https://www.jacionline.org/article/S0091-6749(00)68940-6/fulltext
若かりし頃の中山先生の論文
ＭＭＲワクチンに含まれるゼラチンが原因でアナフィラキシー反応が発症する問題を、ウシ由来ゼラチンから、加水分解したブタ由来ゼラチンに変更して、アナフィラキシー反応が顕著に減少したという報告。
Change in gelatin content of vaccines associated with reduction in reports of allergic reactions
Anaphylactic reactions after administration of measles, mumps, and rubella combined vaccine were first identified as gelatin allergy by Kelso et al.1 Beginning in 1993, anaphylactic reactions were increasingly reported after administration with gelatin-containing vaccines in Japan.2, 3, 4 IgE antibodies against gelatin were detected most frequently from patients with anaphylactic reactions and less frequently from those with urticarial eruptions.4 We analyzed the prior immunization history of acellular pertussis vaccine combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (DTaP) among patients with gelatin allergy and suggested that the gelatin-containing DTaP may have a causal relationship to the development of gelatin allergy.4 Among 6 manufacturers of DTaP in Japan, two have never used gelatin in the production vaccine. The remaining 4 manufacturers no longer use gelatin, and since February 1999, all DTaPs used in Japan are free of gelatin.
The current measles vaccine contains human serum albumin, gelatin, or both as a stabilizer. Kitasato has chosen to produce live attenuated vaccines by using gelatin as a stabilizer to avoid the potential risk of pathogenic contamination in human serum albumin. Concern over gelatin allergy, however, led Kitasato to change the gelatin from native bovine gelatin to hydrolyzed modified porcine gelatin (Prionex; Pentapharm Corp) in 1998. Prionex gelatin, porcine skin collagen hydrolyzed in the low pH solution and treated at 145°C for 1 hour, showed lower binding activity to IgE antibodies against gelatin (data not shown). Measles and mumps monovalent vaccines with Prionex were introduced in September 1998.
We analyzed the postmarketing clinical adverse reactions before (June 1994-August 1998) and after the introduction of vaccines with Prionex (September 1998-December 1999). The results of the number of reported patients with allergic reactions are shown in Table I.