Essay代写：The Ways of Meeting Oppression

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- The Ways of Meeting Oppression，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了应对压迫的方式。马丁·路德·金在他的文章《应对压迫的方式》中提到了三种不同的处理压迫的方法，即顺从、暴力和非暴力抵抗。他建议人们应该采取非暴力的策略来避免任何错误。因为他认为非暴力抗议是对抗不公正的最好方式。

Martin Luther King mentions three different ways to deal with oppression in his article “The Ways of Meeting Oppression”, which are acquiescence, violence, and nonviolence resistance. Heclaims that people should take nonviolence strategies to avoid any wrong. Since he believes nonviolence protest is the best way to fight against injustice, he uses various rhetorical features including effective ethos, logos and pathos to prove his point of view and try to persuade the audience.

Martin Luther King makes emotional repetition to emphasize that acquiescence is the passive acceptance of negative freedom. Repetition has strong effects when the author means to reinforce his ideas. When King talks about the reason that acquiescence is not a good choice under oppression, he discusses about acquiescence with same phrases and words. In the third paragraph. King states that “to accept passively an unjust system is to cooperate with that system” and “to accept injustice or segregation passively is to say to the oppressor that his actions are morally right” (King 413). He also describes that acquiescence is “a way of allowing his conscience to fall asleep” and “a way of coward” (King 413). He criticizes acquiescence as the indulgence of injustice and blames the choice is giving up the opportunity to fight. Besides, King explains from the enemy side to convince people. He says “the Negro cannot win the respect of his oppressor…” and “the Negro cannot win the respect of the white people of the South…” to show the negative results and social influence caused by acquiescence. Those repeated phrases emotionally convey King’s attitude toward acquiescence.

Not only on the emotional level, King also provides a higher moral ground with logical arguments to show the immorality of violence and the importance of nonviolence. He analyzes that violence cannot solve the problem substantially because it is to humiliate and annihilate the enemy. He lists all the severe outcomes to illustrate how violence does harm to people, including the fragmentation of the whole society, the paradox of violence itself, and the negative effects to the future generation. King expects that nonviolence resistance can contribute to the moral strength of the country and praises it as a great example. It show nonviolence will influence the society positively in a long term without any inferior method. The explanation on the moral level logically denies the legitimacy and feasibility of violence resistance.

In addition, to highlight the advantage of nonviolence protest, King states shared values and makes contrast with the evidence accepted by people. He firstly clarifies the goal of their resistance, which is the fight between evil and good, justice and injustice. Then he analyzes the differences to make the advantages of nonviolence more obvious and clear. The choice of violence is on the edge of love and hatred, so there will be different result of hope or destruction. He points out that it should be the fight against oppression but not people, but violence can hurt more people. The use of common sense makes it close to the audience.

In conclusion, Martin Luther King uses various rhetorical strategies and impressive language to target the audience effectively. It is a touching article that pervades people both emotionally and logically, and has a lot of acceptable evidence.

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Assignment代写：Fintech regulation in the us

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的assignment代写范文- Fintech regulation in the us，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了美国的金融科技监管。美国是最早将互联网技术大规模应用于金融领域的国家，金融科技的发展一直走在世界前列。针对金融科技的发展及其伴生的风险问题，美国有着一套相对严密的监管制度。对于金融科技，美国金融监管部门的态度总体上是审慎宽松的。监管部门对于金融科技并不主张过分干预，美国金融科技的高速发展得益于政府大力支持金融科技发展并积极出台相关监管政策措施。

In view of the development of fintech and its associated risks, the us adopts prudent and loose regulatory policies to encourage fintech innovation. To maintain the sound and stable development of fintech through sound legal system; Its perfect credit investigation system has also become an important guarantee for the development of fintech in the United States. Learning from the experience of the United States, China should properly handle the relationship between stability and innovation, grasp the intensity of fintech regulation, and speed up the legalization of financial regulation and the construction of credit investigation system.

In the 1990s, Internet technology began to be applied on a large scale, and fintech came into being. According to the definition of the financial stability board, fintech mainly refers to emerging business models, new technology applications, new products and services that are driven by emerging cutting-edge technologies such as big data, blockchain, cloud computing and artificial intelligence and have a significant impact on financial markets and the supply of financial services.

The United States is the first country to apply Internet technology in the financial field on a large scale, and the development of fintech has been taking the lead in the world. Especially since 2010, us fintech companies have developed rapidly, and New York and silicon valley have gathered a large number of fintech companies. As a global financial center, many fintech companies have emerged in New York relying on the developed capital advantages of Wall Street and outstanding financial talents. Silicon valley, known as the cradle of scientific and technological innovation in the United States, has a good ecological environment for financial innovation, attracting a large number of fintech talents, and many fintech unicorns are incubated here. At the same time, Google, Apple, Facebook and Amazon, the four leading technology companies, have also been making efforts in the field of fintech, and their investment has continued to expand. The development of fintech has pushed traditional financial institutions in the United States to adopt information network technology on a large scale, enhance market competitiveness, and significantly lower the threshold of financing, which has played an obvious role in encouraging scientific and technological innovation. As an important driving force of financial innovation, fintech has exerted a profound influence on the financial industry and even the whole economic life.

In recent years, the development of fintech in China is also accelerating, and its disruptive impact on the financial industry is gradually emerging. On the one hand, Internet fintech companies such as ant financial and tenpay seize the lead in mobile payment, consumer finance and other fields by virtue of their big data and technological advantages. On the other hand, the major Banks have also started the "accelerated" mode, has set up fintech subsidiaries. By the end of June 2019, 10 Banks, including industrial bank, ping an bank, China merchants bank, everbright bank, China construction bank, China minsheng bank, huaxia bank, bank of Beijing, industrial and commercial bank of China and bank of China, had successively established fintech subsidiaries. Fintech has become a key area of financial resources distribution and is accelerating to change or even overturn the traditional financial pattern. However, with the rapid development of fintech, many risks and problems have been accumulated. How to balance the relationship between innovation and risk prevention has become an important test for fintech regulation. As a leader in fintech, the us has a lot to learn from its regulation of fintech.

The us has a relatively tight regulatory regime for the development of fintech and its associated risks.

Us financial regulators have generally been cautious and relaxed about fintech. The regulatory authorities do not advocate excessive intervention in fintech. The rapid development of fintech in the United States is due to the government's strong support for fintech development and the active introduction of relevant regulatory policies and measures.

In the United States, there is no financial regulatory agency specifically set up for fintech companies. All financial businesses involved in fintech shall be integrated into the existing financial regulatory system for unified supervision according to their functions. Generally speaking, the financial regulatory authorities in the United States are encouraging the development of fintech, and the regulation is relatively loose. Fintech companies can operate and develop freely within the framework allowed by the regulatory system. The office of the comptroller of the currency's fintech enterprise application assessment charter explicitly states that fintech companies, like other Banks under federal franchises, can conduct business in a safe and healthy manner to meet the needs of consumers, businesses, and communities. Encourage fintech companies to adopt innovative ways to promote financial inclusion.

In order to adapt to and encourage the development of fintech, the us national economic council issued the white paper fintech regulatory framework in 2017, which comprehensively and systematically elaborated the policy objectives and basic principles of fintech policy design and regulatory strategy. The paper argues that fintech has unrivaled potential to revolutionise access to financial services, improve the functioning of the financial system and promote economic growth. The white paper sets out six policy objectives: actively promoting innovation and entrepreneurship in financial services; promoting safe, affordable and fair access to capital; strengthening financial inclusion and financial health; addressing risks to financial stability; improving the financial regulatory framework; and maintaining national competitiveness. On the basis of this paper put forward the perfect financial ecosystem, attaches great importance to the protection of financial consumer rights and interests, to promote safe pratt &whitney financial and financial health, identify and avoid prejudice, improve the transparency of financial products and services, efforts to achieve interoperability and coordination of technical standards, attaches great importance to the network security, data security and privacy protection, and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of financial institutions, maintaining financial stability, continue to develop and strengthen international cooperation and so on ten principles. These principles should serve as guidelines for all practitioners to maintain communication and cooperation.

The regulatory guidelines and policies are matched by a sound legal system and credit system, so as to effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of fintech consumers and the security of transactions.

The United States is a country with a relatively sound financial legal and regulatory system. It maintains the stable and healthy development of the financial industry through a sound legal guarantee system.

The financial services modernization act of 1999 put an end to more than 60 years of separate operations and separate regulation. Following the existing financial laws and regulatory framework, the United States implements centralized management of fintech according to the type and mode of financial business. In the United States, third-party payment institutions are defined as non-bank financial institutions, which perform licensing, spot inspection and financial status supervision at the state level. American states have enacted laws on the monetary services of their non-financial institutions in accordance with the uniform monetary service act. Laws and regulations such as the U.S. financial reform act, the privacy act, the electronic fund transfer act, and the uniform commercial code regulate the electronic payment settlement activities of third-party payment institutions in different ways.

The United States has included the regulation of P2P online lending platforms in the securities industry. In the United States, the certificates sold by P2P online lending platforms are regarded as securities, while the selling and issuing of income rights certificates to lenders by P2P online lending platforms are securities trading behaviors. The securities and exchange commission regulates the P2P online lending industry mainly through mandatory disclosure of information. The federal trade commission can take enforcement action against P2P online lenders, which provide specific services to depository institutions and are regulated by the federal reserve and the office of the comptroller of the currency. The consumer protection rules for online lenders are regulated by the consumer financial protection bureau and the federal trade commission. In 2012, President Obama signed the act of promoting entrepreneurial enterprises financing, the bill further relax restrictions on private capital markets, relax for small and medium-sized enterprises IPO financing process and subsequent disclosure regulation, whose income is less than $1 billion enterprises in the five years after the initial public offering to public financial information. The law also allows start-ups and small businesses to raise up to $1m a year through "mass financing". The introduction of this law provides a relatively loose institutional environment for small enterprises to raise funds through online fundraising, adds an exemption system for crowdfunding issuance registration, and strengthens the supervision of crowdfunding intermediaries. The act embodies the organic unity of deregulation and regulation. The promulgation of the law marks the legalization of crowdfunding equity financing.

In 1970, the U.S. congress passed the fair credit reporting act, and the federal trade commission and the consumer financial protection commission, the credit reporting regulators in the United States, performed their respective regulatory duties within the scope of their respective responsibilities. The fair credit reporting act was enacted when a large number of consumer credit investigation and reporting agencies appeared in the market, and most of the agencies used consumer credit score as the basis for granting credit. The fair credit reporting act defines for the first time the scope of business responsibilities of credit reporting agencies, marking a milestone in the protection of the rights and interests of individual credit information in the United States. It specifies the responsibilities and obligations of credit agencies and users, the legal content of credit reports, the purpose of using credit reports and the relevant legal rights and responsibilities of consumers. In 1996, the us government amended the fair credit reporting act and introduced the intelligence authorization act and the debt collection improvement act to supplement the use of individual consumer credit reports by the fbi and federal government agencies.

In addition, the United States and is introducing the equal credit opportunity act honest loan law the act of fair credit check the electronic fund transfer act "bankruptcy law" the privacy act and the freedom of information act and other laws and regulation to form a complete set, the fair credit reporting act to regulate credit and equal credit and protect individual privacy and so on has carried on the strict legal norms. U.S. consumer financial protection agency, the financial consumers' lawful rights and interests of financial protection and supervision, the sponsor of the innovative financial products should be provided in the protection of consumers' rights and interests about our product, including the innovative products to provide is different from the characteristics of existing products on the market, innovation potential risks, and safeguard measures, etc.

America's efficient financial system and rapid development of fintech innovation are attributed to its relatively loose regulatory encouragement policies and sound legal system, as well as its well-developed credit system. The development of credit investigation agencies in the United States has experienced a process from basic to diversified services and from domestic to global market, gradually forming a complete industrial system and a highly developed market.

The leader in the us corporate credit market is credit giant Dunne & bradstreet. D&b group is an international famous credit management company of enterprise credit investigation. With a history of more than 170 years, the company has become an industry giant in the field of commercial credit investigation by continuously expanding the credit evaluation market. The company has the highest comprehensive database of its kind in the world, and customers can access the business information database information through the global network. The company's main services are credit investigation, receivables management, marketing information, value-added products, securities credit rating, financial information services. D&b assigns a d&b code to all the enterprises in the database. D&b is a unique 9-digit global coding system, which is widely used in enterprise identification, organization and arrangement of business information. DUNSRight database has DUNSRight's unique DUNSRight process, which is based on the company's control over the quality of information and consists of 5 steps including global data collection, entity matching, DUNSRight coding, enterprise association and prediction index.

At present, the American personal credit market is a stable situation of experian, ecofei and quanlian. American personal credit bureaus experienced the development process of centralization, decentralization and recentralization, and finally formed a highly centralized industry pattern. Small credit bureaus all over the country were attached to the three credit bureaus to carry out business, and their relationship with the three bureaus was usually subordinate or contractual. And the three credit bureau is the credit bureau alliance company members. The federation of credit bureaus deals with the government and the media on behalf of the credit investigation industry.

The three major credit bureaus in the United States almost cover the entire American personal credit market, and their credit reports basically cover the adult population of the United States. Personal data mainly includes personal identity information, credit information and public information. The bureau processes the data it receives to calculate individual credit scores. At the same time, these data are constantly updated, and individual credit scores change dynamically. The credit score of American individuals is generally between 300 and 850, and different customer credit corresponds to different financial services. The three major credit bureaus use credit scores to sell credit reports to relevant demand agencies. The three bureaus have access to the credit files of 170 million American adults and sell more than 600 million credit reports a year, generating more than $10 billion in revenue. The whole society has a very high attention to personal credit, and the demand is very strong. However, the fair credit report law has strict legal provisions on the personal credit information of others, and the caller can only get it if he/she complies with the provisions. The credit reports of the three credit bureaus have their own characteristics and cater to different market demands. The three credit agencies compete with each other and promote each other, making the credit market in the United States more mature.

The experience of fintech regulation in the United States can provide beneficial enlightenment for improving the fintech regulation level in China and promoting the healthy development of fintech in China, which is conducive to the research and discussion on the path selection of strengthening fintech regulation in China.

On the one hand, fintech has brought guidance and reform to the whole financial industry, effectively promoted economic and financial development and greatly facilitated people's lives. On the other hand, compared with traditional finance, fintech field contains financial and technological risks. After the rapid growth in recent years, China's fintech has entered the normative development stage of promoting development and keeping an eye on risks. Financial regulation should balance the relationship between innovation and stability of science and technology, not only ensure the financial development of science and technology innovative energy, improve financial efficiency, avoid too strict and rigid regulation the vitality of financial innovation, and to ensure the financial security, to avoid financial disorder of science and technology development, not a major economic and financial risks, keep the safety line, which requires the regulator to control financial regulation of science and technology strength and strategy as well.

We should strengthen the top-level design of financial cooperative supervision and establish a sound financial cooperative supervision system. The fintech regulatory departments should give full play to their functions, improve the macro-prudential management system, establish a centralized and coordinated coordinated regulatory mechanism at the central level, and coordinate the relationship between central and local supervision. Fintech makes the boundary of existing business forms not as clear and distinct as before, but increasingly integrated. Therefore, it is necessary to design the top-level system of financial collaborative supervision, coordinate the relationship between institutional supervision, functional supervision and behavioral supervision, so as to achieve the full coverage of supervision and avoid supervision blank or repeated supervision. Fintech regulation should fully study and judge the risk levels of different financial businesses, so as to determine the way and intensity of regulation. It is necessary to strengthen the all-round monitoring before, during and after the event, strictly monitor and manage the frequent occurrence of risks, and take effective measures to prevent risks from expanding. We should strengthen the information disclosure system, unify the information disclosure standards for fintech enterprises, improve the transparency of the industry, impose strict punishment on violations of disclosure and other behaviors, and ban those who have seriously lost their trust from the industry.

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Dissertation Proposal怎么写

想必大家都知道Dissertation的重要性，只有写好Dissertation，大家的毕业才能顺顺利利。在国外大学，学生在开始写Dissertation之前，教授都会让他们先写一个开题报告，待这个报告确定之后，才能开始正式去写Dissertation，而这个开题报告，就叫做Dissertation Proposal，下面就给大家讲解一下。

The Dissertation Proposal

Dissertation以研究为开端。 它的确从减少研究主题的介绍开始，而是指出了广泛研究的关键领域-这是您的论文导师或研究顾问关注的地方。

您的学术导师需要确定哪个主题是最重要的，即适用于论文写作，也可以帮助您撰写Dissertation。

基本上，您的教授会监督您的研究流程，并帮助您确定最适合您的研究方法，所需的信息类型，并帮助您获得这些信息。

除非您的大学要求您使用其他格式，否则标准的Dissertation建议包含以下部分：

I. Working Title

简而言之，working title是您的initial title，并且随着您在研究中发现新信息而更改，但是，您的working title必须是明确的，并且要明确论文的前提是什么。

一个有效的标题最多可以包含二十(20)个单词，因为它应该包含Dissertation的关键要素。通常：

1.主题领域或主题兴趣(谁/或什么是主要主题?)

2.特定的研究类型(是公共关系运动还是纪录片?请注意，如果您正在编写常规研究，则不必指定它)

3.研究范围(研究地点)

例如：“A Documentary: The Perception of the Children of Local Farmers in the Philippines about Rice Farming as a Career”

这种标题格式仅限于一般的定性，定量和混合方法研究。其他论文可能会要求使用不同的格式-例如，护理研究可能要求研究人员针对研究问题使用问题/患者/人群–干预–比较–结果(PICO)框架，从而影响工作职位 。

请注意，论文的每个要素都取决于您的教育课程。

II. Introduction

在撰写dissertation proposal的介绍时，您只需要记住五个要素，但是，您必须表现得很好，因为这确实是一个proposal，您应该争取被批准。

1.Topic。像任何其他academic paper或者report一样，您必须在一般视图中介绍您的主题。 坚持事实陈述，并简化论文的目的，特定研究目标和研究问题。

2.Aim。将aim与objective区分开来，两者确实令人困惑，因为它们是如此紧密地联系在一起，但也有很大的不同。只需记住，aim就是在学习结束时描述您希望得到的结果。

3.Objectives。Objectives介绍了您的研究aim的细节。研究Objectives就像aim的粉碎部分，并且就像实现aim所需的关键石一样。

4.Research Questions。现在，这是您论文建议中最关键的元素。您的研究问题代表了整个建议，因为这些是您正在寻找答案的实际问题。

如果以前发布的研究已经解决了这些问题，那么很可能会要求您修改您的问题或彻底修改该概念，并将其重新调整到一个几乎没有开发的研究领域。

研究问题是经典的“how”问题，也就是说，您的问题应该能够引起解释和辩解。 此外，您的研究问题应导致解决您的研究目标，并达到您论文的目的。

5.Rationale.研究理由是对您认为自己的研究主题很重要，并且对学术研究领域或任何其他行业或您的受访者有利的原因的概述。

III. Initial or Preliminary Literature Review

即使您只是在做dissertation proposal，大多数学生也会对您需要立即提供literature review这一事实感到震惊，因为，让我们面对现实，撰写相关文献的评论非常激烈。

但是，请注意，dissertation proposal的literature review不如您要撰写完整论文的文献综述那么广泛。尽管如此，您仍需要找到与您的研究问题直接相关的主要学术资源。

无论您在初步的文献综述中写了什么，都应该能够证明需要解决您的研究问题。实际中和线上都有数十亿的研究材料，因此请选择内容完全与您的研究主题直接相关的信息。

IV. Methodology

Methodology部分是您不必担心初步literature review的原因，因为您将在论文提案中讨论的research methodology与您的研究问题一样重要–为什么?

由于methodology是您将用来寻找问题答案的研究工具，因此，您选择的数据收集方法或技术必须不惜一切代价完全适合您的研究问题，以使小组同意您的观点。

您确实可以找到问题的答案。您不能简单地列举出例如要使用调查表和可扩展问卷来解决您的研究问题，而又不能证明其与研究的合理性。

同样，您不能仅在论文中建议描述各种研究方法的优缺点或任何其他描述性细节，因为您的小组对此很清楚。

他们希望您讨论的是如何定制特定的研究方法来获取解决研究问题所需的数据-基本上，解释一下为什么您认为考虑到研究问题，数据收集技术最有效。

V. Timetable

时间表与研究的时间管理计划一样简单。展示您的研究时间表的最佳工具是Gantt Chart。

例如，您计划从初始步骤到最终防御的研究过程持续时间为六个月-您必须在表格中划分这些月，并列举您打算在目标周内完成的活动。

总而言之，一篇dissertation通常只有一个小讨论和四个主要部分：

0. Working Title

1. Introduction

1.1 Aim

1.2 Objectives

1.3 Research Questions

1.4 Rationale

2. Preliminary Literature Review

3. Methodology

4. Timetable

请注意，dissertation proposal 不一定要有结论，但最后可以使用摘要段落来包装文档。

以上就是关于Dissertation Proposal的写作讲解，对于开题报告的写作，大家也要认真起来，不然报告不通过的话，那么Dissertation就永远不能动笔。

想要了解更多论文写作技巧或者需要论文代写，请关注51Due论文代写平台，51Due是一家专业的论文代写机构，专业辅导海外留学生的英文论文写作，主要业务有essay代写、assignment代写、paper代写。亲们可以进入主页了解和获取更多关于论文代写以及英国留学资讯，我们将为广大留学生提升写作水平，帮助他们达成学业目标。如果您有论文代写需求，可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。

Paper代写：Consumer concept

本篇paper代写- Consumer concept讨论了消费者的概念。消费者，指的就是为个人、家庭或家用而非转售目的而购买商品或服务的个人，以及为个人目的而非商业目的使用产品的自然人。有关消费者的主体范围，有人认为其原则上仅限于自然人，不应当包括单位。单位因消费而购买商品或接受服务，应当受合同法调整，而不应当受法律的调整，也有学者认为消费者不仅限于自然人，还应当包括个人、家庭需要或者团体消费。本篇paper代写由51due代写平台整理，供大家参考阅读。

So-called "customers", in accordance with the "black law dictionary" explanation, refers to "for personal, family, or household to purchase goods or services rather than for resale purposes of individuals, as well as the purpose for personal and non-commercial purposes of natural person", "consumer rights and interests protects a law" of our country on the definition of consumer is "for the life consumption need to purchase and use goods or accept service", surrounding the definition, legal science of dispute mainly has two points: one is the main body of consumers is limited to natural person, legal person and social groups whether belong to the consumer; Second, the law only protects whether consumers' "life consumption" is reasonable and how to define "life consumption".

Some scholars believe that the scope of the subject of consumers is limited in principle to natural persons and should not include units. Because the unit consumption and to purchase goods or receive services, shall be adjusted by the law of contract, and shall not be affected by the adjustment of the consumer rights and interests protection act, also the scholar thinks consumers are not limited to natural person, shall also include individual, family or community consumption. The author thinks that, with the development of science and technology, especially the popularization of Internet application, the "customers" is limited to the scope of a natural person, has not adapt to the development of the society, is unfavorable to protect the lawful rights and interests of the parties. This is largely because, first of all, with the improvement of product information degree of specialization, although buyers access to information ability improved, but its ability to analysis, identify the information, but relatively declined, ordinary buyers cannot rely on its own judgment of product quality, buyers and producers and sellers with unequal power, and the gap is widening; Second, the rapid development of network technology, make the third party trading platform to expand our reach, consumption way of trading, compared with the past, great changes have taken place by traditional goods money both face to face to many kinds of way to trade, such as shopping, buying, etc; Third, the consumption concept and the end consumer main body also had a big change. As the change of consumption concept, the part of the product is belong to the "cost of living" there are different views, due to differences in income levels, different economic level of a natural person's understanding of life consumption is put in bigger difference, such as buying tickets to the theatre and watching movies, whether this kind of consumer behavior belongs to the "cost of living", different groups have different opinions. The end consumer body has also changed a lot. The end consumer body of watching movies can be personal consumption, family consumption, or group consumption. At present, the definition of "life consumption" mainly includes the standards of subjectivity and objectivity, rule of thumb and final consumption. From the perspective of fuzzy jurisprudence theory, some scholars used different mathematical models to explore the true meaning of "consumers". The theory of fuzzy jurisprudence holds that legal concepts are a fuzzy set. According to the theory of fuzzy jurisprudence, the extension of consumers is uncertain. The author thinks that in actual judicial activities, the fuzzy theory with the practice of justice of law makes little sense to accurate use of the concept of law, and the fuzziness of fuzzy theory of law philosophy is not conducive to adjust and standardize the social relations and citizenship behavior and damage the authority of the law.

As for whether it should be on the "consumer" standards "consumption" as the limit, the author thinks that in the existing "consumer rights and interests protects a law" and "food safety law system, will be limited to consumers" life consumption "is necessary. In view of the existing law has to the "customers" to "consumption" as the constitutive requirements of clear limits, before lawmakers did not officially launched legal modify the program, change or even completely deny the content of the original law violates the legal theory, more will damage the authority of the law, undermine its credibility. , of course, as I mentioned earlier, in view of the consumer in the process of payment and the diversity of the terminal consumer, and consumers and producers and operators of widening inequality status, can be considered in the "cost of living, to adopt a more broad standards.

The supreme people's court in the relating to food and drug administration disputes provisions on some issues of applicable law, the third rule: "because of the food and drug quality problems involved in a dispute, buyers to producers and sellers claim, producers and sellers to the buyers know food and drug quality problems and still buy on defense, the people's court shall not support", which will officially introduced the concept of "buyers" food and drug case. Economic legal relationship, the word "purchaser" first appeared in China's "anti-unfair competition law", since "consumer rights and interests protects a law", "food safety law and so on all use the term" customers ", compared to the consumers' rights and interests protects a law "and" food safety "of the word" consumer "and" buyer "and its difference is mainly manifested in the following respects.

First of all, analysis from the aspects of arts and explain, "the buyer" refers to the buying behavior of people, can be a natural person, can also be a family, company or other organizations, and "customers" refers to the purchase and use goods or accept services, as a general rule, be a natural person. According to "consumer rights and interests protection law", "customers" to "consumption" as the constitutive requirements, while the "buyers" without this limitation, productive consumption can still set up purchasing behavior.

Second, from the analysis, the purpose of the judicial interpretation issued by the supreme people's court was needed at the judicial interpretation, one of the agent is trying to introduce the word "buyer", expanding "consumer rights and interests protects a law", "food safety" "customers" in the applicable scope, the unified judicial practice in the "customers" identity when processing standard is not unified, and better protect the legitimate rights and interests of the parties.

Disputes over the scope of consumer application and the concept of life consumption have continued since the beginning of the law on the protection of consumer rights and interests. It led directly to the local courts deal with related issues facing difficulties with applicable standards, supreme people's court, the paper introduced a concept of buyers, is hoping to "consumer rights and interests protects a law" and "food safety law has not yet been incorporated into units, groups such as the main body into the category of consumers, along with all the demands of this kind of main body to maintain their legal rights and provide legal support.

In addition, as the change of consumption concept, determine whether the parties to purchase a commodity consumption life more difficult, the past decision criteria such as subjective and objective consistent said, the rule of thumb says highlights its limitations. Supreme law through the introduction of the concept of "buyer", on the one hand, in the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the parties has expanded, on the other hand also indirectly to give the court more discretion, allow the judge according to the experience of the social life, the values of specific case judgment, to determine the purpose of the parties to purchase goods and its identity. In other words, the Supreme Court's action means the expansion and revision of past judgment criteria such as "rule of thumb theory".

To be sure, the regulations of the Supreme Court, in addition to outside the third used the word "buyer" and other provisions is the widespread use of the word "customers", thus, the judicial explanation of indirect adopt the concept of general consumers, so that consumers and buyers tend to be uniform on the connotation and denotation. This means that as a "consumer" constitutive requirements of the standard of "cost of living", in fact, be able to expand, the past was left out in the consumer behavior of so-called "know the fake fake" behavior, included in the cost of living. Although this increases the buyers to according to the risk of malicious litigation, but relative to the national security of food and drug safety and health, standard and orderly market order maintenance, clearly the law is more focus on the latter.

For strengthening the protection of consumer rights and food and drug administration, the Supreme Court to know fake fake person included in the main body of civil compensation claim, but the concept of "consumer" and "buyer" coexist, could trigger for the judicial interpretation of new question: does not exclude the district court in the courts of the above two concepts still discriminate, make to the understanding of consumers and return to a narrow level, thus breaches the original intention of judicial interpretation. Of article 4 of the regulations, for example, "the food and drug producers and sellers provide consumers the gifts of food or drug quality and safety problems, causing damage to consumers, consumers claim, producers and sellers of gifts for payment of consideration by consumers of the defense, the people's court shall not support", some people think that the right subject of here since be expressed as "customers" rather than "buyers", means for buyers is not used for personal consumption, if its accept gifts of faulty cause person damage outside of its oneself, the buyer cannot claim; However, the victim has no contract with the food and drug producers or sellers, and can only claim product liability without the right to file a contract lawsuit.

The author suggested that the supreme people's court is necessary to further clarify the regulations in the application of the relevant concepts, and the burden of proof of the parties to make principled regulations, unifying the court's judgment standard. At the same time, in the determination of "life consumption", the judge is given more discretion, so that he can flexibly deal with the new problems in food and drug consumption cases.

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Essay代写：Humanized design

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- Humanized design，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了人性化设计。人性化设计，就是在设计的过程当中在遵循原有对设计的基本功能考量的前提下将人日常的行为习惯、心理情况与思维方式等因素也考虑其中以设计出让观众在互动过程中使用起来更舒适、耐用等；人性化设计无疑将科学技术、艺术与人性巧妙结合。人性化设计是社会经济和人类发展的必然结果，是人类需要层级上升的内在需求。

The scientific outlook on development refers to the theme of putting people first, which shows that people occupy a dominant position in life. This paper discusses the humanity of design around the application of human nature design in life. First of all, the concept of humanized design starts from the beginning and points out the main areas of humanized design. Secondly, through the successful application of humanized design in interior design and product design, the advantages of humanized design are illustrated. Finally, summarize the future trend and importance of humanized design.

The concept of humanized design and design are inseparable, refers to the process of the design in the original based on the premise of the basic function of design considerations will people daily behavior habits, the body's physiological structure and psychological situation to such factors as the mode of thinking is also considered to design for the audience in the process of interaction more portable, comfortable and durable to use, etc.; Humanized design is the crystallization of the wisdom of it will be combined together: science, technology, art and human nature in the design of the background of science and technology to ensure the structure of the solid and practical function, art and humanity in design is full of fun and vitality.

Design in the contemporary life is everywhere, but less good design, good design can let a person cheerful life, bad design can affect the person's life, bring inconvenience or even result in a bad mood.

Interior design is to point to according to the nature of the use of interior space, the environment and the corresponding standards, using the material means and architectural aesthetics principle, create a reasonable, comfortable and beautiful will satisfy people material and spiritual needs of the indoor environment. Interior design is a big category in design, which is closely related to people's living life.

The house refinement design advocated by professor zhou minyan of tsinghua university is the best example of humanization of interior design. Kitchen design, for example, in the kitchen, on the basis of the human behavior and the use of comfort and convenience, the height of cabinet put oneself in another's position is divided into upper, middle and lower three regions: the lower the height is 600 mm, is ground to body area of the vertical arm drooping fingers, access to inconvenience, must bend over or squat down operation, general access heavier or unusual items; The height of the middle part is 600-1800mm, which is the range of the shoulder axis and the radius of the upper limb. Upper height is more than 1800mm, it is not easy to take the height of the item, need to stand on the stool or ladder, provide long-term fixed storage for light and not commonly used items.

Condole ark bottom elevation is small easy to cause operations to meet and keep out the line of sight, and the central mesa for 700 mm deep tank bottom elevation can reduce, to increase reserves, central mesa for 600 mm deep tank bottom elevation to rise, in case the line of sight block and head. These small sizes may not seem like much on their own, but they are obvious in everyday life. The reasonable design of the cabinet size can be more convenient for us to take the goods, which can effectively avoid unnecessary collision between people and the cabinet, so that people can live a more comfortable life.

Product design is a creative process of integrated information processing is through a variety of elements such as lines, symbols, Numbers, color combinations of methods such as the shape of the product in the form of a plane or three-dimensional display. It will be a person of a particular purpose or need into a specific physical or tools, the process of planning, planning ideas, problem solving, to introduce a method, through the concrete operation, expressed in the form of the ideal. Product design is also very close to people's design scope, it directly touches People's Daily life living. When it comes to product design, we have to mention the most revolutionary product iphone. Below, we will see how it can change our life to the utmost from the perspective of application types.

For example, the iphone divides its system into three main types of Applications: Productivity Applications, Utility Applications and Immersive Applications. The main service scope of efficiency application is to help users complete daily needs of life, such as photo management and sharing, email sending and receiving, closing and opening of various applications, etc. Such applications typically come with a natural hierarchy; The utility is mainly used to execute a series of simple task commands. Immersive applications are designed in the broadest range and can provide a rich experience for users through different games and entertainment. Each of the three applications has its own unique features and applications. The iphone is really designed for people, it's really designed for people.

The design aims at whether to meet the physiological and psychological needs revealed in people's own life, which is the incentive to promote the development of human design. The behavioral scientists maslow's hierarchy of needs theory put forward by the it from low to high is divided into five levels of hierarchy is physiological needs, security needs, social needs, respect for the needs and self-actualization needs. He points out that the relationships between the five levels rise step by step, and that the needs of the upper level must be relatively satisfied if the needs of the lower level are to be generated. So also in the same way, human design, from simple rough design form, the practical spirit to dealing with cultural factors of humanized design trend that he mentioned the embodiment of the hierarchy of needs rise step by step. That is to say, with the continuous development of society and the accelerated pace of life, people need more high-level and spiritual comfort. This is especially true in the information age when competition is fierce. Therefore, humanized design is the inevitable result of social economy and human development, and the internal demand of human needs to rise at a higher level. Design can change our life, but the higher level of humanized design can make our life more happy and happy.

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