下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- Early education investment in Britain，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了英国早期的教育投入。英国政府为保证早期教育资本投入的合理运用，于2007年制定政策，规定所有地方当局根据当地的情况制定出单一投入拨款的分配方案，以保障当地所有受英国教育质量标准局监管的学校或早期教育组织中的3～4岁儿童可以获得法定的每周15小时的教育。英国政府儿童、学校与家庭部门指出，单一资金分配方案指的是每一个地方当局都应制定出台一套符合地方实际的分配方案，以保障教育投入使用的公平性与透明化。
Since 1997, early education has been strongly supported by the British government, which has formulated a series of policies to ensure that every child can get a good preschool education. In 1998, when the new Labour government introduced he National Childcare Strategy, aims to strengthen the pre-school education policy and financial support for a wider range of children and family help, at the same time to provide more jobs for the society. The government has spent 8.5 billion on pre-school education since 1997. Since September 1998, all 4-year-olds have been offered 2.5 hours of free education, five days a week. At the time the government set a target of reaching three-year-olds in all of Scotland and covering at least 66% of England by 2002. In 2003, the British government stipulated that all schools, organizations and individuals under the supervision of ofsted could apply for free education hours grant based on the number of 3-year-olds actually resettled or 90% of the number of resettled 3-year-olds per semester. The rule became the "90 percent base line" rule. Although today the proportion of children aged three benefiting from free hours of education in the UK has far exceeded 90 per cent of the number of resettable children, the provision still applies to ensure that all schools, organisations and individuals receive adequate educational input to ensure early resettlement of children aged three. In 2014, all children aged three and four in England received 570 hours of free pre-school education a year. This amount of free pre-school education is guaranteed by government funding and benefits all public and private schools supervised by ofsted. Some free early education is also available to 2-year-olds from low-income families or with special educational needs.
The cost of educating two children a year is estimated at 6,000. The costs vary depending on the age of the child and the size of the institution: 125 a week for a baby; The cost of housing a child of about one year is 120 a week; It costs 110 a week to house children aged two to three and 108 a week to house one aged three to five. Because of the relation between labor cost and location, the cost of early education in London is much higher than that in other parts of Britain. The British government for early education funding is not directly distributed to all schools by the education quality standards to supervise, but distributed to local authorities, issued by the local authorities according to the various index, such as the number of children school free education part, whether for low-income areas, English as a native language, the proportion of children, a year of school, the local authorities estimate of the cost of local education, student's liquidity, and so on. Only public schools are fully funded by the government, while most private and community-run schools, play groups and private child-minders operate by charging parents for their children. After 1997, the government plans to spend 470m to subsidise private and community-run kindergartens and playgroups to create free school hours for more children.
The British government in order to ensure the reasonable use of early education capital investment policy in 2007, all local authorities according to local conditions to develop a single input allocated according to the plan, in order to ensure all by the local education bureau of quality supervision of school or the 3 ~ 4 years old children in the early education organization can obtain the legal education of 15 hours per week. The department for children, schools and families of the British government points out that the single allocation of funds does not mean that the whole UK will have a single distribution scheme. Because the education cost of different regions in the UK is different, the single distribution scheme means that every local authority should formulate a set of distribution scheme in line with the local reality. The distribution plan will be implemented from September 2010 to ensure fairness and transparency in the use of education.
In 2008 and 2009, the department for children, schools and families of the British government issued guidance documents to help local authorities formulate matching schemes for education investment and ensure the rational use of early education investment. The guiding document stipulates that local authorities should clarify the importance of a single fund allocation plan for early education, establish an accurate education cost model through investigation and research, understand the actual needs of schools, and formulate and improve the allocation plan before April 2010. The guidance document also emphasizes the importance of cooperation between local authorities and schools. Inter-school organizations should play an important role in the formulation of plans, truthfully communicate and feedback the actual educational costs and difficulties, and actively cooperate with local authorities to provide opinions and Suggestions for the investigation. It is pointed out in the guidance document that in addition to the public schools that are completely guaranteed by the government, representatives of inter-school organizations should also come from private schools or self-run organizations or even independent child-care workers, so as to ensure that the needs in various fields are fed back and paid attention to. Local authorities after receiving guidance document, shall be immediately form early education work team composed of experts, design and implementation of the local cost of education research, verify and analyze the collected data, typical cost model is established, the model is validated by other research methods, design and establish the investment scheme, evaluation function and influence of the scheme, put forward the transition distribution policy, consulting organization between school representatives and expert opinion of proposal and suggestion, finally introduced before April 2010 and is based on the distribution of the education investment budget plan formulation.
In this workflow, local authorities play the most important role in policy formulation and implementation. In order to regulate this process, the British government stipulates that local authorities should most effectively support the allocation of government's early education investment in local areas when formulating investment plans. More flexible support for all schools, organisations and individuals supervised by ofsted to ensure that parents can take full advantage of the free hours; Maintain the diversity and selectivity of the education market; To encourage the improvement of education quality, and fully realize that the improvement of education quality is positively correlated with education input; Encourages and supports the closing of achievement gaps between students in different schools and is fully aware of the additional costs of supporting children from low-income and disadvantaged families; Ensure the process is clear, clear and transparent.
At the same time, the British government stipulates that, in order to ensure the efficient operation of the educational input distribution scheme, local authorities should adhere to the following ten principles: when allocating funds, schools and organizations of different natuses should be considered equally to ensure the fairness of distribution; In the allocation of funds, the transparency of the allocation process and standards should be ensured, and the differences in fund investment between schools and organizations of different natuses should be reasonably explained and publicized. In the allocation of funds, the amount of funds allocated should basically conform to the cost model, the main cost factors should be carefully considered; When allocating funds, schools should put forward reasonable requirements. When the fund allocation scheme changes, the development of various schools or organizations and individuals should be guaranteed. In the allocation of funds, in addition to ensuring the needs of government-funded schools, we should also ensure that private schools, organizations and individuals receive adequate support and take into account many factors such as cost, income and public resources. In the allocation of funds, the investment budget should not be calculated according to the number of children who can be resettled by the school or the organization, but according to the actual number of resettled children in each semester, to ensure the accuracy of capital investment; Sustainability may be considered in the allocation of funds, but should not be widely applied and clear criteria should be established; In allocating funds, schools, organizations and individuals of various natuses should be guaranteed sufficient financial support to meet the needs of stable development in the future. When implementing transition policies, impact assessment should be carried out and prudent operation should be carried out. The formulation and implementation of policies should seek the opinions and Suggestions of all relevant parties and should be completed through cooperation between local authorities and representatives and experts of inter-school organizations.
The UK government has highlighted the importance of local authorities working with schools, organisations and individuals in securing funding for education. When formulating policies, local authorities must ensure that local representatives of schools, organizations and individuals of various natures are consulted and that they are involved in the process of policy-making, implementation and supervision. The British government requires local authorities to maintain a close and active partnership with representatives of local early education practitioners. At the same time, representatives of early education should be actively informed of the formulation and implementation process of policies or allocation programs, and actively cooperate with other civil organizations, such as the alliance for preschool education, to have an in-depth understanding of the needs of early education. Working groups are also set up within local authorities to discuss and exchange policy or allocation formulation and implementation process with relevant early education representatives on a regular basis, so as to apply the obtained information to internal cooperation and improve work efficiency. Through internal and external cooperation, local authorities can obtain sufficient detailed and extensive data and information to ensure the efficient and fair application of government investment in early education. According to the cost survey, the basic input allocation amount should be calculated according to the following equation.
Thus, local authorities can formulate local education input budget according to this distribution formula, which is detailed into the government financial allocation available to every school, organization or individual. It is worth noting that, in order to improve the educational opportunities and quality of children from poor families, local authorities should, in formulating their budgets, specify the proportion of children from poor families in their districts or schools in order to ensure special allocations.
Since March 2012, the British government decided to further reform the early education distribution system. Although the single local distribution scheme caters to all schools, organizations and individuals of various natures, its operation is more complex. The reform, which began in March 2012, aims to establish nationwide allocation quotas for education investment at different levels, applicable to schools, organizations and individuals with different levels and characteristics. Local authorities can refer to this allocation system when allocating education investment to make education investment budget more quickly and simply. Since some local authorities still use a single allocation scheme, the British government USES a basic funding guarantee for some public schools to reduce the impact of budget fluctuations on schools, organizations and individuals. However, the basic fund is guaranteed not to cover privately run schools, organizations and individuals. The reform is still a work in progress. The department for education said it hoped the reform would give full play to the advantages of the early education allocation scheme, reduce its complexity and strive for a more stable, transparent and efficient allocation of early education investment in the UK.
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Since 1997, early education has been strongly supported by the British government, which has formulated a series of policies to ensure that every child can get a good preschool education. In 1998, when the new Labour government introduced he National Childcare Strategy, aims to strengthen the pre-school education policy and financial support for a wider range of children and family help, at the same time to provide more jobs for the society. The government has spent 8.5 billion on pre-school education since 1997. Since September 1998, all 4-year-olds have been offered 2.5 hours of free education, five days a week. At the time the government set a target of reaching three-year-olds in all of Scotland and covering at least 66% of England by 2002. In 2003, the British government stipulated that all schools, organizations and individuals under the supervision of ofsted could apply for free education hours grant based on the number of 3-year-olds actually resettled or 90% of the number of resettled 3-year-olds per semester. The rule became the "90 percent base line" rule. Although today the proportion of children aged three benefiting from free hours of education in the UK has far exceeded 90 per cent of the number of resettable children, the provision still applies to ensure that all schools, organisations and individuals receive adequate educational input to ensure early resettlement of children aged three. In 2014, all children aged three and four in England received 570 hours of free pre-school education a year. This amount of free pre-school education is guaranteed by government funding and benefits all public and private schools supervised by ofsted. Some free early education is also available to 2-year-olds from low-income families or with special educational needs.
The cost of educating two children a year is estimated at 6,000. The costs vary depending on the age of the child and the size of the institution: 125 a week for a baby; The cost of housing a child of about one year is 120 a week; It costs 110 a week to house children aged two to three and 108 a week to house one aged three to five. Because of the relation between labor cost and location, the cost of early education in London is much higher than that in other parts of Britain. The British government for early education funding is not directly distributed to all schools by the education quality standards to supervise, but distributed to local authorities, issued by the local authorities according to the various index, such as the number of children school free education part, whether for low-income areas, English as a native language, the proportion of children, a year of school, the local authorities estimate of the cost of local education, student's liquidity, and so on. Only public schools are fully funded by the government, while most private and community-run schools, play groups and private child-minders operate by charging parents for their children. After 1997, the government plans to spend 470m to subsidise private and community-run kindergartens and playgroups to create free school hours for more children.
The British government in order to ensure the reasonable use of early education capital investment policy in 2007, all local authorities according to local conditions to develop a single input allocated according to the plan, in order to ensure all by the local education bureau of quality supervision of school or the 3 ~ 4 years old children in the early education organization can obtain the legal education of 15 hours per week. The department for children, schools and families of the British government points out that the single allocation of funds does not mean that the whole UK will have a single distribution scheme. Because the education cost of different regions in the UK is different, the single distribution scheme means that every local authority should formulate a set of distribution scheme in line with the local reality. The distribution plan will be implemented from September 2010 to ensure fairness and transparency in the use of education.
In 2008 and 2009, the department for children, schools and families of the British government issued guidance documents to help local authorities formulate matching schemes for education investment and ensure the rational use of early education investment. The guiding document stipulates that local authorities should clarify the importance of a single fund allocation plan for early education, establish an accurate education cost model through investigation and research, understand the actual needs of schools, and formulate and improve the allocation plan before April 2010. The guidance document also emphasizes the importance of cooperation between local authorities and schools. Inter-school organizations should play an important role in the formulation of plans, truthfully communicate and feedback the actual educational costs and difficulties, and actively cooperate with local authorities to provide opinions and Suggestions for the investigation. It is pointed out in the guidance document that in addition to the public schools that are completely guaranteed by the government, representatives of inter-school organizations should also come from private schools or self-run organizations or even independent child-care workers, so as to ensure that the needs in various fields are fed back and paid attention to. Local authorities after receiving guidance document, shall be immediately form early education work team composed of experts, design and implementation of the local cost of education research, verify and analyze the collected data, typical cost model is established, the model is validated by other research methods, design and establish the investment scheme, evaluation function and influence of the scheme, put forward the transition distribution policy, consulting organization between school representatives and expert opinion of proposal and suggestion, finally introduced before April 2010 and is based on the distribution of the education investment budget plan formulation.
In this workflow, local authorities play the most important role in policy formulation and implementation. In order to regulate this process, the British government stipulates that local authorities should most effectively support the allocation of government's early education investment in local areas when formulating investment plans. More flexible support for all schools, organisations and individuals supervised by ofsted to ensure that parents can take full advantage of the free hours; Maintain the diversity and selectivity of the education market; To encourage the improvement of education quality, and fully realize that the improvement of education quality is positively correlated with education input; Encourages and supports the closing of achievement gaps between students in different schools and is fully aware of the additional costs of supporting children from low-income and disadvantaged families; Ensure the process is clear, clear and transparent.
At the same time, the British government stipulates that, in order to ensure the efficient operation of the educational input distribution scheme, local authorities should adhere to the following ten principles: when allocating funds, schools and organizations of different natuses should be considered equally to ensure the fairness of distribution; In the allocation of funds, the transparency of the allocation process and standards should be ensured, and the differences in fund investment between schools and organizations of different natuses should be reasonably explained and publicized. In the allocation of funds, the amount of funds allocated should basically conform to the cost model, the main cost factors should be carefully considered; When allocating funds, schools should put forward reasonable requirements. When the fund allocation scheme changes, the development of various schools or organizations and individuals should be guaranteed. In the allocation of funds, in addition to ensuring the needs of government-funded schools, we should also ensure that private schools, organizations and individuals receive adequate support and take into account many factors such as cost, income and public resources. In the allocation of funds, the investment budget should not be calculated according to the number of children who can be resettled by the school or the organization, but according to the actual number of resettled children in each semester, to ensure the accuracy of capital investment; Sustainability may be considered in the allocation of funds, but should not be widely applied and clear criteria should be established; In allocating funds, schools, organizations and individuals of various natuses should be guaranteed sufficient financial support to meet the needs of stable development in the future. When implementing transition policies, impact assessment should be carried out and prudent operation should be carried out. The formulation and implementation of policies should seek the opinions and Suggestions of all relevant parties and should be completed through cooperation between local authorities and representatives and experts of inter-school organizations.
The UK government has highlighted the importance of local authorities working with schools, organisations and individuals in securing funding for education. When formulating policies, local authorities must ensure that local representatives of schools, organizations and individuals of various natures are consulted and that they are involved in the process of policy-making, implementation and supervision. The British government requires local authorities to maintain a close and active partnership with representatives of local early education practitioners. At the same time, representatives of early education should be actively informed of the formulation and implementation process of policies or allocation programs, and actively cooperate with other civil organizations, such as the alliance for preschool education, to have an in-depth understanding of the needs of early education. Working groups are also set up within local authorities to discuss and exchange policy or allocation formulation and implementation process with relevant early education representatives on a regular basis, so as to apply the obtained information to internal cooperation and improve work efficiency. Through internal and external cooperation, local authorities can obtain sufficient detailed and extensive data and information to ensure the efficient and fair application of government investment in early education. According to the cost survey, the basic input allocation amount should be calculated according to the following equation.
Thus, local authorities can formulate local education input budget according to this distribution formula, which is detailed into the government financial allocation available to every school, organization or individual. It is worth noting that, in order to improve the educational opportunities and quality of children from poor families, local authorities should, in formulating their budgets, specify the proportion of children from poor families in their districts or schools in order to ensure special allocations.
Since March 2012, the British government decided to further reform the early education distribution system. Although the single local distribution scheme caters to all schools, organizations and individuals of various natures, its operation is more complex. The reform, which began in March 2012, aims to establish nationwide allocation quotas for education investment at different levels, applicable to schools, organizations and individuals with different levels and characteristics. Local authorities can refer to this allocation system when allocating education investment to make education investment budget more quickly and simply. Since some local authorities still use a single allocation scheme, the British government USES a basic funding guarantee for some public schools to reduce the impact of budget fluctuations on schools, organizations and individuals. However, the basic fund is guaranteed not to cover privately run schools, organizations and individuals. The reform is still a work in progress. The department for education said it hoped the reform would give full play to the advantages of the early education allocation scheme, reduce its complexity and strive for a more stable, transparent and efficient allocation of early education investment in the UK.
想要了解更多英国留学资讯或者需要英国代写，请关注51Due英国论文代写平台，51Due是一家专业的论文代写机构，专业辅导海外留学生的英文论文写作，主要业务有essay代写、paper代写、assignment代写。在这里，51Due致力于为留学生朋友提供高效优质的留学教育辅导服务，为广大留学生提升写作水平，帮助他们达成学业目标。如果您有essay代写需求，可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。
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