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news20090627BRT

2009-06-27 19:40:06 | Weblog
[Biography of the Day] from [Britannica]
June 27



[On This Day] from [Britannica]
June 27



[Today's Word] from [Dr. Kazuo Iwata]
June 27
Literature is my Utopia. No barrier of the senses shut me out from the sweet, gracious discourse of my book friends.
Helen Adams Keller (born this day in 1880)

(文学は私の理想郷です。感官の障害が、書物という友人たちの美しく、ありがたいお話から私を閉め出すこともないのです。)

news20090627JT1

2009-06-27 18:50:39 | Weblog
[TODAY'S TOP STORIES] from [The Japan Times]

[NATIONAL NEWS]
Saturday, June 27, 2009
Bill drafted for JCG, MSDF to inspect North vessels
Skippers who refuse to heave to for cargo checks face prison, fines

By MASAMI ITO
Staff writer

A project team of the Liberal Democratic Party-New Komeito ruling bloc endorsed the outline of a special bill to enable both the Japan Coast Guard and the Maritime Self-Defense Force to inspect vessels sailing to or from North Korea suspected of being involved in arms shipments.

The government and ruling coalition have been keen on drafting and enacting the bill as soon as possible, following the recent U.N. resolution 1874, which calls on member states to inspect vessels to prevent Pyongyang from engaging in arms-related shipments.

The bill stipulates that cargo inspections will largely be handled by the coast guard,while the MSDF will mainly be tasked with following suspect vessels and collecting information on them.

However, the MSDF will be able to check ships in special cases, including if it has prior information that a vessel is heavily armed, according to New Komeito's Shigeki Sato, who cochairs the project team with LDP lawmaker and ex-Defense Minister Gen Nakatani.

Under the bill, cargo inspections will be conducted in both Japanese territorial waters and on the high seas and would allow authorities to seize and keep items impound vessels. The captain could be imprisoned for up to two years or fined up to 100 million in the event of a refusal to cooperate.

The government is set to submit the bill to the Diet in early July and aims to enact it during the current Diet session, which has been extended to July 28. But its enactment also depends on when Prime Minister Taro Aso decides to dissolve the Lower House and call a snap election.

Sato stressed the importance of passing the bill during the Diet session.

"Japan cannot just neglect (the situation), saying we can't do anything because we have no law," Sato said. "We think it is rational to make sure Japan has a domestic law that firmly" allows ship inspections.

Contrary to the recently enacted antipiracy law that relaxed regulations on the use of military force, Nakatani and Sato explained that under their agreed plan, weapons could only be used in accordance with current law.


[NATIONAL NEWS]
Saturday, June 27, 2009
Upper House mulls transplant law
By ALEX MARTIN
Staff writer

The Upper House began deliberations Friday on two amendments to the organ transplant law.

One amendment, Plan A, would scrap the age limit, opening the door for children to donate organs. It cleared the Lower House on June 18.

A counterproposal, which was submitted by opposition party lawmakers Tuesday, calls for keeping the current age limit of 15 in place while spending a year to create a new government panel to examine the matter.

Tsutomu Tomioka, a Liberal Democratic Party who supports Plan A, said it was important to revise the law, and pointed to the low number of organ donations from brain-dead people as proof that the current law is ineffective.

"I believe it is no exaggeration to say that it is the Diet's failure that is robbing people of their right to receive donations," he said.

There have only been 81 reported cases of organs being donated from brain-dead patients since the current law was enacted 12 years ago.

Upper House legislator Ryuhei Kawada, an independent backing the counterproposal, said detailed deliberations are necessary from all possible angles before moving on.

"This could potentially create a major social problem unless we respond properly to the issues surrounding organ donations," Kawada said.

Brain death is a sensitive issue in Japan, where the definition of death has traditionally been tied to "sanchokoshi" (the three indicators of death): cessation of the heart and lungs and dilation of the pupils.

The current law recognizes brain death only in cases where people have already declared an intention to donate organs and if their family members agree. It also stipulates that one must be 15 or older to donate.

Plan A would toss out this age limit and allow organs to be harvested from patients as long as they never opposed organ donation while they were alive, and if family members give their consent. The counterproposal wants a research set up at the Cabinet Office to weigh the criteria for determining brain death in kids


[NATIONAL NEWS]
Saturday, June 27, 2009
Kawamura retracts skin color gaffe
By MASAMI ITO
Staff writer

Chief Cabinet Secretary Takeo Kawamura was quick to retract what could be considered a racist remark Friday over the color of late pop star Michael Jackson's skin.

During a news conference Friday morning, the media reported a news flash on Jackson's death, and Kawamura was asked by a reporter to comment on his passing.

Admitting that he was not very familiar with either Jackson or his songs, Kawamura expressed regret over the sudden tragedy, and went on to reveal that he had seen the late singer at former South Korean President Kim Dae Jung's inauguration in 1998.

"I had extremely little knowledge (about Jackson) but I remember he looked completely white and I did not get the impression that he was black at all," Kawamura said.

Later during the same news conference, Kawamura withdrew his statement, saying it could cause "misunderstanding."

His words "must not be (considered) a discriminatory remark," Kawamura said. "That was not my intention at all . . . please let me retract it.

"It was extremely regrettable that such a major star met with an untimely death," Kawamura said.

Unlike Prime Minister Taro Aso, who has been repeatedly criticized for his verbal gaffes, the soft-spoken Kawamura is usually more careful, often attempting to explain and excuse his boss' slips of the tongue.


[NATIONAL NEWS]
Saturday, June 27, 2009
80% of kids either bullies, victims

(Kyodo News) More than 80 percent of school-age children surveyed have both engaged in and fallen victim to bullying, the National Institute for Educational Policy Research said Friday.

The finding indicates that every child has the potential to become involved in both sides of bullying, the institute said, adding that it will compile a handout based on the survey results for circulation among teachers of all schools.

Bullying cases at elementary, junior high and high schools across Japan tallied by the education ministry stood at around 100,000 in the 2007 academic year, slightly lower than in 2006.

The institute studied roughly 4,800 students at 13 elementary and six junior high schools in an unidentified city in the Tokyo area for three years from 2004, it said.

Of 687 children who were in the first year of junior high school in June 2004, 401, or 58.4, percent said they have suffered none of the three forms of bullying surveyed — being shunned by friends, ignored or talked about behind their backs.

But only 135, or 19.7, percent gave the same answer in November of their third year, and 80.3 percent said they have been bullied.

When asked if they have acted as a bully, only 18.7 percent said no in the third year, against 81.3 percent who said yes.

A similar survey of 738 elementary school pupils from the time they were fourth-graders to sixth-graders showed that 97, or 13.1 percent, said they had never suffered from bullying, while 86.9 percent said they have been bullied and 84.0 percent said they have acted as bullies.

In the most serious cases, two of the junior high school students and 10 of the elementary school kids said they have been bullied at least once a week throughout the three-year period.

"Victims are constantly changing," the institute said, urging teachers and others addressing the problem to "alter the perception that bullies and victims are specific children."

Hosei University professor Naoki Ogi, a critic on education issues, said: "The survey is significant in confirming that any child can fall victim to bullying. But the important thing is to consider how we can prevent bullying."

news20090627JT2

2009-06-27 18:42:10 | Weblog
[TODAY'S TOP STORIES] from [The Japan Times]

[BUSINESS NEWS]
Saturday, June 27, 2009
Sato's call to freeze Japan Post IPOs challenges privatization

(Kyodo News) Internal affairs minister Tsutomu Sato urged Japan Post Holdings Co. on Friday to freeze its initial public offerings of shares in itself and two of its subsidiaries planned for fiscal 2010.

"No one believes stock offerings are appropriate," Sato told a news conference.

The government ordered Japan Post in April to improve its business practices following several scandals, including its aborted sale of the Kampo no Yado resort inn network.

"I doubt if it should consider the matter while carrying out business improvements over the next one year," the minister said.

Sato touched on the IPO freeze for the first time since taking the helm of the Internal Affairs and Communications Ministry.

He succeeded Kunio Hatoyama, who resigned June 12 to protest Prime Minister Taro Aso's decision to allow Yoshifumi Nishikawa to retain the Japan Post presidency, despite the scandals.

Sato's remarks on the IPO freeze are expected to prompt calls to reconsider the privatization of the postal system, which started in October 2007 with its breakup into Japan Post as a holding company and four subsidiaries under it.

Sato had earlier called for re-examining the privatization process, which is planned to take 10 years.

Japan Post has plans to list itself and two subsidiaries — Japan Post Bank Co. and Japan Post Insurance Co. — in fiscal 2010 at the earliest. Japan Post is required under law to release all shares in the two subsidiaries by September 2017. The government is set to retain an equity stake of at least one-third in the holding company even after its IPO.


[BUSINESS NEWS]
Saturday, June 27, 2009
Citibank hit by retail suspension
Compiled from Kyodo, AP

The Financial Services Agency on Friday ordered Citibank Japan Ltd. to suspend its retail banking operations for a month starting July 15 because it isn't trying hard enough to prevent money-laundering.

The orders were issued after the banking watchdog discovered that Citibank's system for monitoring business involving police-designated crime syndicates and other antisocial organizations was not being updated.

In fact, Citibank Japan maintains several hundred accounts for people affiliated with "antisociety groups," including yakuza, the FSA said.

"Although the bank's arrangements for reporting suspicious transactions, notably money-laundering, hinge on detection chiefly through a database, the data entered are extremely limited, and furthermore, no maintenance has been conducted since 2004," the FSA said in a statement.

The bank "did not maintain a control mechanism necessary to detect, monitor and follow up on suspicious transactions," the agency said.

The FSA gave Citibank Japan its first administrative order in September 2004 for failing to ensure its internal auditing and governance procedures were combating money-laundering.

Citibank Japan, a relatively small player in the domestic consumer banking market, will suspend all sales operations at its retail division from July 15 to Aug. 14.

The suspension covers advertising, sales campaigns and solicitation, but does not disallow potential customers from seeking business with the bank. Nor does it affect Citibank's corporate division.

In addition to the suspension, the FSA issued the struggling bank its second business-improvement order in five years, requiring it to come up with an initial report by the end of September and subsequent reports every three months.

The bank apologized to its customers for the penalties.

"Citibank Japan is committed to implement all necessary measures to prevent any future occurrence of the problems identified," it said.

The bank said it will submit a business-improvement plan to the FSA by July 31 and vowed to "clarify responsibility for this matter and take appropriate disciplinary action."


[BUSINESS NEWS]
Saturday, June 27, 2009
Sumitomo Trust about to ink Nikko Asset deal

(Kyodo News) Sumitomo Trust & Banking Co. is making final arrangements to buy Nikko Asset Management Co., a local unit of U.S. financial giant Citigroup Inc., for over 100 billion after obtaining preferential rights for the acquisition, sources said Friday.

The two parties will try to ink the formal agreement sometime next week, the sources said. Sumitomo, which already has an asset management subsidiary, will try to expand its business by acquiring Nikko Asset Management.

The bank's management has determined that the acquisition would also generate great synergy effects with its main trust investment business.

Sumitomo Trust, which has midsize STB Asset Management Co. under its wing, also hopes to curb management expenses through the deal to address recent declines in fund management fees as a result of increased competition.

The sale of the Japanese asset management unit is part of Citigroup's restructuring program.



[BUSINESS NEWS]
Saturday, June 27, 2009
Hundreds show up to buy latest iPhone
By KAZUAKI NAGATA
Staff writer

About 200 people lined up Friday morning in Tokyo's Omotesando district for the chance to buy Apple Inc.'s new iPhone 3GS, the latest model in the iPhone series and Softbank Corp.'s mobile phone lineup.

Many had already lined up outside the Softbank flagship store by 6:30 a.m.

"The revolution of the Internet . . . the mobile Internet is growing, and people can always carry (some device to connect to) the Internet, and the Internet will be part of their daily lives," said Softbank CEO Masayoshi Son at a ceremony that started at 6:40 a.m. at the shop, where popular actress Aya Ueto was also on hand.

Son told the crowd his iPhone had changed his lifestyle in the past year, saying he accesses the Internet at least three times more frequently than he used to.

The new models come with a faster processor that enables its texting service program to start up 2.1 times faster. The built-in camera is upgraded from 2 megapixels to 3 and is now equipped with auto-focus.

The 16-gigabyte model is priced at \11,520, while the 32-GB version is \23,040, based on a special campaign offer that obliges consumers to sign up to use the phone for at least two years.

"I am so excited that I can't really find words to say," said Taisuke Fujimoto of Tokyo, a 22-year-old student who was the first in line.

"I am interested in video, so I plan to shoot and upload a lot of videos," he said, mentioning one of the new functions that the previous model did not have.

As a digital display counter ticked down to 10 seconds, the crowd joined the countdown to the 7 a.m. opening time.

While the ceremony attracted hundreds of people and media attention, some telecom observers have noted that the iPhone's sales have not been as brisk in Japan as elsewhere.

While Apple and Softbank have declined to disclose unit sales in Japan, observers say it is unlikely the iPhone has sold 1 million units here, the usual standard for a hit in the Japanese market, which saw 34.64 million cell phones shipped in fiscal 2008.

"I think there would have been a press release if unit sales had reached a million," said Makio Inui, managing director and telecom analyst at UBS Securities Japan.

Market watchers point out the Japanese cell phone market, dominated by Japanese makers, has already seen a number of high-tech smart phones, which users can use to access the Internet, watch TV or even use to shop at stores and pass through ticket gates at train stations. Not even the latest iPhone has this e-money function, while an attachment is needed to watch digital TV.

The new iPhone 3GS, however, may provide a fresh chance for Son. The latest models sold more than 1 million units overseas in the first three days on the market earlier this month.

Although Son did not mention specific numbers for the sales goal, he emphasized that iPhones, unlike conventional phones, have been steady growers.

"A cell phone's sales normally peak two or three months after its debut. But iPhone sales have continued to grow," Son said.

news20090627LAT1

2009-06-27 17:56:13 | Weblog
[Today's Newspaper] from [Los Angeles Times]

[Top News]
Michael Jackson: the wounds, the broken heart
Pop music critic Robert Hilburn recalls the years when the public turned its back on the singer. 'I'm lonely,' a 23-year-old Jackson said.

By Robert Hilburn
June 27, 2009

I'll always regret that my last conversation with Michael Jackson ended with him angrily hanging up the phone -- at least I've long thought of Michael's mood that day more than a decade ago as angry. I realize now that a more accurate description would be "wounded."

Michael was among the sweetest and most talented people I met during 35 years covering pop music for the Los Angeles Times.


I was fortunate to be present at many of his proudest moments. I was in the audience the night in 1983 that he unveiled the electrifying Moonwalk on the Motown TV special and in the studio in 1985 for the all-star "We Are the World" recording session. I was with him at the Jackson family home in Encino soon after he purchased the Beatles song catalog in 1985.

Michael struck me as one of the most fragile and lonely people I've ever met. His heart may have finally stopped beating Thursday afternoon, but it had been broken long ago.

During weekends I spent with him on the road during the Jacksons' "Victory" tour in 1984, I learned that he was so traumatized by events during his late teens -- notably the rejection by fans who missed the "little" Michael of the Jackson 5 days -- that he relied desperately on fame to protect him from further pain. In the end, that overriding need for celebrity was at the root of his tragedy.

I was fortunate to be present at many of his proudest moments. I was in the audience the night in 1983 that he unveiled the electrifying Moonwalk on the Motown TV special and in the studio in 1985 for the all-star "We Are the World" recording session. I was with him at the Jackson family home in Encino soon after he purchased the Beatles song catalog in 1985.

Michael struck me as one of the most fragile and lonely people I've ever met. His heart may have finally stopped beating Thursday afternoon, but it had been broken long ago.

During weekends I spent with him on the road during the Jacksons' "Victory" tour in 1984, I learned that he was so traumatized by events during his late teens -- notably the rejection by fans who missed the "little" Michael of the Jackson 5 days -- that he relied desperately on fame to protect him from further pain. In the end, that overriding need for celebrity was at the root of his tragedy.

I first met Michael in the early days of the Jackson 5 at the family home in Los Angeles, and the memory that stands out is that Michael, as cute and wide-eyed as an 11-year-old could be, was eager to get through the interview so he could watch cartoons before having to go to bed.

When I caught up with him a decade later, his personality had changed radically. That happy-go-lucky kid was nowhere to be found.

Michael's sales had fallen off dramatically in the mid-1970s, and by the time he reemerged with the hit "Off the Wall" album in 1979, he was scarred emotionally. There's often a gap between a performer's public and private sides, but rarely was it as noticeable as with Michael.

Sitting at the rear of the tour bus after a triumphant concert in St. Louis in 1981, Michael was anxious, frequently bowing his head as he whispered answers to my questions. In contrast to the charismatic, strutting figure on stage, he wrestled with a Bambi-like shyness. Despite the resurgence in his popularity, he complained of feeling alone -- almost abandoned. He was 23.

When I asked why he didn't live on his own like his brothers, rather than at his parents' house, he said, "Oh, no, I think I'd die on my own. I'd be so lonely. Even at home, I'm lonely. I sit in my room and sometimes cry. It is so hard to make friends, and there are some things you can't talk to your parents or family about. I sometimes walk around the neighborhood at night, just hoping to find someone to talk to. But I just end up coming home."

That's as far as Michael could go that night to explain his deep-rooted anguish. It would be four more years before he was willing to tell me more.

Michael had signed a book deal with Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, an editor at Doubleday, before the "Victory" tour, and he wanted me to help him write it. I spent several weekends on the road with him during the tour. I soon discovered that Michael -- who guarded his privacy at all costs -- wanted to put together a picture book, while Onassis wanted a full-scale biography.

After a showdown between the two, Michael's longtime attorney and friend John Branca called to thank me for my efforts and said Doubleday was going in a different direction. My involvement ended.

During our time together, my conversations with Michael sometimes led -- once the tape recorder was off -- to darker moments from his past. One night when we were going through a stack of old photos, a picture of him in his late teens triggered a sudden openness.

"Ohh, that's horrible," he said, recoiling from the picture.

Michael explained that his face was so covered with acne and his nose so large at that time that visitors to the family home in Encino sometimes wouldn't recognize him. "They would come up, look me straight in the eye and ask if I knew where that 'cute little Michael' was." It was as if the "whole world was saying, 'How dare you grow up on us.' "

Michael said he started looking down at the floor when people approached or would stay in his room when visitors came to the house.

Michael vowed to do whatever it took to make people "love me again." The rejection fueled his ambition to be the biggest pop star in the world and to try to make his face beautiful. Unfortunately, Michael's need was so great that no amount of love seemed to be enough.

The stage was his sanctuary. There, he was larger than life and no one could threaten him. Every time he left the stage, he said, he felt vulnerable again.

In the 1981 interview, he told me, "My real goal is to fulfill God's purpose. I didn't choose to sing or dance. But that's my role, and I want to do it better than anybody else. I still remember the first time I sang in kindergarten class. I sang 'Climb Every Mountain,' and everyone got so excited.

"It's beautiful at the shows when people join together. It's our own little world. For that hour and a half, we try to show there is hope and goodness. It's only when you step back outside the building that you see all the craziness."

Michael's hunger for fame and success struck me as increasingly obsessive and unhealthy.

Even though 1982's "Thriller" was the biggest-selling album of all time, Michael told me one night that his next album would sell twice as many copies. I thought he was joking, but he had never been more serious.

As years went by, I watched with sadness as his music went from the wonderful self-affirmation and endearing spirit of "Thriller" to something increasingly calculated and soulless. His impact in the marketplace waned accordingly. It appeared that his desperate need for ultra stardom -- the "King of Pop" proclamation -- and his escalating eccentricities made it difficult for audiences to identify with him.

Even some of his "Thriller" fans were ultimately turned off. In the public mind, he went from the "King of Pop" to the "King of Hype."


When I surveyed leading record industry executives in 1995 to determine pop's hottest properties, Michael wasn't in the top 20.

One executive said flatly: "The thing he doesn't understand is that he'd be better off in the long run if he made a great record that only went to No. 20 than if he hyped another mediocre record to No. 1. The thing he needs is credibility."

Another executive said simply that Michael was "over."

Michael was furious when he called me the day after the story ran in The Times.

How could I betray him by writing such lies?

Couldn't I see the record executives were just jealous?

I tried gently to tell him that I thought there was some truth in what the executives were saying and that he had lost touch with the qualities that once made him so endearing.

"That hurts me, Robert," he said, his voice quivering.

I felt bad.

I started to say that he could be as big as ever if he would only . . . , but I couldn't complete the sentence.

Michael hung up.

After that, I followed his life from a distance -- the child molestation charges, the battle with painkillers, the marriage to Lisa Marie Presley, the increasingly bizarre lifestyle.

Although he would periodically announce recording projects or touring plans, I couldn't imagine, after all the humiliation and disappointment, that Michael could find the strength to step in front of the public again. I thought the fear of failure was too great. It was easier to stay in a fantasy land.

So I was surprised when he announced that he was returning to the stage in a few weeks and was even more surprised when he sold out 50 nights at the O2 Arena in London.

Maybe Michael was stronger than I thought. It took enormous courage to be willing to go back on stage for what could be a make-or-break moment -- and the ticket demand must have given him hope. Despite all that had happened, he saw that he was still loved by millions of fans.

In the best scenario, Michael, 50, would have triumphed in London, not only erasing his mountain of debt but also restoring to himself the sense of invincibility that fame represented. Failure in those shows, however, could have left him even more wounded and vulnerable.

CONTINUED ON newsLAT2

news20090627LAT2

2009-06-27 17:46:56 | Weblog
[Today's Newspaper] from [Los Angeles Times]

[Top News]
Michael Jackson: the wounds, the broken heart
Pop music critic Robert Hilburn recalls the years when the public turned its back on the singer. 'I'm lonely,' a 23-year-old Jackson said.

By Robert Hilburn
June 27, 2009

CONTINUED FROM newsLAT1

As the July dates neared, I imagined Michael's anxiety mounting day by day, even hour by hour. There must have been days when he felt he could do it, could reclaim his crown with a series of breathtaking performances and stand forever alongside Elvis Presley and the Beatles in pop music lore.

But what if he was wrong?

What if he wasn't strong enough, physically and emotionally? What if he couldn't live up to expectations?

What if no amount of adulation could make him feel safe again?

The stress must have been immense -- and maybe in the end it was too much for his broken heart.

Robert Hilburn was The Times' pop music critic from 1970 to 2005. Parts of this article are excerpted from his memoir, "Corn Flakes With John Lennon, and Other Tales From a Rock 'n' Roll Life," which will be published in October.

news20090627NYT1

2009-06-27 16:54:21 | Weblog
[Today's Newspaper] from [The New York Times]

[U.S.]
Medication Is a Focus of Jackson Inquiry
By JENNIFER STEINHAUER
Published: June 26, 2009

LOS ANGELES — Having completed a preliminary autopsy, Los Angeles County medical officials said Friday that Michael Jackson had taken prescription medications but that the cause of his sudden death would not be known for weeks, pending toxicology tests.

As his fans across the globe continued to mourn the fallen pop star, questions about the last minutes of his life with his doctor at his side, the fate of his children and his complex financial dealings began to slowly and inconclusively unravel.

Craig Harvey, chief investigator for the Los Angeles County coroner’s office, said that there was no evidence of trauma or foul play and that the family was free to take Mr. Jackson’s body on Friday evening.

“There will be no final ruling as to the cause and manner of death until requested tests results have been received and reviewed in context with the autopsy findings,” Mr. Harvey said. That process will take four to six weeks to complete.

The police investigation into Mr. Jackson’s death on Thursday — which one police official called “highly resource-intensive” — focused in part on his private doctor, Conrad Murray. The authorities impounded Dr. Murray’s car at Mr. Jackson’s rented home in Holmby Hills late Thursday, with the hope of finding clues to what led to the singer’s cardiac arrest. Police officials interviewed Dr. Murray on Thursday and intended to do so again, officials said.

“Every investigation can go one way or another,” said Deputy Chief Charlie Beck, the chief of detectives. “But nothing suggests criminality at this point.”

Detective Beck said the department’s robbery and homicide division had been assigned to the case only because of its high-profile nature.

The 50-year-old pop star, who had been preparing for a lengthy comeback concert series in London, was rushed to U.C.L.A. Medical Center shortly after noon Thursday by paramedics and was pronounced dead in the emergency room.

A 911 tape released Friday featured the voice of a young man imploring an ambulance to hurry to Mr. Jackson’s home, where he described a doctor frantically trying to revive Mr. Jackson. When asked if anyone had seen what happened, the unidentified man replied: “No, just the doctor, sir. He’s not responding to CPR. He’s pumping his chest, but he’s not responding to anything.”

Dr. Murray, who public records show is a 56-year-old cardiologist with a practice in Las Vegas, has lived in numerous homes over the last decade in several states, filed for personal bankruptcy in 1992 in California and has five tax liens against him for hundreds of thousands of dollars.

According to HealthGrades, a health care ratings company, Dr. Murray is board certified in neither of his two specialties, internal medicine and cardiology. Board certification is not required to practice a specialty but is recommended and indicates a high level of training and expertise.

The death of Mr. Jackson was the latest Twitter-enhanced luminary spectacle that is specific to Los Angeles, with the customary body-slamming paparazzi, weeping celebrities, grim-faced officials trying to maintain dignity and tourists seeking their succor along Hollywood Boulevard, where the police were forced to place barricades on Friday to hold back the throngs seeking to peer at his star on the Walk of Fame.

The mourning continued beyond American soil. From Moscow to Paris — where fans moonwalked around Notre Dame — celebrations of Mr. Jackson’s life continued into Friday evening.

A central concern now of the Jackson family is the fate of Mr. Jackson’s three children, who lived and traveled with him but were rarely seen in public.

For now, they are being cared for by their grandmother, Katherine Jackson, said Frank DiLeo, the singer’s manager at the time of his death. Mr. DiLeo said the children were at the hospital and in an adjacent room when they were told of their father’s death.

Debbie Rowe, who was married to the singer for three years ending in 1999 and is the mother of the two oldest children, Michael Joseph Jackson, 12, and Paris Michael Katherine Jackson, 11, has fought in recent years to have her parental rights restored. (A private settlement was reached in 2006.)

“If they have a reasonably good relationship she will probably get custody,” said Scott Altman, a law professor at the University of Southern California and child custody expert. “It is unusual for biological parents not to get custody when the custodial parent has died.”

Mr. Jackson’s youngest child, 7-year-old Prince Michael Jackson II, is the son of a surrogate mother who has never been identified. On Friday, however, one of the star’s financial advisers, Alvin Malnik, who said he is the godfather of the youngest Jackson, said he had signed a document at one point saying that if Mr. Jackson died, “I would provide for Prince Michael in the same capacity as I would provide for my own kids.”

Mr. Malnik, who lives in Florida, said he had not been contacted by anyone since Mr. Jackson’s death.

A biographer, Stacy Brown, said Friday that Mr. Jackson’s wish was for the children’s longtime nanny, Grace Rwaramba, to take on a more formal role should anything happen to him.

Questions are almost certain to be raised about Mr. Jackson’s health as he prepared for his comeback tour; he had a long, intricate history of health problems, according to people who knew him, but they were not easy to pin down.

“It’s always been a subject of confusion,” said J. Randy Taraborrelli, a Jackson biographer who knew him for 40 years. “He has not been addicted to painkillers for 30 years, but he has had addiction over time that was resolved and then resurfaced, and was resolved and then resurfaced.”

Mr. Brown said Mr. Jackson’s family had been recently concerned about his use of painkillers, which had started up again a few months ago, he said, and “tried a number of different times” to get the star to quit once and for all.

Mr. Jackson had become “very frail, totally, totally underweight,” Mr. Brown said, adding that the family had worried that he would not be healthy enough to handle the pressure of performing. None of Mr. Jackson’s doctors could be reached Friday.

news20090627NYT2

2009-06-27 16:46:37 | Weblog
[Today's Newspaper] from [The New York Times]

[politics]
House Passes Bill to Address Threat of Climate Change
By JOHN M. BRODER
Published: June 26, 2009

WASHINGTON — The House passed legislation on Friday intended to address global warming and transform the way the nation produces and uses energy.

The vote was the first time either house of Congress had approved a bill meant to curb the heat-trapping gases scientists have linked to climate change. The legislation, which passed despite deep divisions among Democrats, could lead to profound changes in many sectors of the economy, including electric power generation, agriculture, manufacturing and construction.

The bill’s passage, by 219 to 212, with 44 Democrats voting against it, also established a marker for the United States when international negotiations on a new climate change treaty begin later this year.

At the heart of the legislation is a cap-and-trade system that sets a limit on overall emissions of heat-trapping gases while allowing utilities, manufacturers and other emitters to trade pollution permits, or allowances, among themselves. The cap would grow tighter over the years, pushing up the price of emissions and presumably driving industry to find cleaner ways of making energy.

President Obama hailed the House passage of the bill as “a bold and necessary step.” He said in a statement that he looked forward to Senate action that would send a bill to his desk “so that we can say, at long last, that this was the moment when we decided to confront America’s energy challenge and reclaim America’s future.”

Mr. Obama had lobbied wavering lawmakers in recent days, and Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton and former Vice President Al Gore had made personal appeals to dozens of fence-sitters.

As difficult as House passage proved, it is just the beginning of the energy and climate debate in Congress. The issue now moves to the Senate, where political divisions and regional differences are even more stark.

Representative Henry A. Waxman, Democrat of California, a co-sponsor of the bill, called the vote a “decisive and historic action” that would position the United States as a leader in energy efficiency and technology.

But the legislation, a patchwork of compromises, falls far short of what many European governments and environmentalists have said is needed to avert the worst effects of global warming. And it pitted liberal Democrats from the East and West Coasts against more conservative Democrats from areas dependent on coal for electricity and on heavy manufacturing for jobs.

While some environmentalists enthusiastically supported the legislation, others, including Greenpeace and Friends of the Earth, opposed it. Industry officials were split, with the United States Chamber of Commerce and the National Association of Manufacturers opposing the bill and some of the nation’s biggest corporations, including Dow Chemical and Ford, backing it.

Republican leaders called the legislation a national energy tax and predicted that those who voted for the measure would pay a heavy price at the polls next year.

“No matter how you doctor it or tailor it,” said Representative Joe Pitts, Republican of Pennsylvania, “it is a tax.”

Only eight Republicans voted for the bill, which runs to more than 1,300 pages.

Representative John Boehner of Ohio, the Republican leader, stalled the vote by using his privilege as a party leader to consume just over an hour by reading from a 300-page amendment added in the early hours of Friday.

Apart from its domestic implications, the legislation represents a first step toward measurable cuts in carbon dioxide emissions that administration officials can point to when the United States joins other nations in negotiating a new global climate change treaty later this year. For nearly 20 years, the United States has resisted mandatory limits on heat-trapping emissions.

The German chancellor, Angela Merkel, who was in Washington on Friday to meet with Mr. Obama, strongly endorsed the bill even though it fell short of European goals for reducing the emissions of heat-trapping gases.

Mrs. Merkel, a longtime advocate of strong curbs on emissions, has been pushing the United States to take a leading role before the climate negotiations, set for December in Copenhagen.

After meeting with Mr. Obama, she said she had seen a “sea change” in the United States on climate policy that she could not have imagined a year ago when President George W. Bush was in office.

The House legislation reflects a series of concessions necessary to attract the support of Democrats from different regions and with different ideologies. In the months of horse-trading before the vote Friday, the bill’s targets for emissions of heat-trapping gases were weakened, its mandate for renewable electricity was scaled back, and incentives for industries were sweetened.

The bill’s sponsors were making deals on the House floor right up until the time of the vote. They set aside money for new energy research and a hurricane study center in Florida.

The final bill has a goal of reducing greenhouse gases in the United States to 17 percent below 2005 levels by 2020, and 83 percent by midcentury.

When the program is scheduled to begin, in 2012, the estimated price of a permit to emit a ton of carbon dioxide will be about $13. That is projected to rise steadily as emission limits come down, but the bill contains a provision to prevent costs from rising too quickly in any one year.

The bill would grant a majority of the permits free in the early years of the program, to keep costs low. The Congressional Budget Office estimated that the average American household would pay an additional $175 a year in energy costs by 2020 as a result of the provision, while the poorest households would receive rebates that would lower their annual energy costs by $40.

Several House members expressed concern about the market to be created in carbon allowances, saying it posed the same risks as those in markets in other kinds of derivatives. Regulation of such markets would be divided among the Environmental Protection Agency, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.

The bill also sets a national standard of 20 percent for the production of renewable electricity by 2020, although a third of that could be met with efficiency measures rather than renewable energy sources like solar, wind and geothermal power.

It also devotes billions of dollars to new energy projects and subsidies for low-carbon agricultural practices, research on cleaner coal and electric vehicle development.

Mr. Gore, who shared a Nobel Peace Prize for his work on global warming, posted an appeal on his blog for passage of the legislation.

“This bill doesn’t solve every problem,” Mr. Gore said, “but passage today means that we build momentum for the debate coming up in the Senate and negotiations for the treaty talks in December which will put in place a global solution to the climate crisis. There is no backup plan.”

news20090627WP1

2009-06-27 15:52:20 | Weblog
[Today's Newspaper] fom [The Washington Post]

[Arts & Living]
Coroner: No Sign of Trauma, Foul Play in Jackson's Death
Finding Cause May Take Weeks; Fans Grieve Worldwide

By Ann Gerhart and Ashley Surdin
Washington Post Staff Writers
Saturday, June 27, 2009

As thousands gathered and wept near Michael Jackson's star on Hollywood's Walk of Fame, Los Angeles authorities yesterday bore down on the grim task of learning what killed the pop superstar, at 50, as he was about to embark on a lucrative 50-concert comeback tour.

Police seized a car used by a cardiologist who had been with Jackson when paramedics answered a 911 call at the singer's rented mansion Thursday.

The Los Angeles County coroner finished a three-hour autopsy yesterday and found no signs of trauma or foul play.

But spokesman Craig Harvey said a cause of death might not be known for four to six weeks, pending results from toxicology, pulmonary and neuropathology tests. He said Jackson had been taking some prescription drugs, but he refused to identify them.

Detectives talked briefly with cardiologist Conrad R. Murray Jr. and planned to question him more extensively, police said, but the department has not opened a criminal investigation.

"His car was impounded because it may contain medications or other evidence that may assist the coroner in determining the cause of death," police spokeswoman Karen Rayner said. The cardiologist had been hired less than two weeks ago by concert promoters to accompany the singer to London, Jackson associate Tohme Tohme, a physician, told the Los Angeles Times.

Murray is a native of Grenada and a 1989 graduate of Meharry Medical College in Nashville; he is licensed to practice in California, Nevada and Texas, state records show. His public record in California, where he was licensed in 2005, indicated no formal investigations involving him. Several civil judgments, totaling hundreds of thousands of dollars, have been issued against him in recent years, according to Nevada and Minnesota court records.

Murray treated Jackson for a cold last year when the singer was living in Las Vegas, Tohme said.

Jackson's parents and his three children remained in seclusion in nearby Encino yesterday. It was unclear who would gain custody of Prince, 12, and Paris, 11, his children with Debbie Rowe. Prince Michael II, 7, also known as "Blanket," is Jackson's child by a surrogate mother who has never been identified.

Facts trickled in and Twittered out during the day, each one seized by a global fan base so hungry for details that Google News initially suspected it was under automated attack, the Internet search giant said.

The audio recording of the 911 call featured a man urgently pleading with dispatchers to send an ambulance for a "gentleman here who needs help. He's not conscious. . . . He's not breathing." A doctor was performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation on the male, the caller said, but he never mentioned that the male in distress was Michael Jackson.

In January 2007, Jackson had settled with a Beverly Hills pharmacy that sued him for more than $100,000 in unpaid bills. The original news of that dispute had gone largely unnoticed; yesterday it turned into cable news scrawl, as did the list of previous Jackson ailments: back pain, painkiller addiction, vitiligo, chest pain.

In life, Jackson was hardly a collection of facts. He spent a lifetime subverting reality, settling a lawsuit to silence the most taboo of allegations, appearing to glide backward on air, resculpting the very face he showed the world.

But, in death, great energy began to go toward verifying exactly what happened to a 50-year-old man, living in a rented mansion, rehearsing to take his show on the road for what he said was his final tour.

The Michael Jackson infotainment industry cranked into action one last time, a cavalcade of weepers, scolds, spurned spokesfolk and theorists: Deepak Chopra, Donna Brazile, Sheryl Crow, ex-wife Lisa Marie Presley, alleged childhood friends from Gary, Ind.

Brian Oxman, who called himself a Jackson friend and former attorney, made the rounds of the talk shows yesterday to opine on what he called Jackson's escalating drug use: "I told the family that if Michael wound up dead I would not be silent, I would raise an alarm," he said. "Michael needed better care than what I think he has received."

Celebrity publicist Michael Levine sent a mass e-mail: "As someone who served as Michael Jackson's publicist during the 1st child-molestation incident, I must confess I am not surprised by today's tragic news. Michael has been on an impossibly difficult and often self-destructive journey for years. His talent was unquestionable but so, too, was his discomfort with the norms of the world. A human simply can not withstand this level of prolonged stress."

But Hamid Mouallem, a New York internist in practice for 40 years, said in an interview yesterday that he treated Jackson in 2005 for "only minor complaints. Nothing serious." He said he had become friendly with the singer, who invited the doctor and his children to his house several times.

"There was no sign of drug abuse or medications of any kind," Mouallem said. "He didn't show any sign of a heart problem when I knew him. There were no complaints about that part of his body."

In the shimmering California sunshine yesterday, massive crowds pressed together in the streets simply to be near Jackson's star. Superman and Marilyn Monroe impersonators lined the sidewalks. "It's like a movie premiere out there," said Police Officer Paula Davidson, commenting on an outpouring that she suspected would only build through the weekend.

A growing wreath of flowers and teddy bears encircled Jackson's star. "I can see you dancing on," read a letter in pencil. A white glittered glove rested just under Jackson's name on the pink and gold star.

Koen Van der Elst, 36, and Ruth Bosmans, 35, of Belgium waited at the wrong end of the line. For what, they weren't sure. It was their first day on vacation, and they just had to see, they said.

"In Belgium, not many people can say, 'Wow, I was here when Michael Jackson died,' " said Van der Elst, a backpack in tow and a camera slung around his neck.

Baltimore native Jade Greer, 28, who was also on vacation, leaned on the press barricade nearby. "It's bittersweet. It's a tragedy, but it's sweet so many people came out here. And in the heat. . . . Yes," she said, looking at the growing crowd, "it's love. I think it's love."

Up in the hills, near the Holmby Hills home where Jackson had been living, Starline tour buses packed with people kept rolling by.

Kinga Kozdran ) came from Thousand Oaks, 35 miles away, to "pay my respects." Kozdran and her husband, Marek Niklas, grew up in a small town in Poland under communist rule. "He was a symbol of the great America," she said. "He represented individuality to us. His music crossed the border of communism. You weren't supposed to buy it. It was a symbol of the horrible corrupt capitalism."

"Like Coca-Cola," her husband said.

Capitalism was good for decades to the King of Pop, but he died Thursday under a mountain of debt estimated at between $400 million and $500 million.

"Quite frankly, he may be worth more dead than alive," Jerry Reisman, general counsel for the Hit Factory, a recording studio where Jackson produced his best-selling album, "Thriller," told the Associated Press.

Fans drove the star's music back up the charts, emptying CD bins at stores and sending online sales soaring. Jackson records made up the entire Top 5 of iTunes' Top Albums -- with "Thriller" at No. 2 and the "Thriller 25th Anniversary" release at No. 5. On Amazon.com, the 25th anniversary release was No. 1; all of the site's top 10 albums, and 18 of the top 20, were Jackson's.

In London in March, Jackson had announced he would perform a series of concerts at the O2 arena there.

"This is it. I just want to say these will be my final show performances in London. This is it; when I say this is it, this is it," Jackson told the crowd, Rolling Stone reported. "I'll be performing the songs my fans want to hear -- this is it. This is really it. This is the final curtain call. I'll see you in July."

His schedule grew to 50 London concerts -- one for every year of his life -- and Jackson had been rehearsing for the past two months. Wednesday, he prepped on a big stage: the Staples Center, home to the Los Angeles Lakers basketball team.

In London, ticketholders began to queue up for refunds, a process made more complicated because people bought tickets to sold-out shows for huge sums from unauthorized dealers.

Among Jackson's possible creditors were the organizers of a proposed Jackson 5 reunion concert who last month filed a $40 million lawsuit against the singer, claiming that the "This Is It" London tour violated the terms of their 2008 contract. New Jersey-based promoter AllGood Entertainment claimed breach of contract and fraud, and demanded $20 million in compensatory damages and $20 million in punitive damages, according to the Guardian newspaper in London. The suit alleges that in November 2008, Jackson's manager, Frank DiLeo, signed an agreement promising that Jackson would perform in Texas in July 2010, along with his brothers, Marlon, Jackie, Tito, Randy and Jermaine, and that he had agreed not to perform solo until that time.

CONTINUED ON newsWP2

news20090627WP2

2009-06-27 15:46:22 | Weblog
[Today's Newspaper] fom [The Washington Post]

[Arts & Living]
Coroner: No Sign of Trauma, Foul Play in Jackson's Death
Finding Cause May Take Weeks; Fans Grieve Worldwide

By Ann Gerhart and Ashley Surdin
Washington Post Staff Writers
Saturday, June 27, 2009

CONTINUED FROM newsWP1

Raymone Bain, a press secretary to former District mayor Marion Barry, also filed suit against Jackson last month. She became his general manager in 2006, helming his business interests, settling legal matters, overseeing his living expenses and payroll, and supervising his moves as he relocated from France to Ireland to Las Vegas.

But in late 2007, she said that Jackson suddenly stopped calling her, and signed up with a different group to plan the London concerts. Bain claimed she was owed $44 million in unpaid business earnings.

Early yesterday, she said she was devastated by the news of Jackson's death.

"I'm hoping I'll wake up and it will be like the old days," she said, "when I had to send out a press release saying Michael Jackson isn't dead, please stop disseminating these vicious rumors, it's not true."

news20090627GDC1

2009-06-27 14:53:56 | Weblog
[Environment] from [guardian.co.uk]

[Climate Change]
Barack Obama's US climate change bill passes key Congress vote
Suzanne Goldenberg, US environment correspondent

The Guardian, Saturday 27 June 2009
Article history

America has taken historic action against climate change, with the US Congress voting to reduce the carbon emissions that cause global warming.

The house of representatives has voted 219 to 212 to bind the US to cutting carbon emissions by 17% from 2005 levels in 2020 and 83% in 2050. It will also set up a national cap and trade system.

Democrats claimed the bill – the first such measure ever to win a vote in Congress – as an important victory.

"The house has passed the most important energy and environment bill in our nation's history," said Ed Markey, one of the bill's authors. "Scientists say global warming is a dangerous man-made problem. Today we are saying clean energy will be the American-made solution."

Even the bill's most implacable opponents acknowledged its importance in transforming US energy use. "This could be the defining bill of this Congress," said Republican house leader John Boehner.

The bill must still clear the Senate – where it faces even more daunting odds – before it can be signed into law. But the vote was indisputably an important victory for Barack Obama and Democrats in Congress. For Obama, it was a first step towards redemption of one of his signature campaign promises, within six months of coming to the White House.

The vote also delivers an important boost to the prospects of reaching an agreement for international action on climate change at Copenhagen this year.

"I think it will have a very positive impact on the Copenhagen process because the international negotiations have largely been stymied by countries waiting to see what the US will do," said Jennifer Haverkamp, the director of international climate policy for the Environmental Defence Fund. "Passage of the house bill is just one step in that process, but it is such a crucial step and a high hurdle."

In addition to establishing a cap and trade system that is the heart of the 1,200-page bill, the measures approved by the house would require power companies to produce 15% of their electricity from wind and solar energy.

But the bill's passage was hard-won. By the time of the vote, the Democratic leadership had made several major concessions to win support from party refuseniks, weakening the bill. Several environmental organisations admitted they were disappointed. Greenpeace went so far as to call on Congress to reject it.

Even after giving ground on the bill, the White House and Democrats were forced to go to extraordinary lengths to muster enough support for passage. Obama put his personal prestige on the line – making three appeals in the space of 48 hours this week for Congress to deliver the bill.

The White House also oversaw a furious public relations effort to sell the sweeping package of energy reforms as a jobs creation programme.

Nancy Pelosi, the Democratic speaker, and her lieutenants lobbied till the last minute to round up final stragglers, but heroic measures were needed. Patrick Kennedy of Massachusetts, who checked in to a rehab clinic two weeks ago, returned to Congress; so did John Lewis of Georgia despite having surgery only days ago.Forty-four Democrats – mostly from conservative and rural areas – voted against the measure. However, eight Republicans voted for the bill, breaking their party's blanket opposition to action on climate change, and allowing Obama to claim a share of bipartisan support for his energy reforms.


[Climate Change]
Gordon Brown puts $100bn price tag on climate adaptation
Prime minister attempts to move stalling political talks on global warming away from targets and towards the cost of mitigation

David Adam, environment correspondent
guardian.co.uk, Friday 26 June 2009 15.11 BST
Article history

Gordon Brown today attempted to seize the political initiative on climate change by calling for rich countries to hand over $100bn (£60bn) each year to help the developing world cope with the effects of global warming.

In a speech at London zoo, the prime minister said the cash offer was intended to break the political stalemate over a new global deal on greenhouse gas emissions. He said the "security of our planet and our humanity" rested on such a treaty being agreed at key UN negotiations in Copenhagen in December.

"Over recent years the world has woken to the reality of climate change. But the fact is that we have not yet joined together to act against it. Copenhagen must be the moment we do so," Brown said. "As always, this will involve a calculus of national and collective interests, with each yielding something for the common good."

Aides said the speech was intended to provide fresh momentum to the stalling political talks on global warming. In exchange for greater action on climate as part of a new deal, the developing world wants money to help it cut carbon emissions and adapt to a warmer world. Earlier this month, EU leaders postponed a decision on such funds until October.

Brown said: "If we are to achieve an agreement in Copenhagen, I believe we must move the debate from a stand-off over hypothetical figures to active negotiation on real mitigation actions and real contributions."

Under the plan, funding would begin in 2013 and rise to $100bn a year by 2020. The money would be raised from private and public sources, such as levies on international carbon trading schemes. Developing countries would be able to apply for funds for specific projects. "I would urge the leading developing countries to bring forward ambitious and concrete propositions ... that could be financed by these sources," Brown said.

Brown is expected to discuss the plan with world leaders including Barack Obama. Because the UK will negotiate at Copenhagen as part of the EU-bloc, the suggestion will have to be agreed in Brussels before it could be put forward as a formal offer as part of the Copenhagen negotiations.

The annual $100bn falls well short of what China and other developing nations have demanded in climate funding. The G77 group of nations has suggested that rich countries could hand over 1% of their GDP, a figure that British government sources consider unfeasible. "That's a totally unrealistic number. It doesn't even bring us to the negotiating table," one said.

Green campaigners welcomed the speech but were unhappy with the reliance on carbon markets to generate the necessary funds.

Greenpeace said: "Brown is right when he says the scale of the money on the table for the developing world will make or break Copenhagen. By becoming the first major leader to put a figure on how much money is needed he has shown signs of leadership on climate change that have so far been sorely lacking."

news20090627GDC2

2009-06-27 14:46:20 | Weblog
[Environment] from [guardian.co.uk]

[Whaling]
International whaling summit ends in disarray
International Whaling Commission's annual conference in Madeira ends in stalemate, with outgoing chairman suggesting the species could be better protected by lifting the ban on commercial whaling

Gwladys Fouché
guardian.co.uk, Friday 26 June 2009 14.38 BST
Article history

International talks on the future of whaling ended in shambles last night, with no deal between pro- and anti-whaling nations, and the outgoing whaling commission chairman suggesting more whales could be saved if the ban on commercial whaling was lifted.

The International Whaling Commission (IWC)'s yearly conference ended in Madeira, Portugal, a day ahead of schedule with no agreement reached on any of the issues on the table. Instead participants agreed to continue discussions for another year.

Environmentalists called the meeting a "missed opportunity".

"It's been yet another year of talks," said Willie Mackenzie, oceans campaigner at Greenpeace. "It has been a frustrating time of not much happening. And in the meantime, whaling continues."

Immediately after the conference, the outgoing IWC chairman suggested that whale conservation could be better served by lifting the 1986 moratorium protecting whales from extinction. "I'll probably get in trouble for making this statement, but I am probably convinced right now that there would be less whales killed if we didn't have the commercial moratorium," Dr William Hogarth told BBC News.

He suggested that a regulated hunt would be better than currently unregulated "scientific" whaling conducted by Japan. "I'm not sure you'd need nearly so many whales if it were strictly for sustainable use," Hogarth said.

One glimmer of hope for conservationists was the announcement that in Norway, whalers were asked to suspend their hunt mid-season because demand for whale meat has already been fulfilled. The Nordic country caught less than half of its annual quota of 855 minke whales, already reduced from last year's quota of 1,052.

"This confirms that Norwegian whaling continues in a falling market. Nobody wants the whale meat," said Truls Gulowsen at Greenpeace Norway. This industry is about to die. It's only a matter of time before it disappears."

Japanese whaling was always going to be a major sticking point on the IWC agenda in Madeira. Prior to the meeting, the Asian nation had been offered a deal whereby it would be allowed to conduct small-scale coastal whaling in its territorial waters and for its own consumption. Today Japan hunts more than 1,000 animals every year, essentially in the southern Pacific Ocean. But IWC participants could not come to an agreement.

The impasse left the IWC's incoming chair questioning the organisation's role. "We have to re-establish a consensus on what the IWC is and should do, and there are at least two contradictory perceptions to answer that question," said Cristian Maquieira, who was elected this week.

The IWC was also supposed to answer a request by the Danish government to hunt 50 humpback whales. Copenhagen made the request on behalf of its autonomous territory of Greenland, where Inuit people are allowed to hunt whales for subsistence. But that issue was also left unresolved.

Joji Morishita, a senior official with the Japanese delegation, said the commission should approve limited commercial whaling by next year, adding: "Without that... the future of the IWC is seriously in doubt." But, environmentalists downplayed the Japanese threat. "Japan has invested a lot of money and diplomatic efforts with the IWC so I don't think they will walk out," said Mackenzie.


[Deforestation]
Brazil grants land rights to squatters living in Amazon rainforestCampaigners fear controversial 'land-grabbers' law will lead to accelerated deforestation
Tom Phillips in Rio de Janeiro
guardian.co.uk, Friday 26 June 2009 16.00 BST
Article history

Brazil's president Lula has approved a controversial law which grants land rights to squatters occupying land in the Amazon — campaigners fear it will result in a further increase in deforestation of the Amazon region.

The law – known as "provisional measure 458" – is one of the most controversial environmental decisions of Lula's two terms in office, with the president coming under intense pressure from both environmental groups and the country's powerful agricultural lobby.

Marcelo Furtado, Greenpeace's campaigns manager in Brazil, said the approval of the law showed that Brazil's policy on global warming was contradictory: "On one hand Brazil is setting targets for the reduction of carbon emissions and on the other it is opening up more areas for deforestation."

Brazil's government says more than 1m people will benefit from the law, which covers 67.4m hectares of land, an area roughly the size of France. It believes the law will reduce violent conflicts by giving people private ownership of the land they live on, and will make it easier to track down those illegally felling trees.

But environmentalists – who have dubbed it the "land-grabbers bill" – fear the new rules will offer a carte blanche for those wanting to make money by destroying the Amazon. They say the law effectively provides an amnesty for those who have devastated the Amazon over the last four decades. Around 20% of the Amazon has already been lost, according to environmental campaigners, and deforestation globally causes nearly a fifth of all greenhouse gas emissions.

"This measure perpetuates a 19th century practice [of Amazon destruction] instead of taking us towards a new 21st century strategy of sustainable development," said Furtado.

Furtado said the law – originally intended to benefit impoverished farmers in the Amazon – had been "hacked apart by the agricultural lobby" and now benefited wealthy farmers rather than smaller landholders. The result, he said, was "a law which will not help increase governance [or] social justice but which simply raises the risk of more deforestation."

Under the new law, small landowners who can prove they occupied lands before December 2004 will be handed small pieces of land for free, while large areas will be sold off at knockdown rates. The government hopes this will help bring order to a region where land disputes often result in violent clashes and murder. Brazilian human rights group Justica Global, claims 772 activists and rural workers have been killed in the Amazon state of Para between 1971 and 2004.

Human rights groups also criticised the law, saying unscrupulous Amazon ranchers, who often exploit slave labour, stood to gain from the new rules.

Faced with a vocal campaign against the measure, Lula hit back, accusing "the NGOS [of]… not telling the truth."

In the decision, which came late on Thursday, Lula vetoed two of the most divisive sections of the bill – giving private businesses and absentee landowners the right to regularise their lands. But the Brazilian president gave the green light to one of the most controversial clauses, which will give new landowners the right to resell their properties after three years.

news20090627GDC3

2009-06-27 14:38:43 | Weblog
[Environment] from [guardian.co.uk]

[Climate Change]
Science Museum has a vital role in the climate change debate
One hundred years after it first opened its doors, the Science Museum is more relevant than ever

Chris Rapley
guardian.co.uk, Friday 26 June 2009 00.05 BST
Article history

A mischievous deity, determined to confront humanity with an especially vexed challenge, would ensure that the nature of the problem was complex and scientific and that the connection between the underlying personal actions and their consequences was not obvious. The sneaky god would also ensure that convincing evidence for the problem would emerge almost too late for a response, that there would be vested interests motivated to sow doubt and confusion, that there would be no self-correcting market mechanism, and that there would be inadequate or absent instruments and institutions to support effective action.

No wonder then that decarbonising the world's energy system to avoid dangerous climate change is proving to be intractable, for it embodies all these features. Despite the rhetoric and a host of initiatives by individuals, corporations and governments, human carbon emissions continue to increase, with no sign of the essential peak and decline. The latest research indicates that if the maximum does not occur by 2015, we will almost certainly have committed ourselves to changes in weather patterns that will adversely affect our food and water supplies, as well as triggering an ineluctable, long-term rise in world sea level.

One hundred years ago the future looked brighter. Our forebears saw science and engineering as the means to improve the human condition. They celebrated the fruits of industrialisation in cathedrals of innovation, such as the Science Museum. The practitioners were the celebrities of the day, and people flocked to see the wonders that were shaping the future. Many were inspired to become the scientists, engineers and entrepreneurs who designed and built the modern world.

So as the Science Museum enters its second century today, what is its role? I believe little has changed from a century ago, except for the degree of urgency. Our unique collection provides us with a powerful means to make sense of the science that shapes our lives. We seek to raise curiosity and release creativity, and to do so in a way that engages and inspires our visitors to participate in shaping the future.

In particular, our climate change gallery, currently being designed, aims to change the way people think, talk and act about climate change. A glimpse into the museum's enormous reserve collection of objects (only 6% of the collection is on public display), or along the 20km of historical books and technical documentation in our library, can quickly convince of the ability of the scientists and engineers of the world to develop the array of technical solutions that can make a sustainable future possible.

What is not clear, is whether humanity has the capacity to marshal this technical capability and to exploit it in time. This is where the role of the museum as a trustworthy source of information, and its track record of presenting a balanced view of the evidence will be especially valuable in stimulating public debate. With many experts viewing the upcoming UN's Copenhagen Conference in December this year as "the last chance saloon" to put in place the international negotiating mechanism without which a globally coordinated effort cannot take place, the importance of such debate is paramount.

The Science Museum may be 100 years old, but it has never been more relevant.

• Professor Chris Rapley CBE is director of the Science Museum



[BLOG]
Michael Jackson's biggest selling UK single wasn't Thriller or Billie Jean — but a song about the environment
Earth Song was a cloying anthem about dead elephants and deforestation but that didn't stop it being Christmas number one

Posted by Leo Hickman
Friday 26 June 2009 13.52 BST
guardian.co.uk

t would certainly rank fairly low down my own list of Michael Jackson classics – give me something from Off the Wall anytime of the day - but it is often forgotten that his somewhat cloying environmental anthem Earth Song was actually his biggest selling single in the UK – over a million copies sold and six weeks at the top of the charts, including the 1995 Christmas number one.

The song is a very rare thing: a hit record with a powerful message about our impact on the environment. How many others can you think of? Joni Mitchell's Big Yellow Taxi? Marvin Gaye's Mercy Mercy Me? The Pixie's Monkey Gone to Heaven? All great records, but none of them come close in terms of sales when compared to Earth Song.

Although never released in the US as a single, the song became the defining, closing song on Jacko's HIStory tour, especially when it climaxed with scores of children joining Jackson on stage to sing the song's rousing finale. It was a sight of such pomposity - which included Jackson striking a Christ on the crucifix-like pose - that it famously sent Jarvis Cocker over the edge at the Brits Awards in 1996 and led him to jump up on stage and start gesturing at Jackson before being bundled away by security guards.

And then there was the video – among the most expensive ever made - which starts with a long tracking shot through a lush rainforest that then cuts to a scene showing a sombre Jackson walking through a scorched, desolate landscape. The environmental emoting then comes thick and fast: dead elephants, evil loggers, belching smoke stacks, snared dolphins, seal clubbing, and hurricane winds.

Here's what Jackson himself said of the song:

I remember writing Earth Song when I was in Austria, in a hotel. And I was feeling so much pain and so much suffering of the plight of the Planet Earth. And for me, this is Earth's Song, because I think nature is trying so hard to compensate for man's mismanagement of the Earth. And with the ecological unbalance going on, and a lot of the problems in the environment, I think earth feels the pain, and she has wounds, and it's about some of the joys of the planet as well. But this is my chance to pretty much let people hear the voice of the planet. And this is 'Earth Song'. And that's what inspired it. And it just suddenly dropped into my lap when I was on tour in Austria.

What struck me today watching the video was how it is very much the product of an age before climate change had become a mainstream concern. The lyrics and imagery speak of over-fishing, deforestation, and smog. All of them are still huge and legitimate concerns, of course, but they have all now become somewhat dwarfed by climate change, the most compelling and over-arching environmental issue of our age.

But that shouldn't distract us from the song's impact on its fans. Given its universal success and the repeated showing of its powerful video, it is highly likely that it was the spark that made many people - particularly young Michael Jackson fans, which, even in the mid-1990s, would have numbered many millions of people around the world - stop and think about environment for the first time.

news20090627SAC1

2009-06-27 12:58:34 | Weblog
[Environment] from [scientificamerican.com]

[Energy]
June 25, 2009
Biofuel Showdown: Should Domestic Ethanol Producers Pay for Deforestation Abroad?
The biofuel lobby will win big by delaying rules on "indirect land-use change" for six years, but the National Academy of Sciences may now study the issue

By Brendan Borrell

After a fierce battle over agricultural incentives in a landmark climate bill, Congress plans to ask the National Academy of Sciences to study how biofuel production in the Midwest can shift food production abroad, stimulating a wave of deforestation.

Tomorrow's expected vote in the House of Representatives on the climate bill would move the nation a step closer to a cap-and-trade system that would limit greenhouse gas emissions. But the bill's sponsors have made significant concessions to Agriculture Committee Chairman Colin Peterson (D–Minn.), who threatened to torpedo the legislation as it was written. President Obama is pressing for its passage, which would still have to work its way through the Senate in July to become law.

Environmentalists have walked a fine line between encouraging growth of the renewable energy sector and regulating it enough to ensure that it does not lead to increased greenhouse emissions as forests are cleared abroad for food production. Scientists believe that market forces and government incentives will cause domestic farmers to shift from food production to biofuels creating a demand for foreign agriculture to fill in the food gap. The technical term for this phenomenon is "indirect land-use change".

Taking into account indirect land-use change, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimates that corn-based ethanol will reduce greenhouse gas emissions by just 16 percent. That means it won't meet the threshold of 20 percent required to be classified as a renewable fuel and cannot receive the economic incentives the federal government promised to provide under a 2007 energy law. Biodiesel producers would also lose because they say that vegetable oils would not qualify under the restrictions, leaving only recycled restaurant grease and animal fats.

In sticking up for farm states, Peterson has now proposed an amendment to the legislation that would prevent such requirements from becoming part of renewable fuel or electricity standards for at least six years. At the end of a five-year period, the National Academy of Sciences will study the issue, and the EPA and the U.S. Department of Agriculture will decide whether indirect land-use changes can be accurately measured. In a statement yesterday, the American Coalition for Ethanol heralded the delay in ruling on biofuels, noting that the "agreement ensures that science, not politics, will determine whether the EPA can go forward with this highly controversial theory."

For many scientists, however, the question is not whether there are indirect impacts but rather how big they are. Environmentalists think it would be a mistake for the EPA to lower the bar for biofuels so soon. "We want the EPA to use the best science and economics to establish regulation," says Nathanael Greene of the National Resources Defense Council in New York City. "We recognize that the regulation is going to be imperfect so let's update it."

At the same time, there's rising sentiment that growing new crops to quench the thirst for biofuels is not the best strategy for reducing greenhouse emissions.

David Tilman, an ecologist at the University of Minnesota, who recently chaired a panel on alternative fuels for the National Research Council in Washington, D.C., says that the new standards should encourage the use of the half billion tons of biomass, such as forest slash, that is already available per annum. "We could have a policy that uses biomass sources with a minimal impact on indirect land use," he says.

news20090627SAC2

2009-06-27 12:42:39 | Weblog
[Environment] from [scientificamerican.com]

[Health]
June 25, 2009
Car Exhaust Associated With Premature Births in Southern California
Mothers living near freeways and congested roads are more likely to give birth to premature babies and suffer from preeclampsia

By Marla Cone and Environmental Health News

Women exposed to air pollution from freeways and congested roads are much more likely to give birth to premature babies and suffer from preeclampsia, according to a study by University of California scientists published Wednesday.

The findings, based on pregnant women in the Long Beach/Orange County region of Southern California, add to the growing evidence that car and truck exhaust can jeopardize the health of babies while they are in the womb.

Reviewing the birth records of more than 81,000 infants, researchers found that the risk of having a baby born before 30 weeks of gestation increased 128 percent for women who live near the worst traffic-generated air pollution.

In addition, preeclampsia increased 42 percent for women who lived in those areas, according to the study, published online in the scientific journal Environmental Health Perspectives. Preclampsia, a serious illness that involves high blood pressure, can endanger the baby and the mother.

The team of scientists from UCLA and University of California, Irvine studied babies born in Long Beach, near the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach, and in adjacent Orange County. Those areas are traversed by several major freeways used by commuters as well as heavy-duty trucks delivering goods to and from the ports.

The infants’ birth records were matched with their addresses and then compared with traffic patterns and estimates of two pollutants—particulates and nitrogen oxides—from vehicles near the mothers’ homes.

The study was unique in that the researchers constructed a database estimating what the pregnant women breathed in their own neighborhoods--within three kilometers, or less than two miles, of their homes. Previous studies have used general air pollution measurements, which is a less accurate estimate of what people are exposed to.

Only traffic-generated emissions were included in the study, not pollutants from factories and other sources.

Fetuses “are in a very sensitive stage of development” that could be vulnerable to the toxic substances inhaled by their mothers, said Jun Wu, an assistant professor of epidemiology at UC Irvine and the study’s lead author.

Other recent studies have linked air pollutants to preterm births and low birth weights. But until now, “no study has associated air pollution with preeclampsia. This is the first one,” Wu said.

Tracey Woodruff, director of University of California, San Francisco’s Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, said the research offers a relatively “new twist on air pollution,” since most scientists have focused on respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.

“This is just one more piece of the scientific evidence that air pollution can have effects on adverse pregnancy outcomes,” said Woodruff, who was not involved in the research.

The babies in the study were born between 1997 and 2006 at four hospitals: Long Beach Memorial and three in Orange County--Anaheim Memorial, Orange Coast Memorial in Fountain Valley and Saddleback Memorial in Laguna Hills.

Maria Gugerty, a Long Beach resident, said she always has wondered what might have caused her son, Will, to be born premature, at 31 weeks. Her son was likely one of the preemies reviewed in the study since he was born at Long Beach Memorial in 1997.

“My pregnancy was completely fine, but all of a sudden my water broke. It seemed completely random and the doctors were never able to determine any physical reason for it,” she said. “I was so careful during my pregnancy. No alcohol, no smoking and a good diet. So I’ve always wondered if it was something in the environment, not necessarily air pollution but the environment in general.”

Another Long Beach mother, Susan Taylor, said her doctor thought a gum infection most likely was the cause of her daughter, Maddy, being born early, also at 31 weeks. But, she said, “we did live near a very busy, noisy intersection.”

Like most women, Gugerty and Taylor didn't know there was a connection between air pollution and pregnancies. But Gugerty said that she “absolutely” worries about the potential health effects of the pollution around her home in Long Beach. Her son, now 12, has asthma.

About half of the babies included in the study were born in Long Beach. Air pollution experts have said that people living in that area faced a variety of increased health risks, including cancer and reduced lung function, due to heavy traffic and other sources of air pollution related to the ports and freeways.

Every year, more than half a million infants are born prematurely in the United States. In the study, 8 percent of the 81,186 babies were preterm, including 1 percent that were “very preterm,” or under 30 weeks of gestation.

The link to air pollution was strongest for the “very preterm” babies, who often weigh less than three pounds and have the greatest risk of serious health problems. The researchers compared women who lived in areas with the most traffic-related pollution with women who lived in areas with the least traffic pollution. Those in the polluted areas were 128 percent more likely to deliver “very preterm” babies.

The risk of less severe preterm babies—those born between 30 and 37 weeks--was about 30 percent higher for women living in the areas with a lot of traffic emissions.

About 3 percent of the study’s pregnant women had preeclampsia, which can result in premature babies. Its causes are unknown, although doctors think it is related to abnormal growth of the placenta.

The new study focused on “an important area of research, since there are a lot of reasons to believe that there is something happening with environmental chemicals and preeclampsia,” Woodruff said. “Women with preeclampsia have high blood pressure, and some air pollutants can increase blood pressure. This is a serious condition, and these women are at risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.”

Scientists are uncertain how air pollutants might trigger premature babies. The chemicals may interfere with placental development, which would impair the nutrients and oxygen delivered to the fetus. Or they could trigger oxidative stress—when cells are overwhelmed and DNA is damaged by reactive compounds in the environment called free radicals.

Wu said it is likely that other pollutants are to blame, not the fine particles and nitrogen oxides. Instead, those two pollutants could be an indicator of other toxic compounds in vehicle exhaust, such as polycyclic aromatic compounds. A recent study of babies in New York City linked those compounds, called PAHs, to preterm and low-weight babies.

Wu said doctors should warn pregnant women about air pollution because “they should be aware of these issues.” While most can’t move to avoid traffic emissions, Wu said they might be able to take precautions, such as reducing their commutes or closing their windows in cars and homes.

But avoiding air pollution is virtually impossible, Woodruff said, so “pregnant women should be aware of the risks and advocate for the kinds of [government] actions that reduce overall exposure to air pollution.”

The authors said a major limitation of their research is that it only looked at where the women lived when their babies were born, not where they lived or worked during their pregnancies, or whether they had long commutes in heavily polluted areas. Still, they said by using neighborhood data, they were probably more accurate in estimating the women’s exposures than past researchers have been.

Beate Ritz, an epidemiology professor at UCLA’s School of Public Health, was the study’s senior author. Her research has focused on using geographic information to map people’s exposure to pollutants and chemicals and search for links to chronic diseases such as Parkinson's and cancer.

Woodruff said many researchers are starting to use such data, which only has been available in recent years, because it can provide “reasonable estimates of what people are exposed to.”

This article originally ran at Environmental Health News, a news source published by Environmental Health Sciences, a nonprofit media company.

news20090627NTC

2009-06-27 11:56:06 | Weblog
[naturenews] from [nature.com]

[naturenews]
Published online 26 June 2009 | Nature | doi:10.1038/news.2009.604
News
UK launches climate manifesto
Gordon Brown proposes $100 billion climate fund for developing countries.

Richard Van Noorden

An international fund of US$100 billion a year will be needed by 2020 to help developing countries mitigate and adapt to climate change, UK Prime Minister Gordon Brown said today.

Launching Britain's manifesto for December's international climate talks in Copenhagen, Brown said negotiations on paying developing countries to cope with climate change and develop low-carbon technologies were stuck at "a stand-off over hypothetical figures".

"If we are to achieve an agreement in Copenhagen I believe we must move the debate … to active negotiation on real mitigation actions and real contributions," he said.

Ball-park aid

Saleemul Huq, of the International Institute for Environment and Development, a not-for-profit research group based in London, says Brown's speech is significant "simply because it's the first time a leader of a developed country has mentioned a ball-park figure of what would be needed".

Developing countries' suggestions of the aid needed for mitigation and adaptation have ranged from fifty billion to several hundred billion dollars a year, he adds.

Brown said the money would come mainly from the private sector, via carbon trading markets, but that rich governments would also have to contribute — particularly to support adaptation measures and forest management. Funds would have to start flowing by 2013.

(“This is a timely initiative by Gordon Brown to break the international deadlock over climate change.”
Nicholas Stern
Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment)

He said aviation and maritime greenhouse-gas emissions should be brought into the Copenhagen agreement — potentially providing extra revenue — and that the UK would support a Norwegian proposal to auction off a percentage of national emissions allowances specifically for a climate fund.

"This is a timely initiative by Gordon Brown to break the international deadlock over climate change, and he rightly identifies finance as the key stumbling block," says Nicholas Stern, chair of the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment at the London School of Economics and Political Science, and author of the UK government's 2007 review of the economics of climate change.

Brown recognized that rich countries' funding must come in addition to existing aid commitments. But Stern notes that the prime minister also said that up to 10% of the UK's official development assistance could count as climate finance.

Copenhagen ahoy

The UK also launched a policy document setting out its priorities for Copenhagen. It calls for developed countries to reduce their emissions to 80% below 1990 levels by 2050, and for developing countries' emissions to be 15-30% lower than their projected 'business-as-usual' levels.

"At Copenhagen we want to reach agreement to reduce tropical deforestation by at least 50% by 2020, and to halt global forest cover loss by 2030 at the latest," the document adds. Brown said forest-backed bonds might be established to bring early finance into sustainable forest management.

"An ambitious agreement in Copenhagen is certainly achievable. And yet it remains far from certain," said Brown. "We cannot allow this to drift — when every year of delay retards investment, locks us into a higher emissions pathway, worsens the impacts on the poorest and most vulnerable, and increases the costs of eventual reduction."

His speech came ahead of a G8 meeting in L'Aquila, Italy in July.