of television reporters. Shoot news and television, the news can not be produced later, this is a higher demand for photographers, they in the news filming process must be one, not out of the slightest careless. This requires photographers in addition to basic photographic knowledge, but also a keen observation, know what is the focus, grasp the details. Photographer's work has a high degree of flexibility, can not be orderly, to know how to improvise, in other words, in the process of news filming to have the initiative, not entirely based on the way the reporters should be integrated into their own thinking, have their own unique mode of thinking. In order to make a spiritual, soul-spirited news work, the photographer has to have his own mode of thinking, thus, to become a good photographer should have their own unique mode of thinking.

The production of any television program is divided into front and behind the scenes. After interviewing journalists to finish their interviews and write the press releases, their work will gradually be handed over to later workers. In order to make good TV programs successfully, we need the cooperation of the TV journalists from all departments. In the process of handover, the journalists should communicate with the behind-the-scenes workers, synthesize the opinions and suggestions, and make their own opinions and suggestions, which will be based on the further modification and improvement of their own press releases. In this project, television journalists can learn some new skills related to editing from the later workers, which can make up for their shortcomings and deficiencies. So as to avoid the emergence of major differences, but also to avoid television programs in the process of Shong sense, so that the work of the late news to get the greatest degree of perfection.

A high level of editorial awareness is the basic criterion to measure the excellence of a TV journalist. In the concrete Daily news work, the television news worker only strengthens own specialized ability unceasingly, enhances own writing ability unceasingly, unceasingly optimizes own policy understanding ability, can improve the television news quality, comprehensively enhances own specialized accomplishment and the editorial consciousness, becomes an outstanding television journalist.

51due留学教育原创版权郑重声明：原创essay代写范文源自编辑创作，未经官方许可，网站谢绝转载。对于侵权行为，未经同意的情况下，51Due有权追究法律责任。主要业务有essay代写、assignment代写、paper代写服务。