イラン：政治犯の死を調査せよ
証拠は医療を怠ったか、看守による暴行があった事を示している
（ニューヨーク2009年3月19日）－イラン当局は、ゴハルダシュト刑務所の政治犯アミル・ホッセイン・ヘシュマト・サラン（49歳）の死を速やかに調査し、及び、収監されていた時の彼へ医療についてその全てを情報公開すべきである、と本日ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチは述べた。彼はゴハルダシュト刑務所でこの３年間に死亡したことが知られている３人目の政治犯である。
(New York) - Iranian authorities should promptly investigate the death of Amir Hossein Heshmat Saran, a 49-year-old prisoner at Gohardasht prison, and provide full disclosure about his medical care while in custody, Human Rights Watch said today. Saran died at the Rajayi Shahr public hospital in Karaj on March 6, 2009, after five years in detention. His is the third known death of a political prisoner at Gohardasht in the last three years.
「イラン政府はアミル・ホッセイン・ヘシュマト・サランの疑わしい死について公平な調査を行なう必要がある。」とジョー・ストーク、ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチ中東副局長は述べた。「調査には親族も含め、結果を公表し、虐待や医療的怠慢があったのならそれを行なったと分かった者に責任を問うべきである。」
"The government of Iran needs to conduct an impartial investigation into the suspicious death of Amir Hossein Heshmat Saran," said Joe Stork, deputy director of Human Rights Watch's Middle East division. "It should include his relatives in the process, make the results public, and hold accountable anyone found responsible for any mistreatment or medical negligence."
サランの妻、エラヒー（Elaheh）は、「３月５日の朝、ゴハルダシュト刑務所第２区第５監房の囚人仲間４名の内１名が電話を掛けてくれて、サランが前の晩に病気になり、刑務所医療センターに連れて行かれたと伝えてくれた。」と、ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチに語った。刑務所医療センターに連絡をとると、「サランは近くのラジャイ・シャール（Rajayi Shahr）病院の集中治療室（ＩＣＵ）に搬送された。」と言われ、ＩＣＵにいる彼を１５分間程見舞う事が出来た。「“片目だけ開いていて”サランはこん睡状態だったようだが、手足はＩＣＵのベッドに繋がれていた。」と彼女は述べた。ベッドの上にあるホワイト・ボードはサランが“神経系統の病”で入院した事を示していたそうである。
Saran's wife, Elaheh, told Human Rights Watch that on the morning of March 5, one of Saran's four cellmates in Section 2, cell 5 of Gohardasht prison called her, using a prison calling-card telephone, to say that Saran had taken ill the previous night and was taken to the prison health center. When she contacted the prison health center, she was told he had been transferred to nearby Rajayi Shahr Hospital's intensive care unit (ICU). She was able to visit him at the ICU for about 15 minutes. She said that he appeared to be in a coma "with just one eye open," his hands and feet shackled to the ICU bed. The whiteboard above his bed indicated that he was being hospitalized for "neurological illness."
翌朝、３月６日、エラヒー・サランは再び夫を見舞うためにＩＣＵに出かけた。到着すると病院の者が「彼は死亡した。」と伝えた。彼女によると彼を治療した医療専門家は、「彼は脳内出血と肺感染症が全身に広がっていた。もっと早く入院するべきだった。」と述べたそうである。「殆ど死んだ状態で彼は連れてこられた。」
The next morning, March 6, Elaheh Saran again went to the ICU to visit her husband. When she arrived, hospital personnel informed her that he had died. "The medical specialist who treated him told me he had brain hemorrhaging, and a lung infection which had spread throughout his body, that he should have been brought in sooner" she told Human Rights Watch. "They took him there when he was practically dead."
サランが死亡する１０日前の面会の際、「運動不足のせい」と言っていたが、彼の体はむくんでいたようだった、と彼女は語った。彼は以前２月２６日にも短期間こん睡状態になっている。最初のこん睡状態の後、刑務所の医師は粉末の名前の分からない薬を処方するために、サラン自身からの署名をとるのを必要とする、異例の処置をとっている。
During a visit 10 days prior to his death, his wife said, his body appeared to be swollen, which he again attributed to lack of physical activity. He had fallen into a brief coma previously on February 26. After the first coma, the prison doctor took the unusual step of requiring a signature from Saran himself in order to administer an unidentified medicine in powder form.
サランの弁護士であるモハマド・リーザ・ファギヒ（Mohammad Reza Faghihi）とサランの家族は直ちに彼の死の不可思議な特性について調査を求める、正式な異議申し立てをカラジュ（Karaj）上告裁判所第２１支部に提出したと、弁護士はヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチに述べた。
Saran's lawyer, Mohammad Reza Faghihi, told Human Rights Watch that he and Saran's family immediately filed an official complaint with Branch 21 of the Karaj Appellate Court calling for an investigation into the suspicious nature of his death.
当局はサランを２００４年に逮捕、イラン学生の日のデモに参加した事、もっと民主的なイランを唱導する国民統合戦線という団体を立ち上げた事などを含む政治的活動に対して、テヘラン革命裁判所は懲役１６年を彼に科した。
Authorities arrested Saran in 2004, and the Tehran Revolutionary Court sentenced him to 16 years in prison for his political activities, including participation in Iran Students' Day demonstrations, and for setting up a group called the National United Front (jebhe-yeh etehaad-e melli) which advocated for a more democratic Iran.
服役当初、サランは刑務所環境を詳細に記述し、国民統合戦線メンバーの助けもあり、その情報を米国にあるイラン人衛生製放送に加えてウェブサイトに配信した。
At the beginning of his detention, Saran wrote extensively about the prison conditions and, with the help of members of the National United Front, distributed this information to Iranian satellite channels in the United States as well as to websites.
サランと政治犯の同房仲間アフシン・バイマニ（Afshin Baymani）、ベローズ・ジャビドテーラニ（Behrooz Javidtehrani）、カラミ・ケイラバディ（Karami Kheyrabadi）は、一度は他の囚人から、次からは“何度も”刑務所看守から襲撃を受け、サランが病院に連れて行かれる前の日に、保健衛生問題、運動不足、適切な照明不足などを含む刑務所の劣悪な環境に抗議してハンガーストライキに突入することを表明していた、とサランの妻は述べた。「、ハンガーストライキに入るのを止めさせるために、あの夜３０人の刑務所看守から襲撃された、と彼の友達から聞いた。」と彼女はヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチに語っている。
Saran's wife said that he and his cellmates, Afshin Baymani, Behrooz Javidtehrani, and Karami Kheyrabadi, who were also political prisoners, had been attacked in prison, once by other prisoners and then "many times" later by prison guards, and had announced on the day before he was taken to the hospital that they would go on a hunger strike to protest bad prison conditions - including sanitary and health issues, lack of physical activity, and lack of proper lighting. "I heard from his friends that they were attacked by 30 prison guards that night in order to prevent them from going on hunger strike," she told Human Rights Watch.
夫の服役中エラヒー・サランは１５日に１度は２０分間面会でき、運動不足から足が痛いと訴えた、２ヶ月前までは病気らしいところは全然なかった、とも彼女はヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチに述べている。弁護士によれば、サランには心臓問題の経歴があり、その事と刑務所内で被った襲撃について家族が得た情報を重ね合わせ、ここ数年治療のための釈放を何度も要請してきたのだそうだ。
Elaheh Saran told Human Rights Watch that throughout her husband's detention, she had been able to visit him every 15 days for 20 minutes and he never seemed ill until two months ago, when he complained that he had pain in his leg from a lack of physical activity. According to his lawyer, he did have a history of heart problems, though, which, coupled with information his family had received about the assaults he had suffered in prison, had led them to make repeated requests for medical leave for him over the years. Prison officials denied the requests.
サランの死後、家族は埋葬のために遺体を貰い受ける許可を得た。故郷のシャヒリアル（Shahriar）の街にある墓地に埋葬するつもりだった。３月８日午前６時３０分、サランの遺体を保管していた安置所の車の運転手がサラン家宅に来て、テヘランの情報省が遺体を少し遠いもう一つの遺体安置所に移すよう命令した、と告げた。
Following Saran's death, his family received permission to take possession of his body for burial. They intended to bury him at a cemetery in their home town of Shahriar. At 6:30 a.m. on March 8, an ambulance driver from the mortuary where Saran's body was being held came to the Saran family home and said that the Ministry of Intelligence in Tehran had ordered that the body be moved to another mortuary some distance away.
「情報省の３名の男が家に来て、遺体を渡さないって、サラが死んだのをインターネットや他の所に、公開しすぎるからだって言うのよ。」エラヒー・サランはヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチに語っている。「彼らがサランをどこかに埋葬するかできるし、又、私たちで埋葬するか出来るけれども、その時は私たちを訪れてきた政治的な友人の全部に、葬式には来るなって言わなきゃダメだって、彼らは言ってた。」 結果的にサラン家は家族だけで内輪の葬儀を行い、故郷の街から車で４０分のところにある、遺体が移されていたサキネ（Sakineh）墓地に彼を埋葬した。
"Three men from the Ministry of Intelligence later came to our home and told us that they would not give us his body because we made Saran's death too public on the internet and other places," Elaheh Saran told Human Rights Watch. "They said they could either bury him on their own anywhere or we could bury him ourselves, but we must tell all his political friends who have been visiting us not to come to the funeral." Eventually, the Saran family held a private funeral with immediate family members only and buried him in the Sakineh cemetery, where the body had been moved, a 40-minute drive from their hometown.
サランの５年間の服役中、２００６年９月に１５日間の治療釈放を許したのを除いて、治安情報省は繰り返し家族の刑務所外での治療を拒んだ。サランの釈放中、同房者で政治犯、前ムジャヒディン・ハルク構成員（MKO人民戦士機構）であるバリオッラー・フェイズ-マーダビ（Valiollah Faiz-Mahdavi）が、９日間のハンガーストライキの後、治療のないまま死亡した。
(http://www.hrw.org/en/news/2006/09/06/iran-new-death-political-prisoner-custody ).
２００８年１０月、政治犯で前ムジャヒディン・ハルク構成員（MKO）アブドルリザ・ラジャビ（Abdolreza Rajabi）がゴハルダシュト（Gohardasht）刑務所で、テヘランのエビン（Evin）刑務所から移送された翌日死亡した。
During Saran's five-year detention, the Ministry of Intelligence and Security repeatedly refused his family's requests for outside medical care, with the exception of a 15-day medical leave in September 2006. During Saran's absence, another political prisoner, Valiollah Faiz-Mahdavi, a former member of the Mojaheddin-e Khalgh organization (MKO) and Saran's cellmate, died after a nine-day hunger strike without medical attention (http://www.hrw.org/en/news/2006/09/06/iran-new-death-political-prisoner-custody ). In October 2008, Abdolreza Rajabi, another political prisoner and former member of the MKO at Gohardasht, died unexpectedly, one day after being transferred from Tehran's Evin prison.
「ゴハルダシュト（Gohardasht）刑務所に服役している政治犯が死亡する、ただならぬパターンが明確に存在する。」とストークは述べた。「イラン政府はこれらの死を調査し、囚人が虐待されず、又は治療を拒否される事がないよう保証するための手段を講じるべきである。」
"There is clearly an alarming pattern of political prisoners dying in detention at Gohardasht prison," Stork said. "The Iranian government has an obligation to investigate these deaths and take measures to ensure that prisoners are not mistreated or denied medical attention."
エビン刑務所で拘留されていたブロッガー、オミド・リザ・ミルサヤフィ（Omid Reza Mirsayafi）は、３月１８日適切な治療をを受けられないまま死亡し、イランにおける政治犯の治療と医療受診について更なる懸念を引き起こした。
A blogger being held in Evin prison, Omid Reza Mirsayafi, died on March 18 after lack of proper medical treatment, raising additional concerns about the treatment and medical access of political prisoners in Iran.
国連の被拘禁者処遇最低基準によれば、刑務所外での治療が必要な被拘禁者は特別な施設、若しくは文民病院に移送されなければならない。
Under the UN Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners, prisoners who require outside medical treatment should be transferred to specialized institutions or to civil hospitals.
