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Chapter 46: God Pushed Away
1. the hebrew and greek bibles
ãIn the translation of the Bible of the Septuagint, which is said to be a translation of the Hebrew Bible into Greek, this chapter and the following ones are inserted in chapter 25. Also, Jeremiah's prophecy ends in chapter 44. Therefore, the position of the book of Jeremiah after chapter 46 has been debated in various ways.
However, chapters 46-51 are not a prophecy against the southern kingdom of Judah, but rather God's judgment against foreign nations. Therefore, it is possible that the prophecies against Judah and Jerusalem from King Josiah to King Zedekiah, i.e., leading up to the fall of Jerusalem by Babylon, have come to an end, and the prophecies do not go immediately to the Babylonian captivity as in the Hebrew Bible, but instead speak of judgment against other nations as in the Greek translation of the Bible. It is possible, though. It is not clear, however, which of the two is closer to Jeremiah's original writing.
2. the word of God to Egypt
In chapter 46, God's word is addressed to Egypt, and verse 2 indicates that this is a prophecy about the famous battle of Carchemish, which is also known in history. The Egyptian army was defeated by Babylon in this battle, and conversely, was threatened with invasion (vv. 13 onward).
ãThe Bible focuses on the history of Israel because Israel is God's chosen people, and through this chosen people, God's own plan of salvation for the whole world is made known. God is not the God of Israel alone. God is the God of the whole world. Originally, God's plan of salvation was for the whole world, and God is the Lord of heaven and earth and of all nations, who loves all the peoples of the world. Therefore, naturally, God's will for the other nations will also be spoken.
ãIn verse 8, it says, "He said. He refers to Pharaoh Neco, king of Egypt. The strength of the Egyptian army rushing toward the Babylonian army is compared to the flooding and swirling Nile River. But God says it is nothing more than "a lovely female calf" (v. 20). It is interesting to note that the Shinkai-yaku 2017 translates "swept away" (v. 15). The Hebrew text reads "nish-haf," "flee away," but the Septuagint reads "nish-haf" separately as "nas-haf" and translates it as "Why was Haf (the bull god Apis) swept away? It draws attention to the bull that was pushed away, leaving the female calf Egypt behind. In ancient Near Eastern thought, the conquest of a country inevitably meant overthrowing its patron god. So here is a satire on the impotence of the God on whom Egypt depended and its defeat.
Jeremiah's message to Egypt is basically the same as the message to Israel. He tells Israel to acknowledge and serve only the true God. The same is true for Egypt: there are many gods and many things to be worshipped, but if you are going to worship them, worship the true God. He then tells us that even though Egypt has suffered God's chastisement, it is not the end of the story, but will be restored (v. 26).
Then, the call to Jacob and Israel in verse 27 is not used in an ethnic sense, but in a spiritual sense. In other words, God treats those who turn to the true God, be they Egyptians or Israelites, as His chosen people, as special beings. He says, “Do not be afraid, Jacob my servant; do not be dismayed, Israel. I will surely save you out of a distant place, your descendants from the land of their exile. Jacob will again have peace and security, and no one will make him afraid.ã
In Japan, there are many idols. Mountain gods, sea gods, and many other things are worshipped. If we consider omikuji and fortune-telling as religious behaviors, the religious population, including those who prefer them, is said to be about 70% of the total population of Japan.
What is important, I think, is the awareness that religion is not a comforting or superstitious belief. It is something that reveals the condition of the human soul and encourages repentance.
The recent conflicts are a painful reminder. And behind some of them, there are clashes between religions and religions.However, I believe that religion is originally meant to reveal the condition of the human soul, which causes wars, in other words, to make people clearly aware that there is a spirit of strife in their hearts, to encourage them to repent, and to live in love.I really hope that the words of the Bible will be understood correctly and that we will be people who live in the love of God that the Bible speaks of.
<Quiz Corner
First, yesterday's quiz. For the ancient Israelites, what position was the east side understood as? (1) Front, (2) Back. The answer is (1) forward. The Hebrew word kedem, "front, front," and its variants are also frequently used to indicate the east, based on the idea that the one from which the sun rises is the front. Now for today's Bible quiz. Which king was killed while trying to stop the Egyptian army heading for the battle of Carchemish? (1) Amon, (2) Josiah, (3) Jehoiachin, and the answer will be given tomorrow. Well, I wish you a good day today.