昨夜あたりから、中文サイトも含めて火がついたようにどばばばばばばっっっ、とウワサがウワサを呼んでいる問題の書『The Tiananmen Papers』
1989年のいわゆる「天安門事件」において、故トウ小平と当時の長老らが、どのような過程で決断を下したかが詳細に描かれていると言われるこの文書は、元々とある中国高官が米国に持ち出したもの。
昨年、江沢民主席との対談に成功し大きな話題を呼んだ米ＣＢＳ伝説のマイク・ウォレスがこの高官にインタビュー、同番組は明日（現地時刻）米国で放映予定。
Documents Reveal Top Chinese Split Before Crackdown
---Li Peng Led Drive to Clear Tiananmen Square of Protest
（Washington Post 2001.01.05）
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A25001-2001Jan5.html
『中國六四真相』披露
（多維新聞特集）
http://www1.chinesenewsnet.com/Feature/C011.html
天安門制圧、トウ小平氏が最終判断 米誌が党文書掲載へ
（asahi.com 国際欄 2001.01.06 17:04）
http://www.asahi.com/0106/news/international06007.html
1989年のいわゆる「天安門事件」において、故トウ小平と当時の長老らが、どのような過程で決断を下したかが詳細に描かれていると言われるこの文書は、元々とある中国高官が米国に持ち出したもの。
昨年、江沢民主席との対談に成功し大きな話題を呼んだ米ＣＢＳ伝説のマイク・ウォレスがこの高官にインタビュー、同番組は明日（現地時刻）米国で放映予定。
Documents Reveal Top Chinese Split Before Crackdown
---Li Peng Led Drive to Clear Tiananmen Square of Protest
（Washington Post 2001.01.05）
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A25001-2001Jan5.html
『中國六四真相』披露
（多維新聞特集）
http://www1.chinesenewsnet.com/Feature/C011.html
天安門制圧、トウ小平氏が最終判断 米誌が党文書掲載へ
（asahi.com 国際欄 2001.01.06 17:04）
http://www.asahi.com/0106/news/international06007.html
Who Wanted Troops in the Square, Who Didn't and What They Said About It
(New York Times 2001.01.06)
http://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/06/world/06TEXT.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/06/world/06TEXT.html?pagewanted=2
http://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/06/world/06TEXT.html?pagewanted=3
Following are excerpts from "The Tiananmen Papers," to be published Monday by PublicAffairs. Longer excerpts will appear in the January/February issue of Foreign Affairs. (Explanations in boldface are by The New York Times.)
At first, China's student-led democracy movement seemed to elicit calls within the Communist Party leadership for deeper change. The documents describe the following exchange in a Politburo meeting on May 10, 1989:
Li Ruihuan [Politburo member]: We very much need real dialogue. We can't confront the students with inflammatory or antagonistic propaganda anymore . . . We should take a sober look at what has caused the strong rebellious streak in the popular mood in recent times. We said there would be no inflation, then in fact inflation came -how could people not feel rebellious . . . ? It makes no sense just to arrest dissidents and hold them in prison. Instead, we should send them abroad and not let them come back for a certain amount of time.
Bo Yibo [party elder]: I agree with Comrade Ruihuan . . .
Tian Jiyun [Politburo member]: We need to take effective measures to clean up government and to accelerate our steps toward democracy.
Hu Qili [Politburo member]: Reform of our news media can play an important part in speeding democratization. A critical press will help maintain the vitality and longevity of our party and government.
On May 13 the Communist Party general secretary, Zhao Ziyang, pleads with Deng Xiaoping for restraint:
Zhao Ziyang: The party has to adjust to new times and situations. We have to do a good job with political education but then use the methods of democracy and law to solve actual problems. . . . When we allow some democracy, things might look "chaotic" on the surface, but these little "troubles" are normal inside a democratic and legal framework. They prevent major upheavals and actually make for stability and peace in the long run.
From a Politburo meeting on May 16:
Zhao Ziyang: The vast majority of student demonstrators are patriotic and sincerely concerned for our country. We may not approve of all of their methods, but their demands to promote democracy, to deepen the reforms and to root out corruption are quite reasonable, and I even think it's quite understandable when they sometimes go a bit overboard.
As the demonstrations continued, the mood began to change, particularly among the party elders. Distressed by the upheaval, they are quoted beginning to talk about a crackdown. From Politburo meetings on May 17:
Deng Xiaoping: We want to build a socialist democracy, but we can't possibly do it in a hurry, and still less do we want that Western-style stuff. If our multiparty elections, we'd get chaos like the "all-out civil war" we saw during the Cultural Revolution. You don't have to have guns and cannon to have a civil war; fists and clubs will do just fine. Democracy is our goal, but we'll never get there without national stability. . . . Beijing can't keep on going like this. We first have to settle the instability in Beijing, because if we don't we'll never be able to settle it in the other provinces, regions and cities. Lying down on railroad tracks, beating, smashing and robbing -if these aren't turmoil then what are they? If things continue like this, we could even end up under house arrest. After thinking long and hard about this, I've concluded that we should bring in the People's Liberation Army and declare martial law in Beijing.
The highest decision-making body in China is the Politburo's Standing Committee. The documents indicate that its five members split on martial law. They voted two to two, with one abstention, in a meeting later that day. Their comments as they voted:
Li Peng: I support Comrade Xiaoping's views on martial law. . . .
Zhao Ziyang: I'm against imposing martial law in Beijing. My reason is that, given the extreme feelings of the students at this juncture, to impose martial law will not help calm things down or solve problems. It will only make things more complicated and more sharply confrontational. . . . In the 40 years of the People's Republic, our party has learned many lessons from its political and economic mistakes. Given the crisis we now face at home and abroad, I think that one more big political mistake might well cost us all our remaining legitimacy.
Hu Qili: After much careful thought, I too have decided that I am against martial law in Beijing. . . .
Qiao Shi: On the question of martial law, I find it hard to express either support or opposition.
Real power lay with the party elders, especially Deng, and he convened a meeting on May 18 that reportedly included this exchange among the octogenarians:
Deng Xiaoping: We all feel Beijing can't go on like this; we have to have martial law. . . .
Chen Yun: We have to stick with our principles no matter what; we have to stay the course with no change. It seems to me that if we can't even hold to these principles, then what we're doing is destroying our People's Republic ・which we won from decades of battle, with the blood of thousands of revolutionary martyrs ・all in a single day. . . .
Deng Yingchao: Retreat means that we fall, that the People's Republic falls, that a capitalist restoration wins; it'll be what that American, [former Secretary of State John Foster] Dulles, hoped for, that our socialism would turn into capitalism after a few generations. The main point in implementing martial law is to get Beijing back to normal as soon as possible and to rescue the children from Tiananmen Square; to see them fasting breaks my heart.
Wang Zhen: Give 'em no mercy! The students are nuts if they think this handful of people can overthrow our party and our government! These kids don't know how good they've got it! When we were their age we lived in a forest of rifles and a rain of bullets; we didn't know what a peaceful day was! So aren't they dandy now? Give them peace and they don't want it; they want to go starve themselves instead. . . . If the students don't leave Tiananmen on their own, the People's Liberation Army should go in and carry them out.
Wang Zhen: Those goddamn bastards! Who do they think they are, trampling on sacred ground like Tiananmen so long? They're really asking for it! We should send the troops right now to grab those counterrevolutionaries, Comrade Xiaoping! What's the People's Liberation Army for anyway? What are martial law troops for? They're supposed to grab counterrevolutionaries. . . . Anybody who tries to overthrow the Communist Party deserves death and no burial. . . .
Li Peng: I strongly urge that we move immediately to clear Tiananmen Square and that we resolutely put an end to the turmoil and the ever-expanding trouble. . . .
Deng Xiaoping: I agree with all of you and suggest that martial law troops begin tonight to carry out the clearing plan and finish it within two days. . . .
The next day, June 3, Li Peng gave an even wilder presentation to the leaders, describing as a riot an incident in which civilians harassed soldiers:
Li Peng: Late last night a counter revolutionary riot broke out in Beijing. A small handful of counterrevolutionaries began spreading rumors and openly violating martial law. They were brazen and lawless, and their behavior has aroused extreme indignation among the masses. We must resolutely adopt decisive measures to put down this counterrevolutionary riot tonight. . . .
Chen Xitong: The lawless elements used all manner of despicable means to defame our soldiers, attack the martial law troops, and stir up trouble between the troops and the citizenry. The situation has become utterly intolerable. We have to take resolute measures at whatever cost to put down the counterrevolutionary riot. . . .
Li Peng: We have to be absolutely firm in putting down this counterrevolutionary riot in the capital. We must be merciless with the tiny minority of riot elements. The P.L.A. martial law troops, the People's Armed Police, and Public Security are authorized to use any means necessary to deal with people who interfere with the mission. Whatever happens will be the responsibility of those who do not heed warnings. . . .
Yang Shangkun: The Martial Law Command must make it quite clear to all units that they are to open fire only as a last resort. And let me repeat: No bloodshed within Tiananmen Square-period.
That night, the troops forced their way into the center of Beijing from several directions. In accordance with Yang's directions, the troops held their fire in the central part of Tiananmen Square, but hundreds were killed and thousands injured in other parts of the city. A military bulletin to the leadership describes one of the first clashes:
Infantrymen led the way, firing into the air. Then the soldiers ・with the first two rows in a kneeling position and those in back standing--pointed their weapons at the crowd. Approximately 10:30 p.m., under a barrage of rocks, the troops opened fire.
Copyright 2001 The New York Times Company
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一体、どれが新事実なんだ？と、一心不乱に英語中国語比べてたら寄り目になっちゃった。結局よくわからん。言いたかったのは
On June 2, the documents say, Li Peng gave a highly inflammatory report to the elders, suggesting that Americans and Taiwanese were infiltrating the democracy movement and using it to provoke bloodshed and destabilize China. This helped persuade the elders to order the army to crush the democracy movement
この部分だけだったりして。香港にいると、中央政府「公式発表」なんか元々全然信じちゃいないし、いろんな説が入って来るから、どの情報が世間一般の通説だか却ってわからなくなりますよね。
> ***
これを読んでいて思い出したのは、産経が一昨年長期連載していた『毛沢東秘録』の元本ですね。四人組逮捕の真実！とか林彪墜落死の真実！とか、一応詳細にわたって書いてあるんだけど、こういう内幕ものは香港ではいくらでも出版されてるし、大陸内ですら民間レベルではみんなとっくに知ってるような話なんじゃないかな。
ただ、電話の会話を録音したものなんかもあるそうなので、それは聞いてみたいです。これは今日ＣＢＳが放映する番組に入ってるのかな。香港で「60 Minutes」放映するの何曜日でしたっけ。
> ***
高円寺さんは当時、英国駐在でしたっけ。私この頃日本にいて余りニュースを見ていなかったんですが、どんな風に報道されてたか覚えてますか。そう言えば去年の６月４日、ちょうどロンドンにいて新聞読んでたんですが、な～んも書いてなくて拍子抜けしました。
> ***
私は、中国は、というより、中華人民共和国は、そのうち社会主義に飽きて自らやめるんじゃないかと思っています。資本家の党への登用には江沢民主席自ら乗り気みたいだし（自分の息子のせいか？）現在はビジネス界のみで活躍している太子党も、続々と要職に採用されるようになるんじゃないかな。その人たちが名実上のトップになる頃には、システムも随分変わっていると思います。
> ***
話全然違いますが、インドネシア味の素エラい事になってますね。あれも、国や業種は違えど、駐在員さんにとってはかなり衝撃的な事件だったのでは。
>> 話全然違いますが、インドネシア味の素エラい事になってますね。
> ***
さてはダンディ高円寺特派員、英語のニュースばっか見てますね。
インドネシアで、味の素に豚酵素が入っていた事が発覚し、逮捕者が出た事件です。しかし、イスラム教の国で豚使ったなんて信じられない事ですが、何でまた。一応、割と最近になって変更した際に不注意でそういうハメになったようですが、当局が逮捕に踏み切ったため、味の素側でもかなり衝撃を受けているようです。
でも、そう言えばいつだったか香港のマクドナルドでも言ってたな。ハッシュブラウンを揚げるのに豚の脂を使ってたんだったか（香港のマクドナルドはイスラム教徒のクレームを拒否したそうです．．．）
これはYahoo!Japanの特集ですが、多分、他の新聞にもいろいろ載ってると思う～
http://news.yahoo.co.jp/Full_Coverage/Indonesia/
今日、中国外交部（外務省）の朱邦造報道官が『六四真相』文書に対する中国政府の見解を発表。早速、新華社、チャイナ・デイリーのオンライン版に掲載されてます。
Chinese FM spokesman on Tiananmen Papers
（China Daily 2001.01.09）
「中国共産党および中国政府は、１９８９年晩春から夏にかけ北京で起こった政治的動乱については、すでに正しい結論に到っている」として、同文書の内容を否定。また、江沢民を中心とする共産党中央委員会の団結を強調（注：一部メディアで、江沢民主席を失脚させようとする陰謀説、党内不和説が出ている事を暗に非難していると思われる）（注：今朝のフォックス淳子さんのチャイナへの投稿は偶然です。まだ読んでまへんでした）（笑）
中央政府の「公式見解」としてはまあモットモな事で、それはそれでエエんですが、最近、党機関紙、特に英字紙チャイナ・デイリーなんかで、以前だったら触れずに済ませていたと思われる話題でも積極的に取り上げる傾向が見られます。その方がスゲエぞ。中国版ペレストロイカ？
尚、１１月初めの最新ネット規制後、監視がいっそう強化された人民日報ＢＢＳ（今10:00～22:00限定）、めっきりオトナしくなった事はなっったんですが、やはりウワサ話が大好きな中国人、「俺は知ってるんだぞー！」とゆうキモチを抑えきれないのか、時々意味深トピが投稿されてて笑えます。
先日も、こんなん出てましたが、
能看到www.chinesenewsnet.com[口馬]?
文章作者：[cp2010] 2001-01-07, 10:44:28
http://202.99.23.237/cgi-bbs/ReadFile?whichfile=1744740&typeid=14
これが１時間ちょっとで削除されたか。今は、
外交部発言人朱邦造簡歴
文章作者：[我是笑笑] 2001-01-09, 12:19:27
http://202.99.23.237/cgi-bbs/ReadFile?whichfile=1753858&typeid=14
こんなん（笑）
> ***
さっきラジオでもチラっと言ってましたが、この時以来カンケイ険悪になり、ルパート“先日、蘋果日報に「香港人のヨメが双子の女児懐妊！」と誤報された男（笑）”マードック翁の「自主規制」により中止されていたＢＢＣが、７年ぶりに中国の一部（豪華ホテルなど）で放送再開されるようです。
ＢＢＣ、中国でテレビ放送の免許を獲得
（時事通信/Yahoo!Japan 2001.01.09 11:28）
http://news.yahoo.co.jp/headlines/jij/010109/int/11284201_jijintx521.html
英ＢＢＣ、7年ぶりに中国での放送権の再認可を獲得
（ロイター/Yahoo!Japan 2001.01.09 14:41）
http://news.yahoo.co.jp/headlines/reu/010109/ent/14413001_japan_25180_1.html
そう言えば先日宴会の後、例によって明記のそばのサウス・パシフィック（南洋酒店）に泊まったんスが、テレビのチャンネルにＣＣＴＶ１、２があって、ワタシにとっては大変モノ珍しいもんで、思わず見入ってしまいました。音楽のプロモビデオがお洒落だった＆ニュースの解説のオジサマが好みだった（何見てんだか）
＞今日、中国外交部（外務省）の朱邦造報道官が『六四真相』文書に対する中国政府の見解を発表。
これに対し、米国を中心とする西側メディアの「第二波」が。
Beijing Denounces Tiananmen Papers
---Published Files Detail Leadership Split
By Philip P. Pan
（Washington Post 2001.01.09）
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A33162-2001Jan8.html
China Gov't Reject Tiananmen Papers
By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
（New York Times 2001.01.08）
http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/world/AP-Tiananmen-Papers.html
China Declares 'Tiananmen Papers' a Fabrication
By REUTERS
（New York Times 2001.01.09）
http://www.nytimes.com/reuters/world/international-china-t.html
China Says Protest Papers Are Distorted
By ERIK ECKHOLM
（New York Times 2001.01.09）
http://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/09/world/09CHIN.html
Tiananmen Legacy
（New York Times 2001.01.09 To the Editor）
http://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/09/opinion/L09CHI.html
Chinese government says Tiananmen papers are fake
（CNN 2001.01.09 05:47HKT）
http://www.cnn.com/2001/ASIANOW/east/01/08/tiananmen.papers.01/index.html
Chinese government says Tiananmen papers are fake
（CNN 2001.01.09 10:51HKT）
http://www.cnn.com/2001/ASIANOW/east/01/08/china.tiananmenpapers.02/index.html
Editor defends China book
（CNN 2001.01.09 02:58GMT）
http://www.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/asiapcf/01/09/China-Tiananmen2/index.html
ああもお。キミたち、ちょっと落ち着け。
「too simple, sometimes naive」って、笑われるよ（笑）
＞昨年、江沢民主席との対談に成功し大きな話題を呼んだ米ＣＢＳ伝説のマイク・ウォレスがこの高官にインタビュー、同番組は明日（現地時刻）米国で放映予定。今、ジョン・フォックスが教えてくれた。ありがとうジョン・フォックス。
このZhang Liang（音訳：張良、仮名）インタビューが
香港では今日夜10:00、ATV Worldで放映。顔もナシ、声、アクセントも変えてあるとの事で、「謎が解明される」と言った種のモノではありませんが、何しろ沢民おじさま、
お気に入りだったウォレスさん（香港のレポーターに喝！事件参照）を一気にキライになったみたいなので（笑）今度は大陸では一切放映されないでしょう。
もっとも、この文書のリークそのものが「李鵬おろしのためワザと」説も。
正式な発売日は、当初の予定を遅らせてまで故・胡耀邦氏の命日である「４・１５」と決められた筈が．．．
「天安門文書」香港で割引販売…民主派
（読売 2001.04.13 22:28）
http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/05/20010413id23.htm
．．．オイ！！ アタシさっき、チャイナに投稿しちゃったじゃんかよ、あったくもー油断もスキもねえな香港ブツブツ。
しかしこの「支聯会」がハリ切って売るのも無理はありません。先日の海南島軍事機接触でスッカリ影がうすれてしまいましたが、その直前、米国籍や香港籍の華人学者が大陸で次々と拘束されており、その原因はこの文書に関係あるのでは、と見られています。
大陸の改革派危うし！．．．石田様、ひょっとしてそのために何清漣記者の話をフったのかしら．．．（考えている）