平井論文2013『初期PTAにおけるアソシエーション的特性に関する一考察』（※）の最終部。
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▼論文3頁目掲載の表▼
▼英文部分冒頭箇所文字塊▼
Examiningtheearly-stageassociationalcharacterofPTA:focusingontheconstitutionsandby-lawsofPTAinOccupiedJapanKimiyoHIRAI(UniversityofYamanashi)
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Modelconstitutionsandby-lawsworkedeffectivelytoshowJapanesepeoplehowtoorganizeandmanagePTAdemocratical1y,buttheyfailedtohelpthemunderstanddeeplywhatademocraticassociationis.Iconcludedthatthemajorpointsofmisunderstandingthe“associationalcharacter”ofPTAareasfollows:(1)TheprincipleofjoiningandchoiceofassociationwereeasilyforgottenbecauseofnotcodifyingthemaccordingtotheU.S.models.ItwasnaturalfortheU.S.peopleasnottoneedcodification,buttheyweren'tforJapanesepeople.(2)ThepossibilityofMacIver’sassociation,thevariousandinnumerableassociationsbypurpose,wassuppressedfromthebeginninginordertounifythewartimecommunityassociationsintoone“democratic”PTA.Thecostofthemoney-powerrelationshiprestrictionwastherightfortheminoritywhomadeassociations.ThesemisunderstandingswerecrucialforPTAforbeing“associational”,thoughIthinktheimportanceofparentalassociationswillbeincreasingmoreandmoreastheschoolandlocalgovernancepartnersinthenearfuture.
