Reduced Adverb Clauses

副詞節を減らす
→つまり、主語を入れないで記述する方法ですな。


Clause:While George was in London, he wrote daily.
Phrase:While in London, he wrote daily.

Clause:When he is working on a car, Jan always works overtime.
Phrase:When working on a car, Jan always works overtime.


もちろん、動詞がbe動詞の場合も省略。
Clause:While I am fond of Jeff, I don't want to marry him.
Phrase:While fond of Jeff, I don't want to marry him.

Clause:Despite the fact that she was ill, Lisa went on stage.
Phrase:Despite being ill, Lisa went on stage.


省略できる＝詳しく書かなくてもいいこと
トートロジー(何度もすること(反復))は嫌われるらしい
⇒上記のように、節ではなく句で記述することはよく使うということ！

S1 V . S2 V
という構造のとき

S1=S2なら、前の文のVをVingやVedにする

先行指示代名詞

When they built Hadrian's Wall, the Romans also erected towers about every mile.
(→When building Hadrian's Wall, ～～～ と書き換え可能。後述の記事も参照)

英語では、↑のように指示代名詞が先に来るのも可能らしい。