1998-(6)改題
□Old Fred Ford had gone to live with his daughter, Kate, and her family shortly after his wife, Mary, died. Kate was an energetic woman who ①exp---- 【to think that someone should do something】 people always to be doing something, and she found plenty of jobs for Fred to do. This ②(part / made / feel / him) of the household, but now he really wanted to be able to sit and ③(on / reflect / of / the events) his life. If he had continued to live alone, he would have had the time to do this to his heart's content.
□One afternoon he felt he simply had to get away from the house. “I'm going for a walk,”he said, ④(him / closing / behind / the door ).
□Leaving the town, he walked across the fields and followed a slow-moving stream toward the hills. After a while he came to a pool in the stream under some trees. Here, he thought, was a place he could come to when he ⑤(reflect / to / on / needed) the past. Although the stream seemed unlikely to have any fish, he would simply tell Kate he had found a place to go fishing.
□When he mentioned the stream that night, his son-in-law, Jim, said in disbelief, “There aren't any fish there. That stream runs dry half the summer.”The old man ⑥pre---- 【to behave in a particular way in order to deceive other people】 to be surprised. “You don't say! Well, I'll give it a try, anyway.”
□The next day he dug his old fishing rod out of the garage. It reminded him of the last time he had gone fishing, eight years back, with Mary.
□When he stopped to buy a fishing license and some ⑦equ---- 【the things that you need to do a particular job or activity】 at the store and mentioned the little stream, the owner looked surprised. “No fish in that. If you want my advice, drive down to Lake Henshaw.”
□Fred thanked him, ⑧(trying / something / said / about) the lake sometime, left the store, and made his way to the pool. No one else was there; it was just as he had left it. He found a comfortable place to sit, set up the rod and relaxed.
□During the following months he came to this spot frequently. Kate ⑨com---- 【to say that something is not satisfactory】that it was a waste of time: “If only he'd bring some fish home sometimes!” The men at the gas station would call out in a friendly way, “Come to Lake Henshaw with us sometime. We'll show you how to catch some real fish!” Sometimes boys on bicycles would ⑩(to / him / pause / watch) and he would overhear their judgement: “He must be crazy.”
□But he didn't let these comments spoil his visits to this quiet place, where he would sit gazing at the sky, the water, or the hills, almost motionless, ⑪(his life / the richness / remembering / of). He found contentment beside the slow-moving water, which, like himself, had left the steep, rocky days far behind.
□One day old Fred felt the rod jerk. Instantly wide awake, he saw a large trout jump from the water trying ⑫(shake / free / to / itself). His heart beating fast, he began to play the fish with all his former skill. Slowly it weakened, and finally he managed to bring it onto the bank where he stood looking victoriously at the beautiful trout. It was like honey in his mouth ⑬(to imagine what Kate) and all the others would say when they saw such a fine trout.
□Then he ⑭rea---- 【to know or understand a particular fact or situation】 word would soon get around and all those who had thought him foolish would invade his privacy, pole in hand, and fill it with the noise of feet and voices. No, he decided, his moment of sweet victory would not be worth that price.
□He reached down to the fish and removed the hook. The fish floated slowly away with the stream, then ⑮dis---- 【to stop existing】 into the depths. Then, with a quiet smile, the old man made ready to start for home.
解答) ①expected②(made him feel part)③(reflect on the events of)④(closing the door behind him)⑤(needed to reflect on)⑥pretended⑦equipment⑧(said something about trying) ⑨complained⑩(pause to watch him)⑪(remembering the richness of his life)⑫(to shake itself free)⑬(to imagine what Kate)⑭realized⑮disappeared
①proud【práud】(Ex:*Graduating from university is a *huge *accomplishment and you should be *proud of yourself.)(017)
②expensive【ikspénsiv】(Ex:Making energy-saving changes in the home can be *expensive, but it will *save your money in the long run.)(018)
③absent【ǽbsnt】(Ex:In my school, when a *regular teacher is *absent, another teacher teaches the class *instead.)(019)
④capable【kéipəbl】(Ex:According to the newspaper, even a teenager is *capable of *sailing a yacht around the world alone.)(020)
(A)costing a lot of money
(B)not *present at a usual or expected place
(C)feeling *pleased and *satisfied about something that you have done
(D)having the *ability to do something
(017)Graduating from university is a huge accomplishment and you should be pro------- of yourself.【feeling pleased and satisfied about something that you have done】
(018)Making energy-saving changes in the home can be exp------- , but it will save your money in the long run.【costing a lot of money】
(019)In my school, when a regular teacher is abs------- , another teacher teaches the class instead.【not present at a usual or expected place】
(020)According to the newspaper, even a teenager is cap------- of sailing a yacht around the world alone.【having the ability to do something】
1997-(6)改題
□One autumn afternoon a friend of mine, Captain Baker, returned from a trip to Washington and found his wife, Jane, ①(for / waiting / at / him) the station in New York. She had gone to meet him because she had suddenly been given tickets for the opera that night. She was afraid they would ②(they / be / if / late) didn't go there directly from the station.
□She told him about something that she had found while she was waiting for the train to arrive. In a corner of the station she had ③not---- 【to become aware of someone or something】 a telephone booth with a sign on its door, “Out of Order.” Glancing into the booth, she had seen a small object beneath the telephone.
□“Look!” she said, holding out to him a small blue wooden cat. They smiled over the curious toy, and she ④(it / her / pushed / into) bag as they left the station.
□Later, they were sitting in the back row in the ⑤cro---- 【containing a lot of people or too many people】 opera house enjoying the wonderful music. Some of the audience were standing just behind them. Suddenly ⑥(fingers / Jane / touching / felt) her lightly on the back of her arm. She shivered a little, and tried to keep her attention on the music.
□When the touch was repeated a moment later, she whispered to her husband about it, but he only replied that people do not bother you at the opera on purpose. However, the touch was repeated and ⑦(was / seemed / it / there) a reason for it. Yet the touch was so slight that she ⑧hes---- 【to pause before doing something, usually because you are not sure that it is appropriate】 to turn round and glance back.
□At the end of the first part they left their seats. Jane said, “Those fingers brushing lightly against me felt so strange, like the fingers of a ghost.” She felt so ⑨ner---- 【worried and anxious about something that might happen】 that she could not return to her seat and the Captain reluctantly agreed that they should leave the opera and go home. But on the way home Jane ⑩(doubt / to / that / began) anything had touched her at all. She admitted it might have been merely her imagination.
□After they reached home, she remembered the little cat and got her bag to have another look at it. She noticed the bag felt heavier. When she opened it and looked inside, she ⑪(amazed / see / was / to) a pile of diamonds, sapphires and pearls.
□Not surprisingly, they could hardly sleep at all that night. Both were now ⑫con---- 【to make someone believe that something is true】 that those ghostlike fingers had put the jewels in her bag during the opera. The next morning they went to the police. At first the police could not understand this strange situation. It was only after Jane ⑬(finding / to / happened / mention) the little wooden cat that they could give an explanation.
□“Thieves had stolen the jewels and were going to pass them over to a woman. In order to ⑭ide---- 【to recognize someone or something and say who or what they are】 her, they placed the cat in the booth and told her to pick it up. They would be watching her, and afterwards would pass the stolen objects to her. The woman arrived late, however, and you found the cat by chance. They followed you and found a clever way to pass the jewelry to you.”
□Much of the jewelry was returned to the owners, but a considerable amount was not and ⑮(Jane's / into / possession / came). She also kept the small wooden cat, which she had grown to like.
解答)①(waiting for him at)②(be late if they)③noticed④(pushed it into her)⑤crowded ⑥(Jane felt fingers touching) ⑦(it seemed there was) ⑧hesitated⑨nervous⑩(began to doubt that)⑪(was amazed to see)⑫convinced⑬(happened to mention finding)⑭identify⑮(came into Jane's possession)
①obey【oubéi】(Ex:Should soldiers always *obey orders?)
②pray【préi】(Ex:We *prayed for peace.)
③melt【mélt】(Ex:What is the best way to *melt snow?)
④select【silékt】(Ex:He was *selected for the Japan National Team.)
(A)to cause something to change from solid to liquid
(B)to do what you are told to do
(C)to speak to a higher being in order to give thanks or to ask for help
(D)to choose someone or something carefully from among others
(785)to ( ) that something is ( ) true＝( )
Freud ( ) that laughter releases ( )
and ( ) mental frustration.
(786)to ( ) someone ( ) doing something ( ),
especially something that is not very ( )＝( )
Some have ( ) that lying can never be ( ) under any circumstances.
(787)to ( ) that you have been ( )
and will ( ) fighting＝( )
The robber finally ( ) and ( ) his hostage.
(788)to ( ) an action or a process ( ) or more ( )
to happen＝( )
The role of the interpreter is to ( )
( ) communication between people who use different languages.
(789)actions or opinions that ( ) your strong ( )
with a plan or ( )＝( )
( ) to United States ( ) in the Vietnam War began with demonstrations in 1964.
(790)one half of the ( ) or ( )＝( )
People in mild climates in the northern ( ) sometimes experience periods of very hot and ( ) weather.
(791)a ( ) service or other ( ) that is always performed in the same way＝( )
Shinto festivals generally ( )( )( )
with joyful celebration.
(792)a ( )( )( ) you look at something＝( )
Whether it's a still shot or a movie, camera ( )( )
the look, feel and mood of that story.
(793)an idea which ( ) to ( ) something
but has yet to be ( ) to be ( )＝( )
Conducting an experiment without a ( ) is like starting a road trip just ( ) the ( ) of driving.
(794)the ( ) made by many people ( ) their hands to ( ) their ( ) or enjoyment＝( )
It was such an ( ) movie
that the director received thunderous ( ) from the audience.
(795)the ( ) that something will happen＝( )
No matter how security ( ) you are, the ( ) of
thieves ( )( ) your home is always a worrying possibility.
(796)a situation that is strange, funny, or sad because things ( )
in the ( )( ) to what you would expect＝( )
The White House Press Secretary described the ( ) of people buying guns after shooting attacks as a“( )( ).”
(797) ( ) of doing something
in an ( ) or ( ) way＝( )
Candidates whose faces look ( ) enjoy an electoral advantage.
(798)not ( ) to ( ) your ideas＝( )
When your elderly parents need help but become ( ), it can be a difficult situation.
(799) ( ) but able to be ( )＝( )
The room is spacious and comfortable, ( ) the air-conditioning is a bit noisy
but is ( ).
(800) ( ) or ( ) to a particular situation
or person＝( )
Students must be able to select ( ) information from a lecture or text.
左頁
単語にあった定義を選んでください。
(197)
①assert【əsə'ːrt】(Ex:Freud *asserted that laughter *releases *tension and *liberates *mental *frustration.)(785)
②excuse【ekskjúːz】(Ex:Some have *argued that *lying can never be *excused under any *circumstances.)(786)
③surrender【səréndər】(Ex:The *robber *finally *surrendered and *released his *hostage.)(787)
④facilitate【fəsílətèit】(Ex:The *role of the *interpreter is to *facilitate *accurate *communication between people who use different *languages.)(788)
(A)to *admit that you have been *defeated and will stop fighting
(B)to *forgive someone for doing something wrong, especially something that is not very *serious
(C)to make an *action or a *process easier or more likely to happen
(D)to *state that something is *certainly true
(198)
①opposition【ɑ`pəzíʃən】(Ex:*Opposition to United States *involvement in the Vietnam War began with *demonstrations in 1964.)(789)
②hemisphere【hémisfìər】(Ex:People in mild *climates in the northern *hemisphere sometimes experience *periods of very hot and *humid *weather.)(790)
③ritual【rítʃuəl】(Ex:Shinto festivals *generally *combine *solemn *rituals with joyful *celebration.)(791)
④angle【ǽŋgl】(Ex:Whether it's a still shot or a movie, camera *angles *influence the look, feel and mood of that story.)(792)
(A)a *position from which you look at something
(B)one half of the *globe or *brain
(C)*actions or opinions that show your strong *disagreement with a plan or *policy
(D)a *religious service or other *ceremony that is always *performed in the same way
(198)
①opposition:反対(Ex:米国のベトナム戦争への関与に対する反対は、1964年のデモで始まった。)
②hemisphere:半球(Ex:北半球の穏やかな気候の人々は時には非常に暑くて高湿の天候の時期を経験することがある。)(2003センター)
③ritual:儀式(Ex:神道の祭は一般的に、厳粛な儀式と楽しい祝典を結びつける。)
④angle:角度(Ex:静止画であろうと映画であろうと、カメラの角度はそのストーリーの外見、感覚、雰囲気に影響する。)
(A)何かを見る位置
(B)地球あるいは脳の半分
(C)計画または方針に対する強い不同意を示す行動または意見
(D)常に同じ方法で行われる宗教的勤めやその他の儀式
①(C)②(B)③(D)④(A) 左頁
単語にあった定義を選んでください。
(199)
①hypothesis【haipɑ'θəsis】(Ex:*Conducting an *experiment without a *hypothesis is like starting a road trip just for the sake of driving.)(793)
②applause【əplɔ'ːz】(Ex:It was such an *excellent movie that the director received thunderous *applause from the *audience.)(794)
③prospect【prɑ'spekt】(Ex:No matter how *security *conscious you are, the *prospect of *thieves breaking into your home is always a *worrying *possibility.(795)
④irony【áiərəni】(Ex:White House Press Secretary *described the *phenomenon of people buying guns after shooting *attacks as a“*tragic *irony.”)(796)
(A)the *possibility that something will happen
(B)an idea which *attempts to *explain something but has yet to be *proved to be *correct
(C)a *situation that is strange, funny, or sad because things happen in the *opposite way to what you would *expect
(D)the sound made by many people hitting their hands to show their *approval or enjoyment
(200)
①competent【kɑ'mpətənt】(Ex:*Candidates whose faces look *competent enjoy an *electoral *advantage. )(797)
②stubborn【stʌ'bərn】(Ex:When your elderly parents need help but become *stubborn, it can be a difficult situation.)(798)
③tolerable【tɑ'lərəbl】(Ex:The room is *spacious and *comfortable, though the air-conditioning is a bit *noisy but is *tolerable.)(799)
④relevant【réləvənt】(Ex:Students must be able to *select *relevant information from a *lecture or text.)(800)
(A)*unpleasant but able to be *accepted
(B)important or *necessary to a *particular situation or person
(C)not willing to change your ideas
(D)*capable of doing something in an *efficient or *effective way
(200)
①competent:有能な(Ex:有能そうに見える顔の候補者は選挙での優位を享受する。)
②stubborn:頑固な(Ex:高齢の両親が助けを必要とするが頑固であると、それは難しい状況になり得る。)
③tolerable:耐えられる(Ex:部屋は広く快適で、エアコンがややうるさかったが耐えられた。)
④relevant:関連のある(Ex:生徒は講義や教科書から関連ある情報を選択できなければならない。)
(A)不快だが受け入れられる
(B)特定の状況や人に重要あるいは必要な
(C)自分の考えを変えようとしない
(D)効率的または効果的な方法で何かを行うことができる
①(D)②(C)③(A)④(B) 左頁
※英英定義を読んで例文を完成させてください。
(785)Freud ass------ that laughter releases tension and liberates mental frustration. 【to state that something is certainly true】
(786)Some have argued that lying can never be exc------ under any circumstances. 【to forgive someone for doing something wrong, especially something that is not very serious】
(787)The robber finally sur------ and released his hostage. 【to admit that you have been defeated and will stop fighting】
(788)The role of the interpreter is to fac------ accurate communication between people who use different languages. 【to make an action or a process easier or more likely to happen】
(789)Opp------ to United States involvement in the Vietnam War began with demonstrations in 1964. 【actions or opinions that show your strong disagreement with a plan or policy】
(790)People in mild climates in the northern hem------ sometimes experience periods of very hot and humid weather.【one half of the globe or brain】
(791)Shinto festivals generally combine solemn rit------ with joyful celebration. 【a religious service or other ceremony that is always performed in the same way】
(792)Whether it's a still shot or a movie, camera ang------ influence the look, feel and mood of that story. 【a position from which you look at something】
右頁
※英英定義を読んで例文を完成させてください。
(793)Conducting an experiment without a hyp------ is like starting a road trip just for the sake of driving. 【an idea which attempts to explain something but has yet to be proved to be correct】
(794)It was such an excellent movie that the director received thunderous app------ from the audience. 【the sound made by many people hitting their hands to show their approval or enjoyment】
(795)No matter how security conscious you are, the pro------ of thieves breaking into your home is always a worrying possibility. 【the possibility that something will happen】
(796)White House Press Secretary described the phenomenon of people buying guns after shooting attacks as a“tragic iro------ .” 【a situation that is strange, funny, or sad because things happen in the opposite way to what you would expect】
(797)Candidates whose faces look com------ enjoy an electoral advantage. 【capable of doing something in an efficient or effective way】
(798)When your elderly parents need help but become stu------ , it can be a difficult situation. 【not willing to change your ideas】
(799)The room is spacious and comfortable, though the air-conditioning is a bit noisy but is tol------ . 【unpleasant but able to be accepted】
(800)Students must be able to select rel------ information from a lecture or text. 【important or necessary to a particular situation or person】
1996-(5)改題
□In second-hand shops there are many works of art which are forgotten and gathering dust. Yet each one of them may have an interesting tale to tell if only we could ①dis---- 【to find out something that you didn't know before】it.
□Under one of Tokyo's thundering expressways in an ②exp---- 【costing a lot of money】night-life district, there used to be and may still be a little antique shop. The elderly owner kept a collection of various old wood-block prints and paintings and seemed content with his simple shop, although I never ③(anything / buy / anyone / saw) there.
□The first time I went in, an oil painting in the farthest corner of the shop caught my eye. For six months I watched ④(see / it / to / if) was still there. Eventually I asked the owner the price. He said ¥180,000. Bargaining is not usual in Japan, but in a shop with so few customers it seemed worth a try. So I offered ¥110,000. In the end, we agreed on ¥130,000.
□The picture was of an apple orchard with a small girl at the front. Painted with a free, confident hand, it had a fresh feeling of warmth and light. It was in the Impressionist style, signed with the name Bordes, which looked French. The name-plate on the frame ⑤(had / that / suggested / it) once hung in a gallery or a grand collection. I ⑥(whether / wondered / had / I) perhaps acquired a treasure.
□The picture, which became a ⑦fam---- 【well known to you】 object to me, moved with me from Tokyo to Hong Kong and then to England. It became an important part of my baggage during those years, and I very much wanted ⑧(its / to / identity / trace). The dictionary of painters ⑨inc---- 【to have someone or something as a part】 Léonard Bordes, a twentieth-century French ⑩lan---- 【all the visible features when you look across a large area of land】 painter of the group known as the Rouen School. So I wrote to the museum at Rouen and received a letter from the head of the museum. I learned that Léonard Bordes was born in 1898. Although a professional musician, his ⑪(activity / painting / principal / was). In particular, he preferred rather melancholy scenes of the countryside around Rouen. By the time he died in 1969, he had painted more than 10,000 scenes.
□At last I went to Rouen and visited the museum. There were no pictures by Bordes there, ⑫(given / I / but / was) a list of art shops in the city, some of which had paintings by Bordes for sale. Despite the price, I bought one. Afterwards, I walked back to my hotel and by chance came upon yet another art shop not on the list. I went in and was greeted by an elderly woman, ⑬(to / turned / who / out) have been a close friend of Bordes' family. Her shop had ⑭sup---- 【to provide someone with something that they need or want】 Bordes with his paint and brushes, and she was ⑮del---- 【to give someone a lot of pleasure】 that someone had traced him all the way from Japan.
□I promised to send the old lady a photograph of the original painting. After a time it was returned to me, signed on the back by Bordes' two daughters. The elder of the two, Giselle, ⑯(the girl / herself / identified / as) under the apple trees, aged eight, in the summer of 1930. They had no idea where the picture had been during the 61 years since then.
□So there it was. I had rescued the picture from the second-hand shop in Tokyo and had uncovered its history. It was simply a cheerful picture of a family picnic by a man who painted every day, but whose paintings were usually somewhat sad. The picture's story was not especially significant, but I ⑰(pleasure / had / telling / in) other people about it and how I discovered it.
解答)①discover②expensive③(saw anyone buy anything) ④(to see if it) ⑤(suggested that it had) ⑥(wondered whether I had) ⑦familiar ⑧(to trace its identity). The dictionary of painters ⑨included ⑩landscape ⑪(principal activity was painting) ⑫(but I was given)⑬(who turned out to) ⑭supplied ⑮delighted ⑯(identified herself as the girl)⑰(had pleasure in telling)
1996-(5)改題
□Several years ago, certain scientists developed a way of ①inv---- 【to try to discover all the facts about something such as a crime, accident, or scientific problem】 the nature of the atmosphere of the past by studying air caught in the ice around the North or South Pole. According to their theory, when snow falls, air is trapped between the snowflakes. The snow ②(with / turns / ice / to) the air still inside. Over the years more snow falls on top, making new layers of ice. But the trapped air, these scientists believed, remains ③(as / exactly / was / it) when the snow originally fell.
□To find what air was like three hundred years ago, you use a drill in the shape of a hollow tube to cut deep into the layers of ice. When you pull up the drill, an ice core made of many layers come up inside it. Then, back at the laboratory, you count the layers in the core —each layer represents one year — to ④(formed / ice / from / find) the snow that fell during the year to be studied. Using this ⑤met---- 【a particular way of doing something】, these scientists suggested that the amount of carbon dioxide (CO２), one of the ⑥(may / gases / cause / which) global warming, had increased greatly over the last two hundred years.
□A Norwegian scientist, however, pointed out that there might be a ⑦(method / with / problem / this). He ⑧cla---- 【to state something is true without definite proof】 that air caught in ice does not stay the same. In particular, he said, the quantity of CO２ does not remain ⑨sta---- 【not likely to change】, since some of it is ⑩abs---- 【to take in a liquid, gas, or other substance】 by ice crystals, some enters water, and some locks itself up in other chemicals. If this were true, then there could have been more CO２ in the past than we thought. Even so, measurements taken over the past thirty years show that CO２ has ⑪(over / increased / ten percent / by) during this short period.
解答) ①investigating②(turns to ice with)③(exactly as it was)④(find ice formed from)⑤method⑥(gases which may cause)⑦(problem with this method)⑧claimed⑨stable⑩absorbed⑪(increased by over ten percent)
1996-(5)
□Several years ago, certain scientists developed a way of investigating the nature of the atmosphere of the past by studying air caught in the ice around the North or South Pole. According to their theory, when snow falls, air is trapped between the snowflakes. The snow turns to ice with the air still inside. Over the years more snow falls on top, making new layers of ice. But the trapped air, these scientists believed, remains exactly as it was when the snow originally fell.
□To find what air was like three hundred years ago, you use a drill in the shape of a hollow tube to cut deep into the layers of ice. When you pull up the drill, an ice core made of many layers come up inside it. Then, back at the laboratory, you count the layers in the core —each layer represents one year — to find ice formed from the snow that fell during the year to be studied. Using this method, these scientists suggested that the amount of carbon dioxide (CO２), one of the gases which may cause global warming, had increased greatly over the last two hundred years.
□A Norwegian scientist, however, pointed out that there might be a problem with this method. He claimed that air caught in ice does not stay the same. In particular, he said, the quantity of CO２ does not remain stable, since some of it is absorbed by ice crystals, some enters water, and some locks itself up in other chemicals. If this were true, then there could have been more CO２ in the past than we thought. Even so, measurements taken over the past thirty years show that CO２ has increased by over ten percent during this short period.
①obey【oubéi】(Ex:Should soldiers always *obey orders?)
②pray【préi】(Ex:We *prayed for peace.)
③melt【mélt】(Ex:What is the best way to *melt snow?)
④select【silékt】(Ex:He was *selected for the Japan National Team.)
(A)to cause something to change from solid to liquid
(B)to do what you are told to do
(C)to speak to a higher being in order to give thanks or to ask for help
(D)to choose someone or something carefully from among others
(785)to ( ) that something is ( ) true＝( )
Freud ( ) that laughter releases ( )
and ( ) mental frustration.
(786)to ( ) someone ( ) doing something ( ),
especially something that is not very ( )＝( )
Some have ( ) that lying can never be ( ) under any circumstances.
(787)to ( ) that you have been ( )
and will ( ) fighting＝( )
The robber finally ( ) and ( ) his hostage.
(788)to ( ) an action or a process ( ) or more ( )
to happen＝( )
The role of the interpreter is to ( )
( ) communication between people who use different languages.
(789)actions or opinions that ( ) your strong ( )
with a plan or ( )＝( )
( ) to United States ( ) in the Vietnam War began with demonstrations in 1964.
(790)one half of the ( ) or ( )＝( )
People in mild climates in the northern ( ) sometimes experience periods of very hot and ( ) weather.
(791)a ( ) service or other ( ) that is always performed in the same way＝( )
Shinto festivals generally ( )( )( )
with joyful celebration.
(792)a ( )( )( ) you look at something＝( )
Whether it's a still shot or a movie, camera ( )( )
the look, feel and mood of that story.
(793)an idea which ( ) to ( ) something
but has yet to be ( ) to be ( )＝( )
Conducting an experiment without a ( ) is like starting a road trip just ( ) the ( ) of driving.
(794)the ( ) made by many people ( ) their hands to ( ) their ( ) or enjoyment＝( )
It was such an ( ) movie
that the director received thunderous ( ) from the audience.
(795)the ( ) that something will happen＝( )
No matter how security ( ) you are, the ( ) of
thieves ( )( ) your home is always a worrying possibility.
(796)a situation that is strange, funny, or sad because things ( )
in the ( )( ) to what you would expect＝( )
The White House Press Secretary described the ( ) of people buying guns after shooting attacks as a“( )( ).”
(797) ( ) of doing something
in an ( ) or ( ) way＝( )
Candidates whose faces look ( ) enjoy an electoral advantage.
(798)not ( ) to ( ) your ideas＝( )
When your elderly parents need help but become ( ), it can be a difficult situation.
(799) ( ) but able to be ( )＝( )
The room is spacious and comfortable, ( ) the air-conditioning is a bit noisy
but is ( ).
(800) ( ) or ( ) to a particular situation
or person＝( )
Students must be able to select ( ) information from a lecture or text.
左頁
単語にあった定義を選んでください。
(197)
①assert【əsə'ːrt】(Ex:Freud *asserted that laughter *releases *tension and *liberates *mental *frustration.)(785)
②excuse【ekskjúːz】(Ex:Some have *argued that *lying can never be *excused under any *circumstances.)(786)
③surrender【səréndər】(Ex:The *robber *finally *surrendered and *released his *hostage.)(787)
④facilitate【fəsílətèit】(Ex:The *role of the *interpreter is to *facilitate *accurate *communication between people who use different *languages.)(788)
(A)to *admit that you have been *defeated and will stop fighting
(B)to *forgive someone for doing something wrong, especially something that is not very *serious
(C)to make an *action or a *process easier or more likely to happen
(D)to *state that something is *certainly true
(198)
①opposition【ɑ`pəzíʃən】(Ex:*Opposition to United States *involvement in the Vietnam War began with *demonstrations in 1964.)(789)
②hemisphere【hémisfìər】(Ex:People in mild *climates in the northern *hemisphere sometimes experience *periods of very hot and *humid *weather.)(790)
③ritual【rítʃuəl】(Ex:Shinto festivals *generally *combine *solemn *rituals with joyful *celebration.)(791)
④angle【ǽŋgl】(Ex:Whether it's a still shot or a movie, camera *angles *influence the look, feel and mood of that story.)(792)
(A)a *position from which you look at something
(B)one half of the *globe or *brain
(C)*actions or opinions that show your strong *disagreement with a plan or *policy
(D)a *religious service or other *ceremony that is always *performed in the same way
(198)
①opposition:反対(Ex:米国のベトナム戦争への関与に対する反対は、1964年のデモで始まった。)
②hemisphere:半球(Ex:北半球の穏やかな気候の人々は時には非常に暑くて高湿の天候の時期を経験することがある。)(2003センター)
③ritual:儀式(Ex:神道の祭は一般的に、厳粛な儀式と楽しい祝典を結びつける。)
④angle:角度(Ex:静止画であろうと映画であろうと、カメラの角度はそのストーリーの外見、感覚、雰囲気に影響する。)
(A)何かを見る位置
(B)地球あるいは脳の半分
(C)計画または方針に対する強い不同意を示す行動または意見
(D)常に同じ方法で行われる宗教的勤めやその他の儀式
①(C)②(B)③(D)④(A) 左頁
単語にあった定義を選んでください。
(199)
①hypothesis【haipɑ'θəsis】(Ex:*Conducting an *experiment without a *hypothesis is like starting a road trip just for the sake of driving.)(793)
②applause【əplɔ'ːz】(Ex:It was such an *excellent movie that the director received thunderous *applause from the *audience.)(794)
③prospect【prɑ'spekt】(Ex:No matter how *security *conscious you are, the *prospect of *thieves breaking into your home is always a *worrying *possibility.(795)
④irony【áiərəni】(Ex:White House Press Secretary *described the *phenomenon of people buying guns after shooting *attacks as a“*tragic *irony.”)(796)
(A)the *possibility that something will happen
(B)an idea which *attempts to *explain something but has yet to be *proved to be *correct
(C)a *situation that is strange, funny, or sad because things happen in the *opposite way to what you would *expect
(D)the sound made by many people hitting their hands to show their *approval or enjoyment
(200)
①competent【kɑ'mpətənt】(Ex:*Candidates whose faces look *competent enjoy an *electoral *advantage. )(797)
②stubborn【stʌ'bərn】(Ex:When your elderly parents need help but become *stubborn, it can be a difficult situation.)(798)
③tolerable【tɑ'lərəbl】(Ex:The room is *spacious and *comfortable, though the air-conditioning is a bit *noisy but is *tolerable.)(799)
④relevant【réləvənt】(Ex:Students must be able to *select *relevant information from a *lecture or text.)(800)
(A)*unpleasant but able to be *accepted
(B)important or *necessary to a *particular situation or person
(C)not willing to change your ideas
(D)*capable of doing something in an *efficient or *effective way
(200)
①competent:有能な(Ex:有能そうに見える顔の候補者は選挙での優位を享受する。)
②stubborn:頑固な(Ex:高齢の両親が助けを必要とするが頑固であると、それは難しい状況になり得る。)
③tolerable:耐えられる(Ex:部屋は広く快適で、エアコンがややうるさかったが耐えられた。)
④relevant:関連のある(Ex:生徒は講義や教科書から関連ある情報を選択できなければならない。)
(A)不快だが受け入れられる
(B)特定の状況や人に重要あるいは必要な
(C)自分の考えを変えようとしない
(D)効率的または効果的な方法で何かを行うことができる
①(D)②(C)③(A)④(B) 左頁
※英英定義を読んで例文を完成させてください。
(785)Freud ass------ that laughter releases tension and liberates mental frustration. 【to state that something is certainly true】
(786)Some have argued that lying can never be exc------ under any circumstances. 【to forgive someone for doing something wrong, especially something that is not very serious】
(787)The robber finally sur------ and released his hostage. 【to admit that you have been defeated and will stop fighting】
(788)The role of the interpreter is to fac------ accurate communication between people who use different languages. 【to make an action or a process easier or more likely to happen】
(789)Opp------ to United States involvement in the Vietnam War began with demonstrations in 1964. 【actions or opinions that show your strong disagreement with a plan or policy】
(790)People in mild climates in the northern hem------ sometimes experience periods of very hot and humid weather.【one half of the globe or brain】
(791)Shinto festivals generally combine solemn rit------ with joyful celebration. 【a religious service or other ceremony that is always performed in the same way】
(792)Whether it's a still shot or a movie, camera ang------ influence the look, feel and mood of that story. 【a position from which you look at something】
右頁
※英英定義を読んで例文を完成させてください。
(793)Conducting an experiment without a hyp------ is like starting a road trip just for the sake of driving. 【an idea which attempts to explain something but has yet to be proved to be correct】
(794)It was such an excellent movie that the director received thunderous app------ from the audience. 【the sound made by many people hitting their hands to show their approval or enjoyment】
(795)No matter how security conscious you are, the pro------ of thieves breaking into your home is always a worrying possibility. 【the possibility that something will happen】
(796)White House Press Secretary described the phenomenon of people buying guns after shooting attacks as a“tragic iro------ .” 【a situation that is strange, funny, or sad because things happen in the opposite way to what you would expect】
(797)Candidates whose faces look com------ enjoy an electoral advantage. 【capable of doing something in an efficient or effective way】
(798)When your elderly parents need help but become stu------ , it can be a difficult situation. 【not willing to change your ideas】
(799)The room is spacious and comfortable, though the air-conditioning is a bit noisy but is tol------ . 【unpleasant but able to be accepted】
(800)Students must be able to select rel------ information from a lecture or text. 【important or necessary to a particular situation or person】
1995-追試(5)改題
□When people ①tra---- 【to go from one place to another】 abroad they are immediately struck by the many different ways in which buildings, homes and cities are designed. A group of Americans staying in a South American country reacted emotionally to the unfamiliar architectural surroundings ②(found / they / there / which). The Latin-American house is often built around a small open area, a patio, which is next to the sidewalk but hidden from outsiders behind a wall. Such ③(small / in / relatively / differences) the buildings can affect foreigners to a surprising degree. These Americans ④com---- 【to say that something is not satisfactory】 that they felt cut off from local people and their lives and ⑤(was / wondering / kept / what) going on “behind those walls.”
□The division of space inside homes may also ⑥(from / vary / culture / one) to another. Most American homes ⑦con---- 【to have something inside】 rooms such as bedrooms, a living room and a dining room whose layout reveals the separation and naming of space according to function. This system is ⑧(to / contrast / sharp / in) other cultures where one room in a house may be used for several purposes. In Japan, homes have removable sliding doors so that two small rooms can be ⑨con---- 【to change one thing into a different form】 into one large room, and a living room can also serve as a bedroom.
□When a home or a city's design is influenced by another culture, not only the native ⑩arc---- 【the study and practice of designing buildings】 but together with it the social pattern can be lost or affected. A French architect, for example, planned a new city in India with centralized shopping area which ⑪req---- 【to need something】 movement by public transportation away from the traditional village centers. The result was ⑫(stopped / the Indians / meeting / that) each other socially in their own local communities. It has been said that “we shape our buildings and they shape us.” The Indian example seems to demonstrate this.
解答)①travel②(which they found there)③(relatively small differences in)④complained⑤(kept wondering what was) ⑥(vary from one culture)⑦contain⑧(in sharp contrast to) ⑨converted⑩architecture⑪required⑫(that the Indians stopped meeting)
□When people travel abroad they are immediately struck by the many different ways in which buildings, homes and cities are designed. A group of Americans staying in a South American country reacted emotionally to the unfamiliar architectural surroundings which they found there. The Latin-American house is often built around a small open area, a patio, which is next to the sidewalk but hidden from outsiders behind a wall. Such relatively small differences in the buildings can affect foreigners to a surprising degree. These Americans complained that they felt cut off from local people and their lives and kept wondering what was going on “behind those walls.”
□The division of space inside homes may also vary from one culture to another. Most American homes contain rooms such as bedrooms, a living room and a dining room whose layout reveals the separation and naming of space according to function. This system is in sharp contrast to other cultures where one room in a house may be used for several purposes. In Japan, homes have removable sliding doors so that two small rooms can be converted into one large room, and a living room can also serve as a bedroom.
□When a home or a city's design is influenced by another culture, not only the native architecture but together with it the social pattern can be lost or affected. A French architect, for example, planned a new city in India with centralized shopping area which required movement by public transportation away from the traditional village centers. The result was that the Indians stopped meeting each other socially in their own local communities. It has been said that “we shape our buildings and they shape us.” The Indian example seems to demonstrate this.
1995-(5)改題
□We ①sur---- 【to continue to live in spite of difficult circumstances】 by controlling our environment, and control is made possible by information. If we lack this, we feel insecure and ②(that / come / feel / to) any knowledge is better than none. In an experiment, white rats repeatedly had to choose path A or path B. They always had a 50% chance of finding food in a box at the end of each path. But on path B, just before the box, there was a signal ③(whether / not / indicating / or) food was present. After some days of training, all the rats developed a preference for path B, the side where they ④obt---- 【to get something】 information.
□Humans show the same sort of preference for knowledge about an ⑤out---- 【the final result of an action or event】 which is uncertain but unavoidable. Our ⑥anx---- 【the feeling of being very worried that something is going to happen】 about the future can be so great that bad news is preferable to an absence of information. Regardless of the nature of the news, and in spite of the fact that we get no ⑦adv---- 【something that helps you to be more successful】 from it, we would prefer to know and thus reduce our insecurity. There can hardly be a more inaccurate saying than “No news is good news.”
□And yet people do not always demand a state of complete certainty. Indeed much ⑧(human beings / our success / of / as) is based on our ability to cope with environmental changes and our tendency to seek out new and challenging experiences. The popularity of pastimes such as mountaineering and motor racing is ⑨evi---- 【the facts or objects which cause you to believe that something exists or is true】 of man's need for some uncertainty and risk. Nevertheless, when these reach too high a level, we once more desire to have information about the future and a ⑩(control / of / over / feeling) it.
解答)①survive②(come to feel that)③(indicating whether or not)④obtained⑤outcome⑥anxiety⑦advantage⑧(of our success as human beings)⑨evidence⑩(feeling of control over)
1995-(5)
□We survive by controlling our environment, and control is made possible by information. If we lack this, we feel insecure and come to feel that any knowledge is better than none. In an experiment, white rats repeatedly had to choose path A or path B. They always had a 50% chance of finding food in a box at the end of each path. But on path B, just before the box, there was a signal indicating whether or not food was present. After some days of training, all the rats developed a preference for path B, the side where they obtained information.
□Humans show the same sort of preference for knowledge about an outcome which is uncertain but unavoidable. Our anxiety about the future can be so great that bad news is preferable to an absence of information. Regardless of the nature of the news, and in spite of the fact that we get no advantage from it, we would prefer to know and thus reduce our insecurity. There can hardly be a more inaccurate saying than “No news is good news.”
□And yet people do not always demand a state of complete certainty. Indeed much of our success as human beings is based on our ability to cope with environmental changes and our tendency to seek out new and challenging experiences. The popularity of pastimes such as mountaineering and motor racing is evidence of man's need for some uncertainty and risk. Nevertheless, when these reach too high a level, we once more desire to have information about the future and a feeling of control over it.
①obey【oubéi】(Ex:Should soldiers always *obey orders?)
②pray【préi】(Ex:We *prayed for peace.)
③melt【mélt】(Ex:What is the best way to *melt snow?)
④select【silékt】(Ex:He was *selected for the Japan National Team.)
(A)to cause something to change from solid to liquid
(B)to do what you are told to do
(C)to speak to a higher being in order to give thanks or to ask for help
(D)to choose someone or something carefully from among others
(753)the ( ) that is ( ) to someone or something
by newspapers, magazines, television, etc. ＝( )
She received a lot of ( ) after her ( ) in the film.
(754)a ( ) of natural ( )
that is ( ) to look at＝( )
Using the beautiful ( ) of our town in more ( ) ways would encourage people to come and live here.
(755)the people or animals ( )( )( ) a particular place＝( )
Antarctica is the only continent on Earth without ( ) human ( ).
(756)a ( ) of something that is a ( ) of the ( )
＝( )
The ( ) of Americans who do not tip in restaurants
is ( ) to be less than 2 percent.
(757)able to ( ) good judgements ( )( )( )
rather than ( )＝( )
It would have been more ( ) to save) money than to spend it all on clothes.
(758)very good, beautiful, or ( )＝( )
The mountains of North Carolina ( )( ) views.
(759)able to be ( ) or ( )＝( )
( ) websites are the ones that are updated regularly and do not have any ( ) information.
(760)important and very ( )＝( )
Two ( ) sources of noise ( ) are construction and transportation.
(761)to ( ) loudly with a lot of ( ),
often ( ) damage or injury＝( )
A bomb has ( ) outside the Greek parliament in Athens.
(762)to ( )( ) the most important facts or
( ) of something＝( )
Is ( ) books a copyright ( )?
(763)to ( )( )( ) something＝( )
Emotional and physical hunger are both ( ) of emptiness which you try to ( ) with food.
(764)to ( ) someone to lose ( ) to do something
＝( )
Further ( ) in the price of gasoline would ( )
him from driving his car.
(765)to ( ) something＝( )
The need to ( ) and ( ) employee productivity is a reality no business can ( ).
(766)to be the most ( ) or ( ) part of something
＝( )
Occupations in which women workers ( )
tend to ( ) lower in ( ) of earnings.
(767)to ( ) an ( )( ) someone or something after thinking about them carefully＝( )
It is necessary that teachers ( ) a student's ability from ( ) aspects.
(768)to ( ) the examinations that are ( ) to do a particular profession＝( )
I am studying hard to ( ) as a ( ) public accountant.
(769)a ( ) of people of the same ( ), and with the same language, customs, and ( ), especially in a ( ) country＝( )
How does deforestation affect ( )( ) in the Amazon rainforest?
(770)the ( ) that ( ) someone or something different from others
＝( )
It has long been thought that one of the ( )
which ( ) humans from other animals is the ability to ( ).
(771)the most important thing that you have to ( )( )
＝( )
People with serious illness have other ( )
( ) simply ( ) their lives.
(772)an angry ( ) or ( ) between two or more people
＝( )
( ) after a ( ) is not always easy.
(773)money ( ) from someone who is ( )
for doing something ( )＝( )
If the train you are travelling on is delayed, you are ( ) to ( ).
(774)the ( ) of ( ) from one ( ) to another
＝( )
The ( ) to an industrial society started in the 18th century,
largely ( ) by ( ) in science and technology.
(775)a ( ) good way of ( )＝( )
God will certainly reward ( ) and punish ( ).
(776)a ( ) of being very ( )＝( )
Muscle ( ) is a normal ( )( ) of exercise.
(777) ( ) or ( ) in large quantities＝( )
Japan used to be famous for its ( ) supplies of clean, fresh water.
(778) ( ) or unreasonable＝( )
He says he was taken by aliens, but no one believes such a ( ) story.
(779)able to ( )( ) new and ( ) ideas＝( )
Our coach is ( ) and often ( )( )( ) new plans.
(780)behaving in a ( ) and ( ) way＝( )
I believe we're ( ) enough to use a computer appropriately.
(781)to ( ) that something will ( )＝( )
( ) the demand for the products and services that your business offers ( ) many factors.
(782)to officially ( ) your marriage ( ) your ( )＝( )
What ( ) the couples who choose to ( ) married
from those who choose to ( )?
(783)to ( ) something ( ) in order to ( ) it
＝( )
Genetically ( ) food is food produced from plants or animalswhose DNA has been ( ) through genetic engineering.
(784)to ( ) something＝( )
I could not ( ) meeting him ( )( ).
(785)to ( ) that something is ( ) true＝( )
Freud ( ) that laughter releases ( )
and ( ) mental frustration.
(786)to ( ) someone ( ) doing something ( ),
especially something that is not very ( )＝( )
Some have ( ) that lying can never be ( ) under any circumstances.
(787)to ( ) that you have been ( )
and will ( ) fighting＝( )
The robber finally ( ) and ( ) his hostage.
(788)to ( ) an action or a process ( ) or more ( )
to happen＝( )
The role of the interpreter is to ( )
( ) communication between people who use different languages.
(789)actions or opinions that ( ) your strong ( )
with a plan or ( )＝( )
( ) to United States ( ) in the Vietnam War began with demonstrations in 1964.
(790)one half of the ( ) or ( )＝( )
People in mild climates in the northern ( ) sometimes experience periods of very hot and ( ) weather.
(791)a ( ) service or other ( ) that is always performed in the same way＝( )
Shinto festivals generally ( )( )( )
with joyful celebration.
(792)a ( )( )( ) you look at something＝( )
Whether it's a still shot or a movie, camera ( )( )
the look, feel and mood of that story.
(793)an idea which ( ) to ( ) something
but has yet to be ( ) to be ( )＝( )
Conducting an experiment without a ( ) is like starting a road trip just ( ) the ( ) of driving.
(794)the ( ) made by many people ( ) their hands to ( ) their ( ) or enjoyment＝( )
It was such an ( ) movie
that the director received thunderous ( ) from the audience.
(795)the ( ) that something will happen＝( )
No matter how security ( ) you are, the ( ) of
thieves ( )( ) your home is always a worrying possibility.
(796)a situation that is strange, funny, or sad because things ( )
in the ( )( ) to what you would expect＝( )
The White House Press Secretary described the ( ) of people buying guns after shooting attacks as a“( )( ).”
(797) ( ) of doing something
in an ( ) or ( ) way＝( )
Candidates whose faces look ( ) enjoy an electoral advantage.
(798)not ( ) to ( ) your ideas＝( )
When your elderly parents need help but become ( ), it can be a difficult situation.
(799) ( ) but able to be ( )＝( )
The room is spacious and comfortable, ( ) the air-conditioning is a bit noisy
but is ( ).
(800) ( ) or ( ) to a particular situation
or person＝( )
Students must be able to select ( ) information from a lecture or text.
左頁
単語にあった定義を選んでください。
(197)
①assert【əsə'ːrt】(Ex:Freud *asserted that laughter *releases *tension and *liberates *mental *frustration.)(785)
②excuse【ekskjúːz】(Ex:Some have *argued that *lying can never be *excused under any *circumstances.)(786)
③surrender【səréndər】(Ex:The *robber *finally *surrendered and *released his *hostage.)(787)
④facilitate【fəsílətèit】(Ex:The *role of the *interpreter is to *facilitate *accurate *communication between people who use different *languages.)(788)
(A)to *admit that you have been *defeated and will stop fighting
(B)to *forgive someone for doing something wrong, especially something that is not very *serious
(C)to make an *action or a *process easier or more likely to happen
(D)to *state that something is *certainly true
(198)
①opposition【ɑ`pəzíʃən】(Ex:*Opposition to United States *involvement in the Vietnam War began with *demonstrations in 1964.)(789)
②hemisphere【hémisfìər】(Ex:People in mild *climates in the northern *hemisphere sometimes experience *periods of very hot and *humid *weather.)(790)
③ritual【rítʃuəl】(Ex:Shinto festivals *generally *combine *solemn *rituals with joyful *celebration.)(791)
④angle【ǽŋgl】(Ex:Whether it's a still shot or a movie, camera *angles *influence the look, feel and mood of that story.)(792)
(A)a *position from which you look at something
(B)one half of the *globe or *brain
(C)*actions or opinions that show your strong *disagreement with a plan or *policy
(D)a *religious service or other *ceremony that is always *performed in the same way
(198)
①opposition:反対(Ex:米国のベトナム戦争への関与に対する反対は、1964年のデモで始まった。)
②hemisphere:半球(Ex:北半球の穏やかな気候の人々は時には非常に暑くて高湿の天候の時期を経験することがある。)(2003センター)
③ritual:儀式(Ex:神道の祭は一般的に、厳粛な儀式と楽しい祝典を結びつける。)
④angle:角度(Ex:静止画であろうと映画であろうと、カメラの角度はそのストーリーの外見、感覚、雰囲気に影響する。)
(A)何かを見る位置
(B)地球あるいは脳の半分
(C)計画または方針に対する強い不同意を示す行動または意見
(D)常に同じ方法で行われる宗教的勤めやその他の儀式
①(C)②(B)③(D)④(A) 左頁
単語にあった定義を選んでください。
(199)
①hypothesis【haipɑ'θəsis】(Ex:*Conducting an *experiment without a *hypothesis is like starting a road trip just for the sake of driving.)(793)
②applause【əplɔ'ːz】(Ex:It was such an *excellent movie that the director received thunderous *applause from the *audience.)(794)
③prospect【prɑ'spekt】(Ex:No matter how *security *conscious you are, the *prospect of *thieves breaking into your home is always a *worrying *possibility.(795)
④irony【áiərəni】(Ex:White House Press Secretary *described the *phenomenon of people buying guns after shooting *attacks as a“*tragic *irony.”)(796)
(A)the *possibility that something will happen
(B)an idea which *attempts to *explain something but has yet to be *proved to be *correct
(C)a *situation that is strange, funny, or sad because things happen in the *opposite way to what you would *expect
(D)the sound made by many people hitting their hands to show their *approval or enjoyment
(200)
①competent【kɑ'mpətənt】(Ex:*Candidates whose faces look *competent enjoy an *electoral *advantage. )(797)
②stubborn【stʌ'bərn】(Ex:When your elderly parents need help but become *stubborn, it can be a difficult situation.)(798)
③tolerable【tɑ'lərəbl】(Ex:The room is *spacious and *comfortable, though the air-conditioning is a bit *noisy but is *tolerable.)(799)
④relevant【réləvənt】(Ex:Students must be able to *select *relevant information from a *lecture or text.)(800)
(A)*unpleasant but able to be *accepted
(B)important or *necessary to a *particular situation or person
(C)not willing to change your ideas
(D)*capable of doing something in an *efficient or *effective way
(200)
①competent:有能な(Ex:有能そうに見える顔の候補者は選挙での優位を享受する。)
②stubborn:頑固な(Ex:高齢の両親が助けを必要とするが頑固であると、それは難しい状況になり得る。)
③tolerable:耐えられる(Ex:部屋は広く快適で、エアコンがややうるさかったが耐えられた。)
④relevant:関連のある(Ex:生徒は講義や教科書から関連ある情報を選択できなければならない。)
(A)不快だが受け入れられる
(B)特定の状況や人に重要あるいは必要な
(C)自分の考えを変えようとしない
(D)効率的または効果的な方法で何かを行うことができる
①(D)②(C)③(A)④(B) 左頁
※英英定義を読んで例文を完成させてください。
(785)Freud ass------ that laughter releases tension and liberates mental frustration. 【to state that something is certainly true】
(786)Some have argued that lying can never be exc------ under any circumstances. 【to forgive someone for doing something wrong, especially something that is not very serious】
(787)The robber finally sur------ and released his hostage. 【to admit that you have been defeated and will stop fighting】
(788)The role of the interpreter is to fac------ accurate communication between people who use different languages. 【to make an action or a process easier or more likely to happen】
(789)Opp------ to United States involvement in the Vietnam War began with demonstrations in 1964. 【actions or opinions that show your strong disagreement with a plan or policy】
(790)People in mild climates in the northern hem------ sometimes experience periods of very hot and humid weather.【one half of the globe or brain】
(791)Shinto festivals generally combine solemn rit------ with joyful celebration. 【a religious service or other ceremony that is always performed in the same way】
(792)Whether it's a still shot or a movie, camera ang------ influence the look, feel and mood of that story. 【a position from which you look at something】
右頁
※英英定義を読んで例文を完成させてください。
(793)Conducting an experiment without a hyp------ is like starting a road trip just for the sake of driving. 【an idea which attempts to explain something but has yet to be proved to be correct】
(794)It was such an excellent movie that the director received thunderous app------ from the audience. 【the sound made by many people hitting their hands to show their approval or enjoyment】
(795)No matter how security conscious you are, the pro------ of thieves breaking into your home is always a worrying possibility. 【the possibility that something will happen】
(796)White House Press Secretary described the phenomenon of people buying guns after shooting attacks as a“tragic iro------ .” 【a situation that is strange, funny, or sad because things happen in the opposite way to what you would expect】
(797)Candidates whose faces look com------ enjoy an electoral advantage. 【capable of doing something in an efficient or effective way】
(798)When your elderly parents need help but become stu------ , it can be a difficult situation. 【not willing to change your ideas】
(799)The room is spacious and comfortable, though the air-conditioning is a bit noisy but is tol------ . 【unpleasant but able to be accepted】
(800)Students must be able to select rel------ information from a lecture or text. 【important or necessary to a particular situation or person】
1994-追試(5)改題
□Why is it that many people who have suffered a major shock, such as divorce or the death of a family member, seem to be weaker against a variety of major and minor illnesses? One ①(among / common / psychologists / idea) has been that people could deal with suffering more effectively if they were able to understand and accept it. Indeed, many experts emphasize the value of ②exp---- 【to show what you are feeling or thinking using words or actions】 thoughts and feelings associated with upsetting events.
□Recently, a team of medical researchers ③inv---- 【to try to discover all the facts about something such as a crime, accident, or scientific problem】 the links between describing psychologically painful events and long-term health. In one experiment healthy college students were asked to write about either personally disturbing experiences or ordinary topics over a period of four days. In the months afterwards, students who had ④(to / their / chosen / reveal) inner thoughts and feelings in their writing visited the health center for illness much less often than those who had written about everyday topics.
□In an experiment that followed, another group of healthy students were given the four-day writing exercise. Some chose to write about highly personal and upsetting experiences (including loneliness, problems with family and friends, and death). When questioned immediately afterwards, they stated that they did ⑤(better / not / any / feel). However, their blood samples taken before and after the experiment showed evidence of an improved resistance to illness. The white cells that fight off bacteria and viruses had increased their ⑥rea---- 【the way you act or feel in response to something】 and sensitivity to the “invaders.” This ⑦tre---- 【a general tendency in which a situation is changing or developing】 continued over the following six weeks, when another blood sample was taken. Individuals who showed the best results were those who wrote about topics that they had actively ⑧ref---- 【to stop yourself from doing something that you want to do】 from telling others about.
□The researchers ⑨(failure / that / to / propose) face up to painful experience can be a form of stress itself, and can increase the possibility of illness. It follows, then, that actively dealing with a major shock makes possible its understanding and acceptance. The answer is ⑩(in silence / not / suffer / to). It may not always be possible to talk about personal problems, but writing them down will help the body to fight disease in the long run.
解答)①(common idea among psychologists) ②expressing③investigated④(chosen to reveal their)⑤(not feel any better)⑥reaction⑦trend⑧refrained⑨(propose that failure to)⑩(not to suffer in silence)
(51)
①search【sə'ːrtʃ】(Ex:*Spending less time outside the home *searching for food *reduces the risk of being killed by other animals.)(201)
②fear【fíər】(Ex:Many scientists *fear that there may be far fewer polar bears, thanks to the *effects of *climate change.)(202)
③express【iksprés】(Ex:*Expressing *gratitude can make all the *difference in your *relationship.)(203)
④inquire【inkwáiər】(Ex:The product you *inquired about is out of stock now.)(204)
(A)to show what you are feeling or thinking using words or *actions
(B)to ask for *information about something
(C)to try to find someone or something by looking carefully
(D)to feel *worried that something bad may happen
共通テスト英語はセンター試験英語と比較して大幅に量が増えたものの、読解力と聴解力があれば確実に点が取れる試験です。そのためには語彙と語順を身につけることが欠かせません。 センター試験の過去問から共通テスト英語攻略のための整序＆英英挟み撃ち問題をお届けします。整序問題は文意が通じるように並べて、英英挟み撃ち問題は青字の英英定義を参照して単語を文脈に合う形に完成させてください。青字の英英定義はすべて大学入学共通テスト 時間内で解ける力がつく英英直読英単語・熟語に収録されたものです。 英英辞典に普段から親しんで和訳せずに理解できる部分を増やしていくと、共通テスト英語で時間が足りないという悩みを大幅に解消できます。 1994-(6)改題
□Douglas Corrigan peered out of the window of his airplane. Below, a thick blanket of fog ①(the ground / view / hid / from). Earlier that morning on July 17, 1938, Corrigan had taken off from New York. He hoped to fly nonstop to the West Coast.
□Flight across the ②con---- 【a large mass of land surrounded by sea】 was still unusual, and in a plane like Corrigan's, it was a daring venture. Corrigan had bought the plane secondhand. It had been a four-seater built to fly short distances, but he had ③rep---- 【to be used instead of something】 three of the seats with extra fuel tanks and changed the original engine for one with more horsepower. Corrigan had worked diligently on every inch of the plane he called Sunshine.
□Ever since he had been a boy hanging around the Los Angeles airfields doing odd jobs, he had loved flying. Corrigan had no money and very little ④for---- 【made or done officially or publicly】 education. His father had ⑤aba---- 【to leave someone or something you are responsible for permanently or for a long time】 the family, and a few years later his mother died. By working hard and doing without many things, including breakfast and sometimes lunch, he ⑥(to / saved / take / enough money) flying lessons at the age of eighteen.
□Corrigan's dream ⑦(across / to / was / fly) the Atlantic, as his hero, Charles Lindbergh, had done. But when Corrigan applied for a license to fly to Europe, the inspectors took one look at the condition of the plane and refused to issue him one. However, Corrigan did ⑧(into / them / giving / talk) him a license to fly nonstop from Los Angeles to New York and, if things went well, to try the return trip from New York back to the West Coast.
□Things went well. In spite of rough weather, Corrigan made the trip east in twentyseven hours. He ⑨(confident / was / both / that) he and Sunshine could cross the continent a second time.
□Spectators gathered as Corrigan climbed into the plane. Few supplies were aboard. Except for a box of cookies and some candy bars, he wasn't taking much with him, not even a parachute. Sunshine was already carrying a heavy load of fuel, so he didn't want to ⑩(weight / any / add / more).
□As dawn was breaking, the overweight plane ⑪(rose with difficulty into) the sky. Within a few minutes, Corrigan and his plane were swallowed by the fog. He soon ⑫not---- 【to become aware of someone or something】 that one of his compasses didn't work. But he wasn't worried. A second compass on the floor of the plane was set for a westerly course. Corrigan swung the plane around to match the compass setting, and climbed above the fog. Ten hours later he was still flying above the fog.
□As darkness closed around the plane, Corrigan's feet ⑬(feel / began / wet / to) and chilled. He turned on his flashlight. The floor of the cabin was covered with gasoline that had leaked from the main tank. With a screwdriver, Corrigan poked a hole through the cabin floor so that the gasoline could safely drain into the open air. He wasn't too ⑭(of fuel / worried / the loss / about). After all, he thought, he could always land if he ran out of gasoline.
□Hour after hour, Corrigan flew on through the night, following his compass needle. His ⑮(ached / sitting / muscles / from) too long in one position. His gasoline-soaked feet were numb.
□When daylight came, Corrigan was surprised to see water below him. He checked his compass and ⑯rea---- 【to know or understand a particular fact or situation】 that in the poor light he had matched his course to the wrong end of the compass needle. Instead of flying west, toward California, he had flown east, out over the Atlantic Ocean.
□He had ⑰(how / idea / far / no) from land he was. He had no radio, no parachute, and he was running low on fuel. There was only one thing he could do: keep flying and hope he reached land before running out of gas.
□Twenty-eight hours after takeoff, he spotted land. At a large airfield, Corrigan brought Sunshine safely back to Earth. He was ⑱app---- 【to come near to someone or something】 by an army officer.
“Hi,” Corrigan said. “I got turned round in the fog. I ⑲gue---- 【to give an answer or an opinion about something without definite knowledge about it】 I flew the wrong way.” He soon found out he had landed near Dublin, Ireland. And ⑳(before / wasn't / it / long) the whole world knew about “Wrong Way” Corrigan, the man who flew backward into his dream.
解答) ①(hid the ground from view)②continent③replaced④formal⑤abandoned⑥(saved enough money to take)⑦(was to fly across)⑧(talk them into giving)⑨(was confident that both)⑩(add any more weight)⑪(rose with difficulty into)⑫noticed⑬(began to feel wet)⑭(worried about the loss of fuel). ⑮(muscles ached from sitting)⑯realized⑰(no idea how far) ⑱approached⑲guess⑳(it wasn't long before)
①obey【oubéi】(Ex:Should soldiers always *obey orders?)
②pray【préi】(Ex:We *prayed for peace.)
③melt【mélt】(Ex:What is the best way to *melt snow?)
④select【silékt】(Ex:He was *selected for the Japan National Team.)
(A)to cause something to change from solid to liquid
(B)to do what you are told to do
(C)to speak to a higher being in order to give thanks or to ask for help
(D)to choose someone or something carefully from among others
左頁
単語にあった定義を選んでください。
(197)
①assert【əsə'ːrt】(Ex:Freud *asserted that laughter *releases *tension and *liberates *mental *frustration.)(785)
②excuse【ekskjúːz】(Ex:Some have *argued that *lying can never be *excused under any *circumstances.)(786)
③surrender【səréndər】(Ex:The *robber *finally *surrendered and *released his *hostage.)(787)
④facilitate【fəsílətèit】(Ex:The *role of the *interpreter is to *facilitate *accurate *communication between people who use different *languages.)(788)
(A)to *admit that you have been *defeated and will stop fighting
(B)to *forgive someone for doing something wrong, especially something that is not very *serious
(C)to make an *action or a *process easier or more likely to happen
(D)to *state that something is *certainly true
(198)
①opposition【ɑ`pəzíʃən】(Ex:*Opposition to United States *involvement in the Vietnam War began with *demonstrations in 1964.)(789)
②hemisphere【hémisfìər】(Ex:People in mild *climates in the northern *hemisphere sometimes experience *periods of very hot and *humid *weather.)(790)
③ritual【rítʃuəl】(Ex:Shinto festivals *generally *combine *solemn *rituals with joyful *celebration.)(791)
④angle【ǽŋgl】(Ex:Whether it's a still shot or a movie, camera *angles *influence the look, feel and mood of that story.)(792)
(A)a *position from which you look at something
(B)one half of the *globe or *brain
(C)*actions or opinions that show your strong *disagreement with a plan or *policy
(D)a *religious service or other *ceremony that is always *performed in the same way
(198)
①opposition:反対(Ex:米国のベトナム戦争への関与に対する反対は、1964年のデモで始まった。)
②hemisphere:半球(Ex:北半球の穏やかな気候の人々は時には非常に暑くて高湿の天候の時期を経験することがある。)(2003センター)
③ritual:儀式(Ex:神道の祭は一般的に、厳粛な儀式と楽しい祝典を結びつける。)
④angle:角度(Ex:静止画であろうと映画であろうと、カメラの角度はそのストーリーの外見、感覚、雰囲気に影響する。)
(A)何かを見る位置
(B)地球あるいは脳の半分
(C)計画または方針に対する強い不同意を示す行動または意見
(D)常に同じ方法で行われる宗教的勤めやその他の儀式
①(C)②(B)③(D)④(A) 左頁
単語にあった定義を選んでください。
(199)
①hypothesis【haipɑ'θəsis】(Ex:*Conducting an *experiment without a *hypothesis is like starting a road trip just for the sake of driving.)(793)
②applause【əplɔ'ːz】(Ex:It was such an *excellent movie that the director received thunderous *applause from the *audience.)(794)
③prospect【prɑ'spekt】(Ex:No matter how *security *conscious you are, the *prospect of *thieves breaking into your home is always a *worrying *possibility.(795)
④irony【áiərəni】(Ex:White House Press Secretary *described the *phenomenon of people buying guns after shooting *attacks as a“*tragic *irony.”)(796)
(A)the *possibility that something will happen
(B)an idea which *attempts to *explain something but has yet to be *proved to be *correct
(C)a *situation that is strange, funny, or sad because things happen in the *opposite way to what you would *expect
(D)the sound made by many people hitting their hands to show their *approval or enjoyment
(200)
①competent【kɑ'mpətənt】(Ex:*Candidates whose faces look *competent enjoy an *electoral *advantage. )(797)
②stubborn【stʌ'bərn】(Ex:When your elderly parents need help but become *stubborn, it can be a difficult situation.)(798)
③tolerable【tɑ'lərəbl】(Ex:The room is *spacious and *comfortable, though the air-conditioning is a bit *noisy but is *tolerable.)(799)
④relevant【réləvənt】(Ex:Students must be able to *select *relevant information from a *lecture or text.)(800)
(A)*unpleasant but able to be *accepted
(B)important or *necessary to a *particular situation or person
(C)not willing to change your ideas
(D)*capable of doing something in an *efficient or *effective way
(200)
①competent:有能な(Ex:有能そうに見える顔の候補者は選挙での優位を享受する。)
②stubborn:頑固な(Ex:高齢の両親が助けを必要とするが頑固であると、それは難しい状況になり得る。)
③tolerable:耐えられる(Ex:部屋は広く快適で、エアコンがややうるさかったが耐えられた。)
④relevant:関連のある(Ex:生徒は講義や教科書から関連ある情報を選択できなければならない。)
(A)不快だが受け入れられる
(B)特定の状況や人に重要あるいは必要な
(C)自分の考えを変えようとしない
(D)効率的または効果的な方法で何かを行うことができる
①(D)②(C)③(A)④(B) 左頁
※英英定義を読んで例文を完成させてください。
(785)Freud ass------ that laughter releases tension and liberates mental frustration. 【to state that something is certainly true】
(786)Some have argued that lying can never be exc------ under any circumstances. 【to forgive someone for doing something wrong, especially something that is not very serious】
(787)The robber finally sur------ and released his hostage. 【to admit that you have been defeated and will stop fighting】
(788)The role of the interpreter is to fac------ accurate communication between people who use different languages. 【to make an action or a process easier or more likely to happen】
(789)Opp------ to United States involvement in the Vietnam War began with demonstrations in 1964. 【actions or opinions that show your strong disagreement with a plan or policy】
(790)People in mild climates in the northern hem------ sometimes experience periods of very hot and humid weather.【one half of the globe or brain】
(791)Shinto festivals generally combine solemn rit------ with joyful celebration. 【a religious service or other ceremony that is always performed in the same way】
(792)Whether it's a still shot or a movie, camera ang------ influence the look, feel and mood of that story. 【a position from which you look at something】
右頁
※英英定義を読んで例文を完成させてください。
(793)Conducting an experiment without a hyp------ is like starting a road trip just for the sake of driving. 【an idea which attempts to explain something but has yet to be proved to be correct】
(794)It was such an excellent movie that the director received thunderous app------ from the audience. 【the sound made by many people hitting their hands to show their approval or enjoyment】
(795)No matter how security conscious you are, the pro------ of thieves breaking into your home is always a worrying possibility. 【the possibility that something will happen】
(796)White House Press Secretary described the phenomenon of people buying guns after shooting attacks as a“tragic iro------ .” 【a situation that is strange, funny, or sad because things happen in the opposite way to what you would expect】
(797)Candidates whose faces look com------ enjoy an electoral advantage. 【capable of doing something in an efficient or effective way】
(798)When your elderly parents need help but become stu------ , it can be a difficult situation. 【not willing to change your ideas】
(799)The room is spacious and comfortable, though the air-conditioning is a bit noisy but is tol------ . 【unpleasant but able to be accepted】
(800)Students must be able to select rel------ information from a lecture or text. 【important or necessary to a particular situation or person】
1994-(5)改題
□A current topic of debate is the amount of support and services we are willing to ①pro---- 【to give something to someone or make it available to them】 for handicapped people. Many people believe that society has become more caring over the ages. However, if we look back in time, this may not ②(be / to / true / prove). A good example can be found by ③(remains / at / looking / some) of a prehistoric culture.
□Several skeletons were found in the Shanidar Cave in Iraq. It was the home of a ④tri---- 【a group of people of the same race, and with the same language, customs, and beliefs, especially in a developing country】 of Neanderthal who existed more than 40,000 years ago. One of these skeletons was of a man of about 40 years, an old age for that period. He ⑤(to / thought / have / is) been killed by a falling stone. Careful study of the bones has shown that the man's right arm had never fully developed and had been cut off below the elbow. The condition of the teeth was also unlike that of other Neanderthal men's. They showed ⑥(of / signs / use / excessive), as if they had been employed to make up for the lack of a right arm.
□How could someone so handicapped from his earliest years have ⑦sur---- 【to continue to live in spite of difficult circumstances】 to become an adult, and even live on to old age? Societies in such early times faced severe conditions. People who could hunt for meat were few. A handicapped person must have needed to keep close to the cave and been provided with meat. This seems to ⑧ind---- 【to show that something exists】 a far greater degree of concern for the individual than previously assumed.
□In fact, the level ⑨(shown / care / toward / of) this tribesman is not always seen in preset-day societies. Such concern indicates a sense of unity and cooperation that made possible the future achievements of humanity. With this in mind, are ⑩(doing / for / we / enough) the handicapped? Rather than being too proud of the efforts that modern society has made, it would be ⑪(we / to consider / wise / if) even equal the efforts of “precivilized” societies.
解答)①provide②(prove to be true)③(looking at some remains)④tribe⑤(is thought to have)⑥(signs of excessive use)⑦survived⑧indicate⑨(of care shown toward)⑩(we doing enough for)⑪(wise to consider if we)
【全訳】
□現在の議論のトピックは、われわれがどれだけの支援とサービスを障害者に提供するつもりがあるかである。多くの人々は、社会は時代とともにより思いやりのあるものになっていると信じている。しかし、歴史を振り返ると、これは真実ではないかもしれない。先史時代の文化のいくつかの遺跡を見ると良い例が見つかる。
□イラクのシャニダール洞窟でいくつかの骸骨が発見された。それは40,000年以上前に存在したネアンデルタールの部族が住んでいた場所だった。これらの骸骨のひとつは、その時代では高齢である約40歳の男性のものだった。彼は落石によって事故死したと考えられている。骨を注意深く調べたところ、男性の右腕は完全には発達しておらず、肘の下で切断されていたことがわかった。歯の状態も他のネアンデルタール人の男性とは異なっていた。まるで右腕の欠如を補うために使われたかのように、過度の使用の兆候を示した。
□幼い頃からこんなに障害のある人が、どうして生き残って大人になり高齢まで生きていけるのだろうか。そのような大昔の社会は厳しい状況に直面していた。肉を探すことができる人は少なかった。障害者は洞窟の近くにいて肉を提供される必要があったに違いない。これは、以前に想定されていたよりもはるかに個人に対する懸念の度合いが大きいことを示しているようだ。
□実際、この部族民に対して示される気遣いのレベルは、現在の社会においてさえ常に見られるわけではない。このような気遣いは、人類の将来の成果を可能にした一体感と協力を示している。これを念頭に置いて、私たちは障害者のために十分なことをしているだろうか？われわれがいわゆる「文明以前の」社会が行っていた努力に匹敵するところにも達していないのではないかと考えてみるのも、あるいは賢明なことかもしれない。
□A current topic of debate is the amount of support and services we are willing to provide for handicapped people. Many people believe that society has become more caring over the ages. However, if we look back in time, this may not prove to be true. A good example can be found by looking at some remains of a prehistoric culture.
□Several skeletons were found in the Shanidar Cave in Iraq. It was the home of a tribe of Neanderthal who existed more than 40,000 years ago. One of these skeletons was of a man of about 40 years, an old age for that period. He is thought to have been killed by a falling stone. Careful study of the bones has shown that the man's right arm had never fully developed and had been cut off below the elbow. The condition of the teeth was also unlike that of other Neanderthal men's. They showed signs of excessive use, as if they had been employed to make up for the lack of a right arm.
□How could someone so handicapped from his earliest years have survived to become an adult, and even live on to old age? Societies in such early times faced severe conditions. People who could hunt for meat were few. A handicapped person must have needed to keep close to the cave and been provided with meat. This seems to indicate a far greater degree of concern for the individual than previously assumed.
□In fact, the level of care shown toward this tribesman is not always seen in preset-day societies. Such concern indicates a sense of unity and cooperation that made possible the future achievements of humanity. With this in mind, are we doing enough for the handicapped? Rather than being too proud of the efforts that modern society has made, it would be wise to consider if we even equal the efforts of “precivilized” societies.
まずは、以下のような英英定義選択問題２００問に取り組みます。
①trade【tréid】(Ex:Japan does a lot of *trade with China.)
②view【vjúː】(Ex:This hotel offers a great *view of Mt Fuji.)
③courage【kə'ːridʒ】(Ex:I admire your *courage.)
④pastime【pǽstàim】(Ex: What's your favorite *pastime?)
(A)something you can see from a particular place
(B)the activity of buying and selling goods, usually between countries
(C)the quality to do something dangerous or difficult without showing fear
(D)something that you do for pleasure in your free time
左頁
単語にあった定義を選んでください。
(197)
①assert【əsə'ːrt】(Ex:Freud *asserted that laughter *releases *tension and *liberates *mental *frustration.)(785)
②excuse【ekskjúːz】(Ex:Some have *argued that *lying can never be *excused under any *circumstances.)(786)
③surrender【səréndər】(Ex:The *robber *finally *surrendered and *released his *hostage.)(787)
④facilitate【fəsílətèit】(Ex:The *role of the *interpreter is to *facilitate *accurate *communication between people who use different *languages.)(788)
(A)to *admit that you have been *defeated and will stop fighting
(B)to *forgive someone for doing something wrong, especially something that is not very *serious
(C)to make an *action or a *process easier or more likely to happen
(D)to *state that something is *certainly true
(198)
①opposition【ɑ`pəzíʃən】(Ex:*Opposition to United States *involvement in the Vietnam War began with *demonstrations in 1964.)(789)
②hemisphere【hémisfìər】(Ex:People in mild *climates in the northern *hemisphere sometimes experience *periods of very hot and *humid *weather.)(790)
③ritual【rítʃuəl】(Ex:Shinto festivals *generally *combine *solemn *rituals with joyful *celebration.)(791)
④angle【ǽŋgl】(Ex:Whether it's a still shot or a movie, camera *angles *influence the look, feel and mood of that story.)(792)
(A)a *position from which you look at something
(B)one half of the *globe or *brain
(C)*actions or opinions that show your strong *disagreement with a plan or *policy
(D)a *religious service or other *ceremony that is always *performed in the same way
(198)
①opposition:反対(Ex:米国のベトナム戦争への関与に対する反対は、1964年のデモで始まった。)
②hemisphere:半球(Ex:北半球の穏やかな気候の人々は時には非常に暑くて高湿の天候の時期を経験することがある。)(2003センター)
③ritual:儀式(Ex:神道の祭は一般的に、厳粛な儀式と楽しい祝典を結びつける。)
④angle:角度(Ex:静止画であろうと映画であろうと、カメラの角度はそのストーリーの外見、感覚、雰囲気に影響する。)
(A)何かを見る位置
(B)地球あるいは脳の半分
(C)計画または方針に対する強い不同意を示す行動または意見
(D)常に同じ方法で行われる宗教的勤めやその他の儀式
①(C)②(B)③(D)④(A) 左頁
単語にあった定義を選んでください。
(199)
①hypothesis【haipɑ'θəsis】(Ex:*Conducting an *experiment without a *hypothesis is like starting a road trip just for the sake of driving.)(793)
②applause【əplɔ'ːz】(Ex:It was such an *excellent movie that the director received thunderous *applause from the *audience.)(794)
③prospect【prɑ'spekt】(Ex:No matter how *security *conscious you are, the *prospect of *thieves breaking into your home is always a *worrying *possibility.(795)
④irony【áiərəni】(Ex:White House Press Secretary *described the *phenomenon of people buying guns after shooting *attacks as a“*tragic *irony.”)(796)
(A)the *possibility that something will happen
(B)an idea which *attempts to *explain something but has yet to be *proved to be *correct
(C)a *situation that is strange, funny, or sad because things happen in the *opposite way to what you would *expect
(D)the sound made by many people hitting their hands to show their *approval or enjoyment
(200)
①competent【kɑ'mpətənt】(Ex:*Candidates whose faces look *competent enjoy an *electoral *advantage. )(797)
②stubborn【stʌ'bərn】(Ex:When your elderly parents need help but become *stubborn, it can be a difficult situation.)(798)
③tolerable【tɑ'lərəbl】(Ex:The room is *spacious and *comfortable, though the air-conditioning is a bit *noisy but is *tolerable.)(799)
④relevant【réləvənt】(Ex:Students must be able to *select *relevant information from a *lecture or text.)(800)
(A)*unpleasant but able to be *accepted
(B)important or *necessary to a *particular situation or person
(C)not willing to change your ideas
(D)*capable of doing something in an *efficient or *effective way
(200)
①competent:有能な(Ex:有能そうに見える顔の候補者は選挙での優位を享受する。)
②stubborn:頑固な(Ex:高齢の両親が助けを必要とするが頑固であると、それは難しい状況になり得る。)
③tolerable:耐えられる(Ex:部屋は広く快適で、エアコンがややうるさかったが耐えられた。)
④relevant:関連のある(Ex:生徒は講義や教科書から関連ある情報を選択できなければならない。)
(A)不快だが受け入れられる
(B)特定の状況や人に重要あるいは必要な
(C)自分の考えを変えようとしない
(D)効率的または効果的な方法で何かを行うことができる
①(D)②(C)③(A)④(B) 左頁
※英英定義を読んで例文を完成させてください。
(785)Freud ass------ that laughter releases tension and liberates mental frustration. 【to state that something is certainly true】
(786)Some have argued that lying can never be exc------ under any circumstances. 【to forgive someone for doing something wrong, especially something that is not very serious】
(787)The robber finally sur------ and released his hostage. 【to admit that you have been defeated and will stop fighting】
(788)The role of the interpreter is to fac------ accurate communication between people who use different languages. 【to make an action or a process easier or more likely to happen】
(789)Opp------ to United States involvement in the Vietnam War began with demonstrations in 1964. 【actions or opinions that show your strong disagreement with a plan or policy】
(790)People in mild climates in the northern hem------ sometimes experience periods of very hot and humid weather.【one half of the globe or brain】
(791)Shinto festivals generally combine solemn rit------ with joyful celebration. 【a religious service or other ceremony that is always performed in the same way】
(792)Whether it's a still shot or a movie, camera ang------ influence the look, feel and mood of that story. 【a position from which you look at something】
右頁
※英英定義を読んで例文を完成させてください。
(793)Conducting an experiment without a hyp------ is like starting a road trip just for the sake of driving. 【an idea which attempts to explain something but has yet to be proved to be correct】
(794)It was such an excellent movie that the director received thunderous app------ from the audience. 【the sound made by many people hitting their hands to show their approval or enjoyment】
(795)No matter how security conscious you are, the pro------ of thieves breaking into your home is always a worrying possibility. 【the possibility that something will happen】
(796)White House Press Secretary described the phenomenon of people buying guns after shooting attacks as a“tragic iro------ .” 【a situation that is strange, funny, or sad because things happen in the opposite way to what you would expect】
(797)Candidates whose faces look com------ enjoy an electoral advantage. 【capable of doing something in an efficient or effective way】
(798)When your elderly parents need help but become stu------ , it can be a difficult situation. 【not willing to change your ideas】
(799)The room is spacious and comfortable, though the air-conditioning is a bit noisy but is tol------ . 【unpleasant but able to be accepted】
(800)Students must be able to select rel------ information from a lecture or text. 【important or necessary to a particular situation or person】
1993追試-(5)改題
□Humans, in trying to understand the world, tend to ①(expect / find / they / what) to find. Moreover, through their actions, they may even ②(to / cause / become / their expectations) fact without being aware of it, as the following example shows.
□In an experiment carried out at an elementary school, teachers were told that certain children would “bloom” in their school work, although they were not chosen according to ability. They ③(expected / perform / were / to) better, and the results showed that they did. It seems that the teachers actively, though probably unconsciously, brought about the expected improvement in the students by the way they ④tre---- 【to deal with someone or something in a particular way】 them. Although the teachers believed they had no effect, the improvement was, in fact, the result of their behavior based on the predictions. In the classroom, ⑤(form / teachers / of / impressions) students from such things as appearance, behavior and previous test scores, and give them “labels.” When the expectations are high as in the experiment, the students may improve, but if the teachers have low expectations, the students may ⑥(progress / to / fail / make).
□Schools are certainly not the only places where people label others and then form expectations based on these possibly incorrect labels. For example, some criminals who have been released from prison ⑦(crime / to / because / return) society does not expect them to change. Or, in some societies, people of a certain color or class are often found to be most successful at school and in their professions. This may be because they have always been positively labeled, whereas other groups are expected to fail.
□We must recognize that using a label is a dangerous way to ⑧jud---- 【to form an opinion about someone or something】 a person: people's personalities develop and their lives change. We should understand that another person's behavior may result from our own ⑨pre---- 【an unreasonable feeling of dislike for a person or group】 towards that person. By being aware that expectations may produce their own ⑩out---- 【the final result of an action or event】, we can avoid labeling and allow every person an equal chance in life.
解答)①(find what they expect) ②(cause their expectations to become) ③(were expected to perform)④treated⑤(teachers form impressions of)⑥(fail to make progress)⑦(return to crime because)⑧judge⑨prejudice⑩outcome
□Humans, in trying to understand the world, tend to find what they expect to find. Moreover, through their actions, they may even cause their expectations to become fact without being aware of it, as the following example shows.
□In an experiment carried out at an elementary school, teachers were told that certain children would “bloom” in their school work, although they were not chosen according to ability. They were expected to perform better, and the results showed that they did. It seems that the teachers actively, though probably unconsciously, brought about the expected improvement in the students by the way they treated them. Although the teachers believed they had no effect, the improvement was, in fact, the result of their behavior based on the predictions. In the classroom, teachers form impressions of students from such things as appearance, behavior and previous test scores, and give them “labels.” When the expectations are high as in the experiment, the students may improve, but if the teachers have low expectations, the students may fail to make progress.
□Schools are certainly not the only places where people label others and then form expectations based on these possibly incorrect labels. For example, some criminals who have been released from prison return to crime because society does not expect them to change. Or, in some societies, people of a certain color or class are often found to be most successful at school and in their professions. This may be because they have always been positively labeled, whereas other groups are expected to fail.
□We must recognize that using a label is a dangerous way to judge a person: people's personalities develop and their lives change. We should understand that another person's behavior may result from our own prejudice towards that person. By being aware that expectations may produce their own outcome, we can avoid labeling and allow every person an equal chance in life.
大学入学共通テスト 時間内で解ける力がつく英英直読英単語・熟語は、８００の例文と大学受験生向けに新作した８００の英英定義文の中に２０００語以上の共通テストのキーワードになる英単語・熟語を網羅的に組み込み、四択問題と英英挟み撃ち問題からなる練習問題にしました。以下は、高校教科書レベルの基本的な単語から大学入学共通テスト 時間内で解ける力がつく英英直読英単語・熟語と全く同じ形式で作成した練習問題です。 左ページ
①～④の単語に合致する(A)～(D)の英英定義を例文を参照して選んでください。 (1)
①enjoy【indʒɔ'i】(Ex:I *enjoy fishing every weekend.)(001)
②imagine【imǽdʒin】(Ex: In an *increasingly *connected world, many people can't *imagine life without the Internet.)(002)
③learn【lə'ːrn】(Ex:I *learned English from a Canadian teacher. )(003)
④join【dʒɔ'in】(Ex:When did Japan *join the United Nations?)(004)
(A)to form a picture of something in your mind
(B)to get pleasure from something
(C)to become a member of something such as a club, company, or other organization
(D)to get knowledge or skill in a particular subject or activity
(2)
①approach【əpróutʃ】(Ex: There were two *vehicles on the road *approaching the signal.) (005)
②travel【trǽvəl】(Ex: Sound *travels at different speeds, depending on the temperature of the air.)(006)
③deliver【dilívər】(Ex: Photographs will be *delivered within three business days.) (007)
④hit【hít】(Ex:She suddenly *hit me on the head.)(008)
(A)to bring your hand against someone or something quickly and hard
(B)to move closer to someone or something
(C)to go from one place to another
(D)to take something to the requested place
左ページ
(3)
①wear【wéər】(Ex: He always *wears black shirt.)(009)
②sleep【slíːp】(Ex: Fred was so excited that he couldn't *sleep.)(010)
③float【flóut】(Ex: Why do boats *float and rocks *sink? )(011)
④catch【kǽtʃ】(Ex: Learning how to *catch a football is an important football skill.)(012)
(A)to stay on the surface of a liquid without sinking
(B)to rest your mind and body with your eyes closed, usually while lying down
(C) to stop and hold something that is moving, especially in the hands
(D)to have something on your body
(4)
①destroy【distrɔ'i】(Ex: *Rainforests are likely to make more money if they are not *destroyed.)(013)
②escape【iskéip】(Ex: When *escaping from fires, smoke and gases should be *avoided.)(014)
③judge【dʒʌ'dʒ】(Ex: You should know better than to *judge by *appearance.)(015)
④notice 【nóutis】(Ex: I opened the door quietly so that the teacher wouldn't *notice me.)(016)
(A)to get away from a dangerous situation
(B)to break something down *completely
(C)to become *aware of someone or something
(D)to *form an *opinion about someone or something
左ページ
①～④の単語に合致する(A)～(D)の英英定義を例文を参照して選んでください。 (5)
①marry【mǽri】(Ex: She decided to *marry him.)(017)
②protect【prətékt】(Ex:Why should we *protect our environment? )(018)
③kick【kík】(Ex:She *kicked the door open. )(019)
④remember【rimémbər】(Ex:Do you *remember how we met?)(020)
(A)to hit someone or something with the foot
(B)to become the husband or wife of someone
(C)to keep someone or something safe from harm
(D)to have an image of someone or something in the past in your memory
(6)
①provide【prəváid】(Ex: Cows *provide us with milk.) (021)
②forget【fərgét】(Ex:I wrote down her name so I wouldn't *forget it. )(022)
③belong【bilɔ'ːŋ】(Ex: I used to *belong to the tennis club when I was a student.) (023)
④collect【kəlékt】(Ex:I didn't know you collected old coins. )(024)
(A)to be unable to remember
(B)to be a member of an organization
(C)to bring things together from different places
(D)to supply somebody with something
左ページ (7)
①cancel【kǽnsəl】(Ex:How do I cancel my order? )(025)
②introduce【ìntrədjúːs】(Ex:She *introduced her daughter to me. )(026)
③exchange【ikstʃéindʒ】(Ex:Do you know how to *exchange business cards in Japan?)(027)
④lend【lénd】(Ex:Would you *lend me your dictionary?)(028)
(A)to say that an event that was planned will not now happen
(B)to give something and receive something else in return
(C)to allow someone to use something for a short time
(D)to bring one person to another person so that they can meet
(8)
①elect【ilékt】(Ex: Lincoln was the first member of the Republican Party elected to the presidency. )(029)
②invite【invɑ'it】(Ex: Thank you for *inviting me to your birthday party.)(030)
③sell【sél】(Ex:What is the quickest way to *sell a car?)(031)
④wait【wéit】(Ex:I'm sorry to have kept you *waiting.)(032)
(A)to stay in a particular place until someone arrives
(B)to give something in exchange for money
(C) to ask someone to come to an event
(D)to choose someone by voting
(9)
①discussion【diskʌ'ʃən】(We should avoid *discussion of religion and politics at the dinner table.)(033)
②background【bǽkgrɑùnd】(Ex:People from different *background gather in workplaces. )(034)
③advice【ædváis】(Ex: Her *advice is always helpful to me. )(035)
④elevator【éləvèitər】(Ex: In the event of fire, don't use the *elevator. )(036)
(A)an opinion that someone gives others about what they should do
(B)the type of career, training, or education that shapes somebody's life
(C)the process of talking about something important
(D)a machine that carries people and goods up and down in a building
(10)
①fashion【fǽʃən】(Ex:It is very expensive to keep up with the latest *fashions.)037)
②economy【ikɑ'nəmi】(Ex:Why is trade so important to Japan's *economy?)(038)
③gesture【dʒéstʃər】(Ex:Hand *gestures can mean very different things in different cultures.)(039)
④dream【dríːm】(Ex:What does it mean when you see fire in your *dream?)(040)
(A)the system by which a place's money and goods are made and used
(B)a series of events or images that happen in your mind when you are asleep
(C)the fact that something is popular at a particular time
(D)a movement of your body that communicates a feeling or instruction
左ページ
(11)
①imagination【imæ`dʒənéiʃən】(Ex:How does reading help children's *imagination?)(041)
②hobby【hɑ'bi】(Ex:My *hobby is taking pictures of wild animals.)(042)
③noise【nɔ'iz】(Ex:There was so much *noise in the classroom that Hisako could not make herself heard.)(2012センター)(043)
④means【míːnz】(Ex:The bus is the common *means of public transportation.)(044)
(A)an activity that someone does for pleasure in their free time
(B)the ability to create pictures or ideas in your mind
(C)a loud or unpleasant sound
(D)a way of doing or achieving something
(12)
①salary【sǽləri】(Ex:He was earning a large *salary when he retired.)(045)
②talent【tǽlənt】(Ex:He has a great *talent for music.)046)
③penalty【pénəlti】(Ex:There are severe *penalties in Japan for drinking and driving. )(047)
④rival【ráivəl】(Ex: Two *rivals have different policies on several key issues.)(048)
(A)a punishment for breaking a rule
(B)a person or thing that competes with another
(C)the money that a person receives each month or year from their job
(D)a natural skill or ability to do something well
左ページ
定義文を参考に例文を完成してください。定義文→例文の順で音読すると一層効果的です。
(033)We should avoid dis------- of religion and politics at the dinner table. 【the process of talking about something important】
(034)People from different bac------- gather in workplaces. 【the type of career, training, or education that shapes somebody's life】
(035) Her adv------- is always helpful to me. 【an opinion that someone gives others about what they should do】
(036)In the event of fire, don't use the ele------- . 【a machine that carries people and goods up and down in a building】
(037)It is very expensive to keep up with the latest fas------- 【the fact that something is popular at a particular time】
(038)Why is trade so important to Japan's eco------- ? 【the system by which a place's money and goods are made and used】
(039)Hand ges------- can mean very different things in different cultures. 【a movement of your body that communicates a feeling or instruction】
(040)What does it mean when you see fire in your dre------- ? 【a series of events or images that happen in your mind when you are asleep】
