Paper范文--The Economic Impact of the Olympics

给大家推荐一篇关于The Economic Impact of the Olympics的paper范文，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了奥运会对经济的影响。根据专家们的调查结果分析，2008年北京奥运会对中国经济产生了比较大的影响，包括奥运会对城市的经济产生一些积极的影响，也在一定程度上改善了城市的基础设施和交通基础设施。另外，它还提高了就业率和工资水平。


From the article of "Impact of the 1996 Summer Olympic Games on Employment and Wages in Georgia", it is found that there is a positive relation between the employment rate and the Olympic city, Atlanta, Georgia. Julie used differences-in differences (DD) statistical method to conduct the research.

Of Julie's research, she has classified the counties in two groups, one is venue counties and the other one is near-venue counties. The above counties are classified VNP counties. And Julie has identified three VNP county groups: it includes the North, Savannah and Columbus.

Julie has used the DD approach to conduct the research, and she has used the OLS regression to analyze the data. The logic of the article is to compare the employment rate and the wage level among different groups. After analyzing the data, Julie has found that the employment is increasing 17% in VNV counties than non-VNV counties. And the wage is increasing the amount of 7% compared the post-Olympics and before Olympics. There is more demand in labor for the Olympics, the labor demand is increasing more than the supply, which causes the wages to increase.

And Julie has used the random-growth models to work as the robustness check. In the year of 1989, Heckman and Hotz has found a method to quantify the impact of events such as the Olympics. And as a result of the robustness check, it shows the similar results as that the Olympics helps counties to increase employment rate. The employment rate is increasing by 17 percent, which is about 293,000 more jobs of the VNP counties. And the other DD analysis states that the employment rate is also increasing in other area of Georgia.

The relationship between wage increasing and Olympics is not clear, the random-growth model didn't show the statistical significance of the wage increasing and Olympics. So the author assumes that the increasing employment rate shifts the supply curve, which causes the wages increasing. Unfortunately, there is lack of data to support the estimation.

Beijing held the 2008 Olympics Games, and there were a lot of reports and analysis regarding the event, and there are several methods to analyze the event such as financial analysis methods, event analysis, cost-benefit analysis and macroeconomic model analysis. For the Olympics or other big events, the input-output model and the computable general equilibrium are often used.

I would like to research the economic impact of the Beijing Olympics of the year of 2008 and to use the methods of econometrics, I have to make it clear that Beijing is a very special city. It is greatly impacted by China economics policy and also greatly impacted by other cities. So the model is not used to analyze Beijing economics as a whole, it is only for to research the economic impact of the Beijing Olympics. And the investment to the Beijing Olympics will only include the years between 2002 and 2007. It will be a little different from the real investment but will have little impact of the research.

And the investment includes two sections: one section is the direct investment, the other one section is indirect investment. Direct investment means the direct investment of the 2008 Beijing Olympics, indirect investment means investment to Beijing, but which is not related to the Olympics.

What's more, for the investment of Chinese government, it is a macro and logical decision based on GDP. GDP can be stated as of below:

GDP= consumption + investment + government spending+ (exports-imports)

The models will include the followings:

PCR_(t=) β_0+β_1 PCR_(t-1)+β_2 GDP_t

EIR_t=β_0+β_1 EIR_(t-1)+β_2 GDP_t

PIR_t=β_0+β_1 PIR_(t-1)+β_2 GDP_(t-1)

GIR_t=β_0+β_1 GDP_t+β_2 GDP_(t-1)

PCR_t Means the citizens' consumptions at the period time of t, GDP means the national gross domestic product at the time period of t, EIR means the export amount at the time period of t, PIR means the individual investment amount at the time period of t, GIR means the government investment at the time period of t, GCR means the government consumption at the time period of t, SR means the increasing of goods and services at the time period of t.

And the endogenous variables include GDP, PCR, EIR, GIR and PIR; GSR and SCR are exogenous variables. Based on the above model, to use the least square method, we can get the following equations:

PCR_(t=) 0.0161+0.3832PCR_(t-1)+0.1295GDP_t

EIR_t=11.2019+0.7355EIR_(t-1)-0.0658GDP_t

PIR_t=-2.1472+1.2339PIR_(t-2)+0.0132GDP_(t-1)

GIR_t=-23.6439+1.7265GDP_t-1.2944GDP_(t-1)

Whilst there is a little bit problem of the data, I used the least square method to conduct the data analysis again, the result is as followings:

PCR_(t=) 0.3926+0.8837PCR_(t-1)+0.0448GDP_t

EIR_t=4.0564+0.8732EIR_(t-1)-0.0368GDP_t

PIR_t=-1.4825+1.4886PIR_(t-2)+0.0084GDP_(t-1)

GIR_t=-40.8575+0.1397GDP_t+0.5113GDP_(t-1)

GDP=13.682+0.58GIR_t+0.75GDP_(t-1)

From the above economics analysis, there will be economics impact to the city which holds the Olympics games, and the 2008 Olympics helps Beijing to build more infrastructure especially more sports infrastructure, and to improve the Beijing transportation, to create more employment opportunities, it has a positive impact of the employment structure and industry sector adjustment.

And the direct investment is increasing Beijing nominal GDP between the years of 2002-2007, which is 399.7 million, 16.094 billion, 38.037 billion, 63.758billion, 80.483billion and in the total amount of 278.717 billion. Whilst the model is limited, and the model doesn't state the specific impacts to Beijing economics. And there is also some errors, if we can get more accurate data, the analysis will be more accurate and more specific.

The Values of the Olympics

There a lot of methods to analyze the Beijing Olympics' impact on economics, which includes The Olympics might do some positive impacts on the economics of the city, and it also improves the city infrastructure and transportation infrastructure. It will also increase the employment rate and it will increase the wages level. The challenges is to build the economic model, the correction of the model and the data collection problems. The data is not accurate enough and the statistical correlation still needs more data and more data analysis to support, related further research can be conducted in the future.

References

Hotchkiss, J. L., Moore, R. E., & Zobay, S. M. (2003). Impact of the 1996 Summer Olympic Games on Employment and Wages in Georgia. Southern Economic Journal, 69(3), 691. doi:10.2307/1061702

Jones, C. (2001). Mega-events and host-region impacts: determining the true worth of the 1999 Rugby World Cup. International Journal of Tourism Research, 3(3), 241-251. doi:10.1002/jtr.326

Sydney 2000 Olympic Games Journal. (2011). The Automated Lighting Programmers Handbook, 149-168. doi:10.1016/b978-0-240-81553-4.00034-0

The Impact and Evaluation of Major Sporting Events. (2007). doi:10.4324/9781315878195

Weed, M. (2014). Sports Mega-Events and Mass Participation in Sport. Leveraging Legacies from Sports Mega-Events, 39-49. doi:10.1057/9781137371188_4

www.bjstats.gov.cn

www.stats.gov.cn

References

VNP: near and near-venue (VNP) counties

VNP county groups: North (including Atlanta and Athens), Savannah on the coast, and Columbus


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Paper范文--A Comparison between Black Swan Records and Paramount Records

给大家推荐一篇关于A Comparison between Black Swan Records and Paramount Records的paper范文，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了黑天鹅唱片和派拉蒙唱片。黑天鹅唱片和派拉蒙唱片都以“种族音乐”为目标，但他们有着不同的商业惯例。在商业实践中，黑天鹅唱片和派拉蒙唱片都对黑人艺术家给予了关注，并巩固了自己“种族标签”的声誉。派拉蒙唱片进军布鲁斯音乐的原因是为了解决其在吸引顶级艺术家和刺激零售商网络方面缺乏声誉或资本的问题，这两家公司对待非裔美国艺术家的态度存在差异。

Black Swan Records,Paramount Records,essay代写,paper代写,作业代写

Black Swan Records was a first major black-owned record company founded in 1921, and it only lasted for 5 years. During its short existence, “it revealed the possibilities and limitations of realizing social and political change through music and markets (Suisman, 206).” Even though it had a short history, it played an important part in showing the relations between music industry and society at large, and it made significant attempt for African Americans to improve their social status and seek economic independence. In 1924, Black Swag Records fell down in the intense market competition, and it was forced to sell its label to Paramount Records, another record label known for its recordings created by African Americans artists. There are many similarities and differences between the two records labels, and the paper seeks to make a comparison between the two labels in terms of business practices, treatment of African American artists and efforts to appeal to record buyers.

In the first place, both Black Swan Records and Paramount Records aimed at “race music”, but they had different business practices. In business practices, Black Swan Records and Paramount Records paid their attention to black artists and both of them solidified their reputation as “race label”. However, there were obvious differences between the two companies at the same time. On one hand, Black Swan Records was established to produce a broad range of music by and for African Americans, while Paramount Records began with furniture and took advantage of “race music” to make money. At the end of 1910s, the heightened sense of entitlement as well as the bloody race riots of 1919 promoted the political assertiveness of African Americans in many forms (Suisman 207), It was in this environment that Black Swan Records was established and the creator of Black Swan Records expected to effect real change in the condition of African Americans in the United States (Suisman 208). In the meantime, Paramount Records had different background of foundation and goals. Paramount Records The creator of Paramount Records was firstly running a chair manufacturing company in Sheboygan (Filzen 106). Nevertheless, the creator of Paramount Records not only manufactured chairs, but also produced phonograph cabinets and phonograph records. With time went on, the company turned its attention towards phonograph players and eventually to phonograph records themselves (Filzen 107; Lovell). Moreover, the reason why Paramount Records marched blues in order to solve its problem of lack of reputation or capital in attracting top artists and stimulating a network of retailers (Filzen 107). In this way, the establishment of Black Swan Records had its political appeal and ethnical claims, while Paramount Records used “race music” to achieve pure business success. On the other hand, Black Swan Records tried to issue all kinds or records not just blues while Paramount Records focused on blues. As mentioned above, Black Swan Records sought to challenge white people’s opinion on African Americans’ capabilities and attributes as well as uplift and empower African Americans in the guise of musical entertainment, consequently, in addition to blues, comic and ragtime records, Black Swan Records also issued classic music, spirituals and opera, for the sake of overturning the views of white people towards African Americans (Suisman 208). In the meanwhile, Paramount Records focused on blues since it was a new musical genre and it could make money by attracting black audience (Filzen 111). In addition, the creators of Black Swan Records had rich knowledge in musical industry. For instance, W.C. Handy called himself as “father of the blues”, in the meantime, the creators of Paramount Records knew nothing about the recording industry (Suisman 212; Filzen 112). Besides, even though blues and other African American music mainly represented work-class African American life, Black Swan Records sought to present “respectable” middle-class values, which led to serious class conflict inner the company (Suisman 223). Different from Black Swan Records, Paramount Records did not pay attention to middle-class values.

In the second place, there are differences between the two companies in treating African American artists. Firstly, the creator of Black Swan Records assembled a board of directors whose membership included a wide range business and professional leaders, in other words, with the help of interpersonal network, it was easy for Black Swan Records to find appropriate African American artists. Meanwhile, Paramount Records had low-budget talent searches and it depended on its salespeople and record distributors to find new blues talent (Filzen 113). Secondly, Black Swan Records had strict requirement on African American artists. For instance, it is necessary for artists to play in strict accordance with the arrangements. The company only accepted the blues which did not conflict with the overall project of uplift (Suisman 222). What is more, it also adopted an informal system of triage, the artists who did not fit the recognized social profile for a singer of “cultural” songs may influence his (her) position in the company’s recording roster, regardless of the fact he (she) had a repertoire encompassing various styles (Suisman 219). However, there was no similar rule in Paramount Records. Thirdly, when it comes to the payment of African American artists, the black musicians were paid less than white performers of the day in Paramount, and African American artists also suffered exploitation from Paramount; while the issue did not exist in Black Swan Records. During the 1920s, the income gap between white and black recording artists were huge. For example, a white recording artist may be paid five times as much as the black recording artists (Filzen 114). Moreover, distributors and record dealers who were responsible for searching talents of Paramount were also rewarded at the expense of the musicians (Filzen 114). In addition, Paramount exploited African American artists through calling for a sales royalty and artists’ own written material (Filzen 114). The artists in Paramount were forced to relinquish some of their rights as artists (Filzen 114).

In the third place, the two companies also differed from each other with respect to efforts to appeal to record buyers. In order to improve the reputation of Black Swan Records, the company organized a remarkable music and vaudeville tour, including comic skits, dancing and singing (Suisman 220). Furthermore, the creator of Black Swan Records sought to make its records available no matter where people may acquire them (Suisman 223). Therefore, people could find the advertisement of Black Swan Records in black newspapers, trade press and black political periodicals in different promotion points (Suisman 224). For example, people could find the information about new records in Talking Machine Worlds, and they could know sundry cosmetic products in the entertainment pages (Suisman 224). In addition, in view of the hostility of the environment and suggesting that the company was on the front lines in the struggle for ethnical equality, Black Swan Records preferred to use eye-catching and straightforward pronouncements to attract people’s attention, such as “DON’T BE DECEIVED! BLACK SWAN RECORDS Are the Only Exclusive Colored Records and Are Made by a Colored Company”, “The Biggest Hit of the Season! DOWN HOME BLUES” (Slade). At the same time, Chicago Defender was the only one paper which Paramount issued its advertisement. As the readers of the paper were almost exclusively African Americans Paramount advertised the lyrical content of the song and a catalog release to attract people to buy (Filzen 117). In addition, Paramount also depended on retailers, wholesalers and distributors to sell its records. For example, with the help of some innovative sale techniques such as enticing store owners to stock the “race label”, Artophone Corporation was an important distributor of Paramount (Filzen 117). Besides, promotional gimmicks were also important for paramount to stimulate its sales (Filzen 117). For example, it ever issued an advertisement called, “Lectric Chair Blues”, and stressed that people would be touched seriously with “big, round tears- all kinds of tears and heart throbs”. For another advertisement called “Black Snake Moan No.2”, people could find a picture that a man was frightened by a big black snake on his bed. The picture and the title could greatly attract people’s attention and promote them to be interested in the records.

In conclusion, Black Swan Records and Paramount Records were two important records labels in the 1920s. Even though both of the two companies lasted for a short time, they played significant role in the development of African American music and promoting the appearance of many famous African American artists in the America. At the same time, there are many differences between the two companies in terms of business practices, treatment of African American artists and efforts to appeal to record buyers. Black Swan Records was established to produce a broad range of music by and for African Americans, while Paramount Records began with furniture and took advantage of “race music” to make money. Black Swan Records tried to issue all kinds or records not just blues while Paramount Records focused on blues. Black Swan Records sought to present “respectable” middle-class values while Paramount Records did not. Moreover, Black Swan Records assembled African American artists based on interpersonal network while Paramount depended on its salespeople and record distributors to find new blues talent. It is necessary for artists to play in strict accordance with the arrangements of Black Swan Records while there was no similar rule in Paramount. The black musicians were paid less than white performers of in Paramount, and African American artists also suffered exploitation from Paramount; while the issue did not exist in Black Swan Records. In addition, the two companies also had different ways of marketing and promoting. Black Swan Records promoted its records through eye-catching and straightforward advertisements issued various papers and remarkable music and vaudeville tour, while Paramount relied on only one paper, capacities of retailers, wholesalers and distributors, as well as promotional gimmicks.

References:

Filzen, Sarah. “The Rise and Fall of Paramount Records.” Wisconsin Magazine of History, edited by Hass, Paui H., Wisconsin Historical Society, 1998-9, 104-127

Lovell, Joel. The Ballad of Geeshie and Elvie. The New York Time Magazine, 13 Apr. 2014, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/04/13/magazine/blues.html?_r=0. Accessed 21 Nov. 2017.

Santos, Zeon. “Old Paramount Records Ads That Inspired R. Crumb's Artwork”, Neatorama, http://www.neatorama.com/neatogeek/2014/11/11/Old-Paramount-Records-Ads-That-Inspired-R-Crumbs-Artwork/. Accessed 21 Nov. 2017.

Slade, Paul. “Black Swan Blues: America's First Motown.” PlanetSlade.com, http://www.planetslade.com/black-swan-blues.html. Accessed 21 Nov. 2017.

Slade, Paul. “America's First Motown: Continued.” PlanetSlade.com, http://www.planetslade.com/black-swan-blues7.html. Accessed 21 Nov. 2017.

Suisman, David. Selling Sounds. Harvard University Press, 2009.

“The Amazing Old Paramount Records Ads That Inspired R. Crumb”. Dangerous Mind, https://dangerousminds.net/comments/the_amazing_old_paramount_records_ads_that_inspired_r._crumb. Accessed 21 Nov. 2017.

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Paper范文--Computer thinking

给大家推荐一篇关于Computer thinking的paper范文，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了计算机思维。计算机在我们的生活中越来越普及，它的传播与使用与让越来越多的人认识到它的用处。关于计算机思维，其中一个重点就是对于重要的东西进行备份，内容是指计算机中的内容，在生活中则是指东西。计算机并不是完全可靠，即使你现在使用它时觉得非常顺手，但它都会不期而然地出现问题，所以把重要的内容保存起来，防患于未然永远不会错。

Computer thinking,计算机思维,essay代写,paper代写,作业代写


The computer is more and more popular in our life, its dissemination and use let more and more people realize its usefulness, and let more and more teenagers learn the use of the computer as a basic skill. We used to learn mathematics with mathematical thinking, learning English with English thinking, so we learn the computer also has a computer way of thinking, this is the computer thinking.

The computer is more and more popular in our life, its dissemination and use let more and more people realize its usefulness, and let more and more teenagers learn the use of the computer as a basic skill. We used to learn mathematics with mathematical thinking, learning English with English thinking, then we learn computer with computer thinking, then we know what is the computer thinking, it has what content?

An important part of computer thinking is backing up what's important. Content is what's in a computer, but in life it's what's in a computer. Computer is not entirely reliable, even if you use it now feel how comfortable, how satisfied, it will be out of the blue to appear problem, the important content to stay out of the question and then ask how regret or ask for a computer company get important things back, also can take a lot of cost, than use a variety of ways, the important content to keep up. It is never wrong to nip in the bud.

Computer in the world is a virtual world, no matter how real is not equal to reality, there are many fraud, high-tech crime is carried out by computer and network, in computer of thinking and had to increase a, is to think before operation, especially for their online bank account, don't light meaning to believe every word on the net, even including the mobile phone also is same, multiple channels of confirmation, think before operation, not wrong!

In the office operation, processing documents, many comrades are sitting in front of the computer may not move for several hours, when finally almost complete, suddenly poisoned, the page for no reason will be closed... God, forget to save, a few hours of hard work in vain, there is no reason? Why do I forget to save when I've worked so hard and nothing has come of it? If you don't want this to happen to you, make it a habit to keep what you've made.

In dealing with the file in addition to the important things for backup, conducts corresponding operation notice also know know what is the result after the operation, this time is to see the prompt, many software prompts appear what kind of results after the operation, the tip is very important, sometimes because some operating once won't be able to return to its original state. What do we do when we have to do something that cannot be undone? You can back up and then do it again, making sure you can start over even if you make a mistake.

Menu thinking is the most special item in the computer thinking, the menu is the menu, at first it is for the convenience of the guests to the restaurant to order food, in the computer it has become a very important content, it makes the computer graphical interface more friendly, more convenient to operate. In general, the menu includes most of the operation of the software, even if you do not know where the corresponding menu commands, one by one to find it does not cost a lot of time, so learning the menu has become an important part of learning a new software. When encountered do not know how to do the operation, to find the menu to help, most cases can solve the problem, this is the idea of the menu.

In the computer, for different software will be designed to have a number of corresponding shortcuts, can master the operation of these shortcuts, will make your work twice the result with half the effort. These operations are very fast and convenient. The setting of these shortcuts makes our work more efficient and fast.

There is a popular tendency to pay more and more attention to packaging while neglecting the most important content. For package business, now doing more and more in our country, are exported to foreign countries, many software for a piece of software development, including the now popular anime this block, interface, the picture is doing more and more beautiful, but it is always for content ideas is greater than the packaging, a nice no creative works like a delicate vase, there will be no lasting vitality. Of course, this is not to say that packaging is not important, is also the need for packaging, but the first creative, then packaging is the long-term plan for software development.

As the concept of authority is getting weaker and weaker, there are more and more ideas, especially in the field of computer. There is no authority in computing, there is no best, there is only better. The experts in the field of computer may be very young, or a young boy, do not despise them, this is related to the particularity of the computer, the younger the mind is more unconstrained, can think freely, the solution to the problem will be varied, unexpected, omnipotent.

In the field of software development, software development, although a set of strict procedures, but need to closely also hard to avoid can have holes, a good cost performance to the customer is a computer or software are not as good as its after-sales service, more important, no after-sales service, again good also no one dare to buy software or computer, so in the computer field, after is more important than the pre-sale, completes the after-sales will attract more and more customers.

Do not believe that any software can protect your computer, even if there are eight layers of firewall, hackers and viruses are now all-pervasive, no computer can escape their attacks, unless you do not use it. So get in the habit of killing viruses regularly and your computer will be safe for longer. , of course, this is just a few examples, there are many contents belong to the content of computer thinking, also make the interface more friendly, for example, don't open the strange E-mail, don't literally believe that stranger chat content, regular change computer password, the password is best in after 12, don't put the computer as toys, to overindulge cannot extricate oneself, etc., there are a lot of content, as more cases also appear more computer thinking, hope it can bring us a computer to use it more and more effective, for beginners learning computer, developed a computer will have the very big use.

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Paper范文--KONY 2012

给大家推荐一篇关于KONY 2012的paper范文，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了电影《KONY 2012》。《科尼2012》是一部由隐形儿童制作的纪录片。美国一个名为“被遗忘的儿童”的非政府组织在视频网站上发布了这段视频。这段视频自2012年3月初以来在互联网上引起了广泛关注，在视频网站You-tube上，不到一周的时间内观看量就超过了5000万次。这部纪录片指责乌干达叛军领导人约瑟夫·科尼利用童子军和屠杀等罪行。


KONY 2012 is a documentary movie. In fact, "KONY 2012" is a documentary produced by Invisible Children. It was posted on the video site by a U.S. non-governmental organization called Forgotten Children. The video, which has received widespread attention on the Internet since early March 2012, has seen more than 50 million views in less than a week on the video site You-tube. The documentary accused Ugandan rebel leader Joseph Kony of using Boy Scouts and massacre. In the movie, the directors used some important visual elements to raise the awareness of KONY, the paper aims to analyze these visual elements in the film.

The main content of the film is about the person who called Kony. KONY 2012, a non-profit Invisible Children Inc Invisible Child, is being produced to promote the arrest of KONY "Stop Kone" project, which describes Joseph Kony, head of the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) in Uganda, Committed cruel crimes (Gregory, 2012). One of the main characters in the video is Ugandan boy Jacob, whose brother was killed by the Lord's Resistance Army. Jason Russell, the founder of "Invisible Children," promised Jacob "will help stop Kony." The video, which has received widespread attention on the Internet since early March 2012, has seen more than 50 million views in less than a week on the video site You-tube.

However, as a video publisher, the purpose of "forgotten children" to publish this video has become the hot topic of discussion. Some observers urged the public to be cautious, believing that "Forgotten Children" distorted the truth and guided the audience to documentaries with preconceived notions. Ugandan government spokesman Forid Oprotts said: "The Forgotten Children's Organization portrays Africa as a painful dark place if they use this method to deceive the international community to promote them as Uganda's economy In fact, the organization's activities in the North Sudan area are questionable, and while they are spending some money for the northern Uganda region, they are also largely Interfering in the affairs of the area. "Others, however, argue that calling for an armed act against Kony would only do more harm to the victims of the Lord's Resistance Army. Peter Fan, adviser on U.S. troops dispatching troops to this service, worried that media attention on Kone will actually hinder Konica's arrest. He said: "I think from a strategic point of view, the present form is not optimistic. There is a hidden area in the documentary where months of military operations have taken place and this exposure may cause KONY to continue to shift the capture of the KONY in Africa and the United States.

At the same time, there are others who question the budget of the "Forgotten Children's" Organization, which is actually only a small part of which is used to help Ugandan children. In response, Russell, the founder of the organization, said in an interview with CNN: "We are a maverick organization and our work is not confined to the framework of traditional charitable and non-profit organizations. One-third of fundraising is for filming, the other one-third is for video-related litigation, and the rest is for helping children in the war.This is our model, we are not like the world We are trying to give some help to the local people, for example, to help them buy a dairy cow. "According to the official website of the data released in 2011, the total funds 80.46% for aid services, 16.24% for management fees and 3.22% for fund-raising donations directly.

Since March 5, 2012, a video entitled "KONY 2012" has swept the global social media network. The documentary accused Ugandan rebel leader Joseph Kony of using Boy Scouts and massacre. The slogan "Make him-famous" (made him famous) makes the undeserved Ugandan warlord Kony gradually become a household name. In early March 2012, a documentary documenting in detail the despicable crimes committed by Ugandan warlord Josef Kony was widely spread on all major social networking sites at an alarming rate. This nearly thirty-minute video sparked world-wide resentment and calls for the arrest of Kony also followed the call of the tsunami.

The atrocities shown in the film are horrifying: armed children are forced to kidnap their children by killing their parents, brutally cutting off their lips and limbs; girls who are kidnapped are treated as sex slaves ... The group said it is publishing The documentary aims to arouse the attention of the community and to bring Kony and its leaders the Lord's Resistance Army to justice (Gregory, 2012). As it turns out, "Forgotten Children" eventually led to Joseph Kony and the many crimes he committed as widely known as video. According to data from an online video tracking and analysis company in the United States, "KONY 2012" is the most widely-spread social media video in the world with more than 70 million hits in five days.

In addition to attracting widespread attention on youtube, the film is also featured on Twitter and Facebook, especially by prominent individuals such as Bono, Angelina Jolie, Ryan Seacrest and Rihanna People's attention. Global hot "capture KONY"

While the "KONY 2012" has caused widespread worldwide concern about the tragedy in Africa, people are again accusing the media of reporting too late. An Ugandan military spokesman said: "Fifteen years have passed since this report was reported. If people concerned about this issue 15 years ago, no tens of thousands of people will be killed and no tens of thousands of children will be abducted. But you can live in a warm home ". "KONY 2012" embodies the huge publicity of viral video, also caused controversy and criticism.

Due to Hollywood blockbuster and highly inflammatory rhetoric, "KONY 2012" is uploaded to the internet and acts like a virus. March 17, the video hits more than 80 million times, and many individuals, sites to share (Edmondson, 2012).

However, more and more Internet users get the attention and support, while some other facts are slowly surfaced. Michael Wilkerson, a journalist who has been working in Uganda for many years, said: "It is a good thing to get rid of KONY, he and his army are overbearing for more than 20 years, but I have two things to say: First, Joseph KONY are not in Uganda. Second, the number of the Lord's Resistance Army is now only a few hundred. Even though the contingent is still struggling to create misery, millions of people who have a good starting point but misguided Internet users can help solve complex real problems Still unknown. "

From the questions which are put forward by Wilkenson, one can also draw the following facts: firstly, Lord's Resistance Army's scope of activity is no longer in Uganda, but the Congo, Sudan. Secondly, since October 2011, U.S. President Barack Obama has authorized 100 U.S. military advisers to help the Ugandan military to hunt for KONY. No results have been disclosed yet. Third, the Lord's Resistance Army is now much smaller than what is suggested in the video, with no 30,000 or 60,000 Boy Scouts, and 30,000 should be the total number of children who have been abused by the Lord's Resistance Army for nearly 30 years. Despite this fact, the virus of "KONY 2012" has not been prevented from spreading. Many people still think that "Kohnny will be brought to justice by public opinion."

Jason Russell, the founder of Invisible Children, directed "KONY 2012" and appeared as a loving father in the video. However, a photo taken by Associated Press reporter Grana Gordon in 2008 shows that Jason Russell and two other "invisible children" founders guns and firearms along the Sudan and the border with the Congo (Beth， 2012). Russell Seems to be in the documentary with his own fatherhood created by the two distinguished.

Immediately after this, the "invisible child" made an official reply saying that three people were watching Joseph Kony taking part in a peace talks and took a joking attitude to take this picture. Russell uses a short film to make millions of Internet users simply judge Kony events, but he does not want people to pass a photo to judge him.

On March 12, "KONY 2012" was translated into a local language and played in a park in a city in northern Uganda. It was opposed by the audience. According to reports, "the audience's response was confused and then angered, and finally evolved into an overwhelming fury with rock and dogfight that quickly scared the viewing side." Screenings were interrupted and others The show was stopped. Ugandan people have called radio stations to protest the video's portrayal of the victims. Some people said that this is more like a film focusing on whites instead of Ugandans. There are people who say the pain of the past should be forgotten, do not want to review. On the morning of March 15, local time, Russell, 33, was arrested by U.S. Chicago police on the grounds that he was running in the street wearing only underwear, seriously disrupting traffic and making sexual gestures in public. After arresting Russell, the police sent him to a local hospital for mental health examination. The incident culminated in the controversy over "KONY 2012", and some began questioning Russell's character and questioning the justice of "invisible children."

Ethan Zuckerman, a senior researcher at Harvard University's Berkman Network and Social Center, said: "This short video is a very cursory way of understanding whether a person is good or bad.

"KONY 2012" is a short video for high school students and college students, Internet users with short attention is also one of its audience. However, according to an article published on the website of the U.S. Foreign Policy magazine, "KONY 2012" has been modestly simplified so that the ethical issues in conflicts are more prominent and the emphasis is more directly conveyed to the audience (Finnegan, 2013). Its "simplification" Better serve the complex issues behind.

An article on the Foreign Policy website said that although the number of LRA rebels has dropped sharply from 10 years ago, it remains a major disturbance for local civilians. Since 2008, the Lord's Resistance (Bal, 2013). Army has abducted more than 3,400 civilians and killed more than 2,400 civilians, leaving more than 400,000 people displaced. In the past 30 years, KONY committed a large number of crimes against human rights, which require the attention of the world can be resolved, and "KONY 2012" although there is a simplistic suspect, but to attract a lot of attention to the target, a lot of people It was through it that it began to understand the atrocities committed by Kony and Lord's Resistance Army. When many people criticize "invisible children," they make the mistake of underestimating "invisible children."

In conclusion, this 30-minute video clip has successfully captured the eyes of the world's people on the Internet and made Joseph Kony known to the public in a very short period of time and began to pay attention to this notorious world number one wanted man. To some extent, the director used some wonderful cinematographic skills to make the film become so popular in the website. The evaluations about the film and the director are different, so it is necessary to view the problem objectively.

References

Beth Karlin, & Richard A. Matthew. (2012). Kony 2012 and the mediatization of child soldiers. Peace Review, 24(3), 255-261.

Gregory, S. (2012). Kony 2012 through a prism of video advocacy practices and trends. Journal of Human Rights Practice, 4(3), 463-468.

Bal, A. S., Archer‐Brown, C., Robson, K., & Hall, D. E. (2013). Do good, goes bad, gets ugly: kony 2012. Journal of Public Affairs, 13(2), 202-208.

Finnegan, A. C. (2013). Beneath kony 2012: americans aligning with arms and aiding others. Africa Today, 59(3), 137-162.

Edmondson, L. (2012). Uganda is too sexy: reflections on kony 2012. Tdr the Drama Review, 56(3), 10-17.

Gregory, S. (2012). Editor's choice:, kony 2012 through a prism of video advocacy practices and trends. Journal of Human Rights Practice(3).


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Paper范文--Enterprise management accounting informatization

给大家推荐一篇关于Enterprise management accounting informatization的paper范文，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了企业管理会计信息化。管理会计信息化和其业务进行应有的融合，要求把现代化的信息化手段运用到管理会计当中。不过在提升企业管理会计内部控制效率的同时也带来了应用上的挑战，管理会计信息化作为新时代背景下的新兴理念与技术手段，是实现传统的管理会计的会计核算功能，但运用了现代化的信息化手段。

Enterprise management accounting,企业管理会计信息化,essay代写,paper代写,作业代写

From the traditional push type competition to the new type of information competition, the enterprise's living environment and competition situation under the influence of the information age, has produced extremely obvious changes. An important part of enterprise competitiveness also gradually contains the information processing ability it has and its own level of informatization.

We say the current management accounting information and its business of fusion, requires the application of modern information technology means to management accounting, the relevant concepts, become the product of the field, is combining accounting and management, in the information age, the Internet, cloud computing, Internet of things, advanced information technology such as large data. In a word, it brings challenges in application while improving the internal control efficiency of enterprise management accounting. As a new concept and technical means under the background of the new era, management accounting informatization realizes the accounting function of traditional management accounting, but USES modern informatization means.

Many enterprise leaders, can not fully recognize the enterprise accounting information, simply can not from a long-term perspective to understand, see the advantages of enterprise management accounting information, can not recognize the important significance of improving the efficiency of accounting, and in the optimization of enterprise internal control system has a significant measure. In small and medium-sized enterprises, this phenomenon is particularly common, this situation is also very common in the transition period of enterprises. First of all, the subjective thought that the presentation of management accounting information, can rely on the establishment of information network and accounting information system, management accounting information analogy to the replacement of internal information network. Secondly, it is the most common among the small and medium-sized enterprises or the collective enterprises in the backward areas. Subjectively speaking, accounting informatization does not have any difference with traditional accounting, and the old accounting methods are still used.

First of all, Chinese enterprises lack the overall planning of basic information classification and coding. In the aspect of accounting informationization, most enterprises in our country, formed many "information isolated island", caused the various types of encoding information system and a lot of code not compatible with each other, not according to the height of the entire enterprise management information system in our country, there is the same coding object classification and coding is completely different in different systems, usually only consider the needs of the finance department work. Secondly, the enterprise accounting in the summary of the fill in the degree of attention is not high, did not do standardized. In this paper, the information distortion, or one-sided think is not important, or fill out the content is very general, chaos, in the aspect of management accounting information is the mutual fusion for the business and information technology, due to our country enterprise financial personnel don't realize that make accounting information processing to a certain extent unnecessary difficulties too?? Accounting for the basic business is not in place a performance.

Accounting personnel should have the corresponding computer, financial software, information system and other aspects of the new skills, from the management of accounting information has also produced new requirements, not only the previous accounting expertise. This is the current management accounting information in the process of accounting information, the lack of talent is a major problem. First of all, the previous accounting training effect is poor, talent skills update slowly. The effect of training is not good, lack of assessment, a mere formality. The main reason is that many current training contents do not meet the requirements of management accounting informatization, which is far from the standards required by management accounting, and the theory of management accounting informatization is not comprehensive enough. At the same time, the training of talents is naturally very slow, the concept of accounting informatization is also gradually popularized in the process, in the theory has not been cleared up in the case of researchers and practitioners is also very scarce, because the new accounting informatization talent training is slow.

Accounting informatization will not only bring challenges to accounting information security, but also provide great convenience to accounting treatment of enterprises in China. However, there should be sufficient understanding of the advantages and disadvantages. As all accounting information is stored in the computer information system in the form of electronic data, it is easy to cause data leakage. Due to a series of reasons such as password leakage, operational errors, virus invasion and hacker attacks, it brings losses to Chinese enterprises. However, many enterprises in China are still unable to build a sound risk prevention system for accounting informatization, and have not formed a correct understanding of risk prevention for accounting informatization. In addition, from the opposite point of view, thus further strengthening our country enterprise of bigotry, for our country enterprise management accounting information applications, will obviously impeded, in the event of risk of accounting information, will be one-sided thought to be the disadvantages of management accounting information itself, cause big loss to our country enterprise benefit.

For the leadership of Chinese enterprises, it should be recognized that accounting informatization is related to the efficiency of internal control of Chinese enterprises, and related to the improvement of core competitiveness of Chinese enterprises. It will gradually become the development trend of internal control of Chinese enterprises, and the importance of accounting informatization should and must be recognized. Secondly, the accounting information aspect of the concept of concretization, the leadership should formulate our country enterprise accounting information aspect of the overall development plan, combined with the actual situation of our country's enterprises. In the process of formulating the development plan of Chinese enterprises, the information management system of Chinese enterprises should fully grasp the human, financial, material, information and other resources of Chinese enterprises, and integrate the management thoughts and information technology of Chinese enterprises into them. Finally, for the knowledge of management accounting information into actual action, our country's enterprise leadership should make a reasonable understanding, so as to effectively promote the construction of management accounting information.

The basic work of accounting informatization is of great significance in implementing management accounting informatization. First, the enterprise needs to strengthen the awareness of system initialization work. Enterprises need to pay attention to the system initialization on the basis of the work has some principles: first, to be careful and considerate. After repeated discussion and implementation, according to the characteristics of some Chinese enterprises to carry out system initialization, develop detailed plans, such as management requirements, accounting content and so on. Second, the information classification and coding must be in place, that is, all the accounting information input computer code should be in place.

On the filling in the abstract, we need to recognize the following principles: first, pay attention to the accuracy, so that the abstract and the economic content of the accurate correspondence, should be based on the corresponding economic content to fill in the abstract, so as to reflect the different economic content of the same piece of accounting vouchers. Second, pay attention to the integrity, reflect the accounting vouchers of all economic content is the content of the summary should be able to do. Third, it needs to be classified. Classification categories should meet the use needs of managers and should follow the principle of users' needs, so as to comprehensively reflect the economic content and divide different subjects and accounting items under the same economic content into the same category. Fourth, it is normative. Enough to ensure the accuracy, comprehensiveness and appropriate classification, follow the unified provisions of China's enterprise accounting standards is the most basic requirements for filling in the abstract.

The most urgent need is intensify of accounting informationization talented person's raise, our country enterprise shall, through various ways, strengthen to master advanced information technology personnel and team to find such a group have advanced the concept of information-based personnel, is the enterprise in the important measures for the implementation of accounting information.

First of all, it covers a large amount of knowledge in informatization, such as risk prevention in informatization, management system in informatization, computer application, and management philosophy, etc., and provides employees with basic computer theories and skills training in a planned way. Thus consciously for our country to contribute to the implementation of enterprise management accounting information, can let them from the aspects of theory and practice to realize the accounting information to them as well as the benefits of China's enterprises, can make the staff actively involved in the application of enterprise accounting information in China, make the staff in the basic knowledge, basic concept and information technology to effectively promote awareness, is the purpose of training. Secondly, strengthen our country enterprise accounting information system in the operating skills, operating methods of training. It can help strengthen employees' understanding of accounting informatization, prepare for future accounting informatization practices, strengthen and standardize employees' operation behaviors, and improve their accounting informatization skills. Finally, pay attention to the assessment and feedback of training. Improve the training plan according to the assessment and feedback from employees and supervisors. Conduct practical assessment on accounting informatization for the trained employees.

For the accounting information security of China's enterprises, the construction of risk prevention system for accounting informatization is of great significance, such a step is very important content, used to improve the accounting informatization management system. In my opinion, the establishment of the prevention system in accounting informatization should be based on overall planning, with its own complex hierarchy and huge risk content. First of all, the security of the computer environment, should be strengthened monitoring. At the same time, also should use advanced technology, in terms of financial software platform and the database system, using the security and stability, design of advanced, mature technology, cannot use the pirated software or unknown, mainly in order to resist the virus, and also should build attack prevention system, in view of the network monitoring, establishing computer virus prevention system, an effective firewall, so as to build a reasonable and effective computer security emergency response mechanism. Secondly, the security system should be as multi-level, three-dimensional and comprehensive as possible. Specific security measures include: operation log, which can automatically record the content of the operation, the time of entering and exiting the system, and the password of the personnel entering the system. It can timely detect the attempt of illegally entering the system and approaching the system data files. Encryption processing, should use encryption technology to process important programs, data, files, etc., to prevent others from calling or tampering; Set password and use authority, call corresponding function or close to the relevant file, should only have the ability to operate authority, system operators should be regular or not regularly modify their passwords.


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