debators
PhD Hirosi Nakagwa at Chiba University
1. The origin of Hero Epic Poetry in Ainu and some
theories about how this is related to a historical
fact .
There 're two theories about its origin .
One is an unitary origin theory
They took a battle between yunkle and repunkle essense
and conected it with historical fact .
One of its typical thesises is '' People and life of
yukara '' by PhD Mashiho Chiri .
The other is a multilayer origin theory
Each tale was formed independently and then was combined
with each other . A whole genre of Hero Epic Poetry itself
was made in different age and various regions .
They insist that poetry was created throgh an
accumulation of time .
This advocate is PhD Kyosuke Kindaichi .
2. Time layer of Hero in Epic Poetry in Ainu
Some items to think of time layer ( a graph above )
＊ a hero or heroine were necessarily brought up by
people who were not parent .
＊ we can find a wind range of description of
'' chashi '' in tales .
＊ the varietty of its name
yukara : Saru , Iburi , Chitose , Shizunai , ( Ishikari )
sarokope ： Tokachi , Kushiro , Shiranuka , Soya ,
( Ishikari )
hauki : Sakhalin
hau : Hidaka
yaieravu ; Iburi , Samani
＊ the variety of the name of hero or hirne
shinutapurika ( poiyaunpe )
Saru , Iiburi ,Chitose ,Shizunai ,( Ishikari )
otakkusu , otasamu
Sakhalin , whole area in Hokkaido
＊ a struggle between yaunkule and repunkle which was
called a coalition village
＊ at a entrance of sihikara people and yichi people
What can we find out the items above ?
( 1 ) We can see '' chashi '' at the wide range
from Sakhalin to Hokkaido , there might be a
possibility that it had alredy benn existed at
the time when the origin of this genre was
created . Then the the time when Hero Epic Poetry
was formed would follow the spred of chasi
( 2 ) comparing it that the tale in which
Otakkusu people were a hiro has been
disributed in Saklin and a whole are in
Hokkaido , the poetry in which shinutapuka
people were limited in some part of the
souther part of Hokkaido
( 3 ) A tale in which the hero as '' the general
commander '' has entered was only existed in the
part of the southern Hokkaido , and poetry where
the Ishikara people and Yoischi people has appeared
was limited in Saru and Iburi area .
These were considered newer elment in Epic Poetry .
the sphere of influence of Ainu in early modern times
3 . Some problems concerning the Ishikara people and
the Yoichi people
＊ That a tale where the Ishikarra people and
the Iyochi people entered was limited turns out
to means that it has been handed down in
the area centering around Sumunkle .
We can think of the possibility the historical
relasionship between Ishikari and Yoichi was reflected
in the poetry .
Although we can 'nt identify when the local
groups like Sumunklel have been formed , It 's been
known that Ishikari , Yoichi and Sumunkle had been
independent and had its own chief respectively .
Refer to the picture above
＊ the formation of chief class is considered to
be connected with the accumulation of wealth
through trade with the Japanese and the
Continents . When we think of intersets among
those groups , the problem about trading can 't be
ignored .
For example
○ a golden otter
a valuables ( both The Japanese and the Continent
want )
○ a relation between Repunkle and Ishikara
a trade partner
○ a bottle of the Repinkle concerning marriage of
sister of Ishikari
an alliance with each other
the situation of uprising of regional groups in
Shakushain 's Revolt ( 1669 - 1672 )
Ishikari group was 'nt against
debators
