下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- Why the Labour party lost the 2010 general election，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了2010年英国大选工党落败的原因。英国工党2010年大选的失利，不仅是由于国际金融危机爆发之后，工党政府没有应对危机的建设性方案，导致选民对其产生严重质疑，从而致使选票大幅下跌。另外，还在于工党党内派系斗争严重，严重削弱工党的竞争力。这一系列政治、经济因素综合作用的结果，最终导致了工党在2010年大选中以失败而告终。
The performance of a political party is an important yardstick to measure the ruling ability of a political party, as well as the key to measure whether the party can come to power. The strength of the party's ability to govern and whether it takes office also depend on how well it performs. And the measure of Labour's performance is directly reflected in the Labour election. National elections in 2010, only 29.1% of the vote, since 1983 has the lowest approval ratings for a year, a total of 650 seats in 258, compared with last year's election, lost 91, thirteen years of the British Labour party ruling eventually step down. However, the defeat of the Labour party in this election is not only the simple "pendulum effect" in western party politics, but also the result of various factors inside and outside the party. This paper focuses on the economic and political aspects of its analysis.
During the 1992 U.S. presidential campaign, Clinton aide James Carville argued that one of Clinton's key weapons was to attack his opponent, George w. bush. Bush's economic performance, that is, "the economy decides the outcome." Subsequently, "economic decision" has become not only the main reference standard and platform for candidates of various countries in their election campaigns, but also one of the important perspectives for us to analyze the outcome of national elections.
In the early years of Blair's reign, the British economy showed a steady and sustained growth trend, and the overall performance was good. However, during the brown administration, with the outbreak and deepening of the global financial crisis, Britain was inevitably affected by the crisis, and the financial industry was the first to bear the brunt. Britain's Banks have seen their assets shrink and their liabilities shrink. According to statistics, in October 2008 to January 2009, Britain's barclays bank assets directly fall 7.4 billion pounds, 17.4 billion pounds from HSBC fell from 95.6 billion to 60.8 billion, the British bank debt of about 40000 pounds at the time, equivalent to 2.5 of the UK gross domestic product, Britain faces serious sterling crisis. As a British royal bank of Scotland, one of the five largest Banks because of excessive borrowing, before expanding, eventually lead to the fall in the coming crisis first, after the British government nationalized, reported 28 billion pounds of assets loss, becomes the performance loss of the largest company in British history.
As a result, Britain's real economy has suffered a severe recession, with sectors such as car manufacturing, real estate and retail struggling. One of the most immediate consequences of a weak economy and a general industry slump is a sharp rise in unemployment and a sharp decline in the quality of life. Between November 2007 and November 2011, the number of unemployed people in the UK rose from 1.64 million to 2.68 million. The unemployment rate soared from 5% to 8.4%, the highest since 1997. However, in the face of the deteriorating domestic conditions, in order to avoid the further economic recession, the British Labour government, led by Mr Brown, to promote the British central bank in February 2008 and April has cut interest rates twice, but the real estate market is falling for five months, was the fastest decline since 1978. Mr Brown also launched a? 400 billion bail-out to stave off a collapse of Britain's financial system, but his stimulus has been slow to materialise. Even more incredible is that some of Labour's stimulus program, prompting the British economy successive six quarters presents the negative growth trend, and its fiscal measures but also lead to a sharp rise in its budget deficits and public debt. As a result, the severe economic crisis and deteriorating living conditions have raised serious questions about the party's ability to govern, causing it to lose a lot of votes.
In May 2009, according to the British "daily telegraph" reported that 13 cabinet members, including prime minister Gordon brown, alleged use of mp who defraud perks, and the number of "expenses" account for half of the cabinet. In 2008 MPS were estimated to have received an extra 93 million pounds in compensation in addition to their annual salaries. The "scandal" event is suffered from the crisis of the British people feel great indignation, and no longer believe in the ruling party can lead them out of the woods, so they have left off or change to vote to express their dissatisfaction. And work? H a serious crisis of confidence, as a direct result of its place in the next parliamentary elections disastrous: 34 local parliamentary elections in England, a total of 2 362 seats, the conservatives won 531 seats, 1 control 30 local councils; Labour, on the other hand, won only 178 seats and failed to control even one local council, depriving it of its core support. The Labour party's local election has already predicted its outcome in 2010.
Meanwhile, factional fighting within the party has intensified, undermining its competitiveness. When brown, the former Labour leader, first came to power, he did well in the face of terrorism, floods and other tests, with high public support. However, as the crisis broke out and Britain fell into a continuous recession, the public became more and more suspicious of the labor party, and the support rate dropped sharply. Therefore, in order to reverse Labour's last the development trend of the downturn, some Labour MPS and plotting to topple brown cabinet members, has even been publicly called for fresh elections, select new Labour leader to lead it out. The calls to oust Mr Brown have been exacerbated by the continuing deterioration of the domestic environment, especially in the UK's 2009 local elections, when Labour failed to secure a local council and suffered heavy losses. Then, in June 2009, four members of the labor party's cabinet signed a joint commission letter and offered to resign in an effort to oust Mr Brown, triggering an unprecedented political crisis. As the party entered 2010, factional fighting intensified, with two former cabinet ministers writing to members of the lower house of the Labour party proposing to elect a new leader by a party vote. The former Labour secretary general has launched a direct personal attack on Mr Brown, urging him to step down. In the face of all opposition within his own party, brown took a series of measures to deal with it, finally repelled its opponents and successfully defended his leadership. But there is no denying that in the successive coups, the party was severely weakened, its popularity plummeted and its eventual downfall.
Labour's defeat in the 2010 general election, in addition to the various problems of Labour itself and is difficult to take all the achievements, there is another important reason is that strong impact from Labour's competitors especially conservative.
In the 2010 general election, the opposition conservative party won 36.1% of the vote, 306 seats, 97 more than the previous one, and became the largest party in Britain. The leader of Britain's third largest party, the liberal Democratic Party (LDP), Nick clegg, has also played a big role in television debates, at one point outpacing Mr Cameron and the Labour party in the polls. Caused some important aspect of this phenomenon is that, led by David Cameron, the Tory, during the period of the opposition has carried on the adjustment and change constantly, constantly adjust their own ideas, to strengthen the construction of the party organization, meet voters interests, restore the party's image and accepts new members to attract voters, expand its influence. Especially since the financial crisis broke out in 2008, when facing the deteriorating ecological environment at home, the conservatives have put forward timely plans to deal with the crisis. Later, the conservative party adapted to the situation and adopted "change" as its campaign slogan in the general election, thus attracting the attention of the disenchanted voters to a certain extent. In addition, due to the influence of Britain's first-past-the-post electoral system, the liberal Democrats, although high approval ratings in the election, but did not get the corresponding seats, however, also take part of the Labour party votes, squeezed the Labour's "living space", weaken the strength of the Labour party. Compared to the tories and the lib dems, meanwhile, the two leaders articulate and infectious, affinity, as Labour prime minister Gordon brown is a bit old, lack of energy, in the end, the voters voted for advocates the change of the opposition, will the conservatives and the liberal Democratic Party sent to the center of the British political stage. The Labour party, led by Mr Brown, can only step down after 13 years in power.
To sum up, the British Labour party defeat in the 2010 general election, is not only because in the context of the international financial crisis, in the face of severe domestic economic recession, and a sharp rise in the unemployment rate, the Labour government, led by Mr Brown, but without the constructive scheme, a response to the crisis, or the government's stimulus plan has not worked, lead to a serious challenge, voters in the causing vote fell sharply. It is also because factional fighting in the Labour party has severely weakened the party's competitiveness. The "fraud and mending" incident triggered a serious crisis of confidence and led to a large loss of voters. Labour's rivals, the conservatives, have been hard hit, squeezing their "living space". This combination of political and economic factors ultimately led to Labour's defeat in the 2010 general election.
Based on the analysis of the cause of the loss of a Labour government position, we profoundly realize that a political party, especially the ruling party, must be accurate judgment in the process of ruling situation and timely adjust their own platform and strategy, to reinvent itself. Because a political party is a political organization representing the interests of a certain class and class, its policy program reflects the development trend of the party. In the context of the rapid development of globalization, great changes have taken place in various countries' political, economic and social fields. Whether a political party in a country can adjust its theories and policies in a timely manner according to the changing domestic and foreign situations and carry out self-innovation is directly related to whether the party can obtain the majority of voters. J tonghe support, whether to achieve the goal of seeking or continuous governance. As Marx said, "the degree to which a theory can be realized in a country is always determined by the degree to which it satisfies the needs of that country." Therefore, the political parties must adjust their programs and strategies on the basis of correctly judging the domestic and foreign situations. Otherwise, it will be abandoned by The Times and by the voters.
Second, we must constantly strengthen the party's solidarity and strengthen its cohesion and centripetal force. The centuries-old British Labour party has a complex composition, diverse interests and a constant struggle between factions. As one puts it: "the political struggle in Britain is not between Labour and the conservatives, but within Labour." The divisions within the Labour party will reduce its overall strength. , however, is not only the Labour party, any party in the world there is a swing space, more or less in the process of its development is also a variety of interests, differences and conflicts within the party. Therefore, a political party to strengthen the party's solidarity and expand its influence and competitive, you need to "party factions in the subjective development to set up the party, rather than the interests of the individual or group interests, is the first appeal to the idea of", so as to avoid contradictions expansion and split the party.
To sum up, if one party want to long-term eternal vitality and vigor, realize power or maintain long-term ruling, must according to the constantly changing the background of The Times and constantly changing social environment, to adjust in a timely manner. Political parties can only strengthen their ability to adapt to the environment by enriching their operational strategies. Otherwise, the party could easily be abandoned by The Times. But in the tide of The Times, the Chinese communist party, faced with the loss of the ruling status of foreign parties, does not mean that it has nothing to do with it. On the contrary, the CPC should constantly learn from the experience and lessons of foreign political parties in its ruling process, so as to keep itself full of vitality and vitality.
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The performance of a political party is an important yardstick to measure the ruling ability of a political party, as well as the key to measure whether the party can come to power. The strength of the party's ability to govern and whether it takes office also depend on how well it performs. And the measure of Labour's performance is directly reflected in the Labour election. National elections in 2010, only 29.1% of the vote, since 1983 has the lowest approval ratings for a year, a total of 650 seats in 258, compared with last year's election, lost 91, thirteen years of the British Labour party ruling eventually step down. However, the defeat of the Labour party in this election is not only the simple "pendulum effect" in western party politics, but also the result of various factors inside and outside the party. This paper focuses on the economic and political aspects of its analysis.
During the 1992 U.S. presidential campaign, Clinton aide James Carville argued that one of Clinton's key weapons was to attack his opponent, George w. bush. Bush's economic performance, that is, "the economy decides the outcome." Subsequently, "economic decision" has become not only the main reference standard and platform for candidates of various countries in their election campaigns, but also one of the important perspectives for us to analyze the outcome of national elections.
In the early years of Blair's reign, the British economy showed a steady and sustained growth trend, and the overall performance was good. However, during the brown administration, with the outbreak and deepening of the global financial crisis, Britain was inevitably affected by the crisis, and the financial industry was the first to bear the brunt. Britain's Banks have seen their assets shrink and their liabilities shrink. According to statistics, in October 2008 to January 2009, Britain's barclays bank assets directly fall 7.4 billion pounds, 17.4 billion pounds from HSBC fell from 95.6 billion to 60.8 billion, the British bank debt of about 40000 pounds at the time, equivalent to 2.5 of the UK gross domestic product, Britain faces serious sterling crisis. As a British royal bank of Scotland, one of the five largest Banks because of excessive borrowing, before expanding, eventually lead to the fall in the coming crisis first, after the British government nationalized, reported 28 billion pounds of assets loss, becomes the performance loss of the largest company in British history.
As a result, Britain's real economy has suffered a severe recession, with sectors such as car manufacturing, real estate and retail struggling. One of the most immediate consequences of a weak economy and a general industry slump is a sharp rise in unemployment and a sharp decline in the quality of life. Between November 2007 and November 2011, the number of unemployed people in the UK rose from 1.64 million to 2.68 million. The unemployment rate soared from 5% to 8.4%, the highest since 1997. However, in the face of the deteriorating domestic conditions, in order to avoid the further economic recession, the British Labour government, led by Mr Brown, to promote the British central bank in February 2008 and April has cut interest rates twice, but the real estate market is falling for five months, was the fastest decline since 1978. Mr Brown also launched a? 400 billion bail-out to stave off a collapse of Britain's financial system, but his stimulus has been slow to materialise. Even more incredible is that some of Labour's stimulus program, prompting the British economy successive six quarters presents the negative growth trend, and its fiscal measures but also lead to a sharp rise in its budget deficits and public debt. As a result, the severe economic crisis and deteriorating living conditions have raised serious questions about the party's ability to govern, causing it to lose a lot of votes.
In May 2009, according to the British "daily telegraph" reported that 13 cabinet members, including prime minister Gordon brown, alleged use of mp who defraud perks, and the number of "expenses" account for half of the cabinet. In 2008 MPS were estimated to have received an extra 93 million pounds in compensation in addition to their annual salaries. The "scandal" event is suffered from the crisis of the British people feel great indignation, and no longer believe in the ruling party can lead them out of the woods, so they have left off or change to vote to express their dissatisfaction. And work? H a serious crisis of confidence, as a direct result of its place in the next parliamentary elections disastrous: 34 local parliamentary elections in England, a total of 2 362 seats, the conservatives won 531 seats, 1 control 30 local councils; Labour, on the other hand, won only 178 seats and failed to control even one local council, depriving it of its core support. The Labour party's local election has already predicted its outcome in 2010.
Meanwhile, factional fighting within the party has intensified, undermining its competitiveness. When brown, the former Labour leader, first came to power, he did well in the face of terrorism, floods and other tests, with high public support. However, as the crisis broke out and Britain fell into a continuous recession, the public became more and more suspicious of the labor party, and the support rate dropped sharply. Therefore, in order to reverse Labour's last the development trend of the downturn, some Labour MPS and plotting to topple brown cabinet members, has even been publicly called for fresh elections, select new Labour leader to lead it out. The calls to oust Mr Brown have been exacerbated by the continuing deterioration of the domestic environment, especially in the UK's 2009 local elections, when Labour failed to secure a local council and suffered heavy losses. Then, in June 2009, four members of the labor party's cabinet signed a joint commission letter and offered to resign in an effort to oust Mr Brown, triggering an unprecedented political crisis. As the party entered 2010, factional fighting intensified, with two former cabinet ministers writing to members of the lower house of the Labour party proposing to elect a new leader by a party vote. The former Labour secretary general has launched a direct personal attack on Mr Brown, urging him to step down. In the face of all opposition within his own party, brown took a series of measures to deal with it, finally repelled its opponents and successfully defended his leadership. But there is no denying that in the successive coups, the party was severely weakened, its popularity plummeted and its eventual downfall.
Labour's defeat in the 2010 general election, in addition to the various problems of Labour itself and is difficult to take all the achievements, there is another important reason is that strong impact from Labour's competitors especially conservative.
In the 2010 general election, the opposition conservative party won 36.1% of the vote, 306 seats, 97 more than the previous one, and became the largest party in Britain. The leader of Britain's third largest party, the liberal Democratic Party (LDP), Nick clegg, has also played a big role in television debates, at one point outpacing Mr Cameron and the Labour party in the polls. Caused some important aspect of this phenomenon is that, led by David Cameron, the Tory, during the period of the opposition has carried on the adjustment and change constantly, constantly adjust their own ideas, to strengthen the construction of the party organization, meet voters interests, restore the party's image and accepts new members to attract voters, expand its influence. Especially since the financial crisis broke out in 2008, when facing the deteriorating ecological environment at home, the conservatives have put forward timely plans to deal with the crisis. Later, the conservative party adapted to the situation and adopted "change" as its campaign slogan in the general election, thus attracting the attention of the disenchanted voters to a certain extent. In addition, due to the influence of Britain's first-past-the-post electoral system, the liberal Democrats, although high approval ratings in the election, but did not get the corresponding seats, however, also take part of the Labour party votes, squeezed the Labour's "living space", weaken the strength of the Labour party. Compared to the tories and the lib dems, meanwhile, the two leaders articulate and infectious, affinity, as Labour prime minister Gordon brown is a bit old, lack of energy, in the end, the voters voted for advocates the change of the opposition, will the conservatives and the liberal Democratic Party sent to the center of the British political stage. The Labour party, led by Mr Brown, can only step down after 13 years in power.
To sum up, the British Labour party defeat in the 2010 general election, is not only because in the context of the international financial crisis, in the face of severe domestic economic recession, and a sharp rise in the unemployment rate, the Labour government, led by Mr Brown, but without the constructive scheme, a response to the crisis, or the government's stimulus plan has not worked, lead to a serious challenge, voters in the causing vote fell sharply. It is also because factional fighting in the Labour party has severely weakened the party's competitiveness. The "fraud and mending" incident triggered a serious crisis of confidence and led to a large loss of voters. Labour's rivals, the conservatives, have been hard hit, squeezing their "living space". This combination of political and economic factors ultimately led to Labour's defeat in the 2010 general election.
Based on the analysis of the cause of the loss of a Labour government position, we profoundly realize that a political party, especially the ruling party, must be accurate judgment in the process of ruling situation and timely adjust their own platform and strategy, to reinvent itself. Because a political party is a political organization representing the interests of a certain class and class, its policy program reflects the development trend of the party. In the context of the rapid development of globalization, great changes have taken place in various countries' political, economic and social fields. Whether a political party in a country can adjust its theories and policies in a timely manner according to the changing domestic and foreign situations and carry out self-innovation is directly related to whether the party can obtain the majority of voters. J tonghe support, whether to achieve the goal of seeking or continuous governance. As Marx said, "the degree to which a theory can be realized in a country is always determined by the degree to which it satisfies the needs of that country." Therefore, the political parties must adjust their programs and strategies on the basis of correctly judging the domestic and foreign situations. Otherwise, it will be abandoned by The Times and by the voters.
Second, we must constantly strengthen the party's solidarity and strengthen its cohesion and centripetal force. The centuries-old British Labour party has a complex composition, diverse interests and a constant struggle between factions. As one puts it: "the political struggle in Britain is not between Labour and the conservatives, but within Labour." The divisions within the Labour party will reduce its overall strength. , however, is not only the Labour party, any party in the world there is a swing space, more or less in the process of its development is also a variety of interests, differences and conflicts within the party. Therefore, a political party to strengthen the party's solidarity and expand its influence and competitive, you need to "party factions in the subjective development to set up the party, rather than the interests of the individual or group interests, is the first appeal to the idea of", so as to avoid contradictions expansion and split the party.
To sum up, if one party want to long-term eternal vitality and vigor, realize power or maintain long-term ruling, must according to the constantly changing the background of The Times and constantly changing social environment, to adjust in a timely manner. Political parties can only strengthen their ability to adapt to the environment by enriching their operational strategies. Otherwise, the party could easily be abandoned by The Times. But in the tide of The Times, the Chinese communist party, faced with the loss of the ruling status of foreign parties, does not mean that it has nothing to do with it. On the contrary, the CPC should constantly learn from the experience and lessons of foreign political parties in its ruling process, so as to keep itself full of vitality and vitality.
想要了解更多英国留学资讯或者需要英国代写，请关注51Due英国论文代写平台，51Due是一家专业的论文代写机构，专业辅导海外留学生的英文论文写作，主要业务有essay代写、paper代写、assignment代写。在这里，51Due致力于为留学生朋友提供高效优质的留学教育辅导服务，为广大留学生提升写作水平，帮助他们达成学业目标。如果您有essay代写需求，可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。
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