下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- The us election，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了美国大选。政党在当代美国的选举参与中发挥着重要的作用。两党制是美国政治制度的基本结构，只有一个政党赢得选举才能控制政府。政党可以通过在传统和社交媒体上准备口号和竞选活动，并动员其成员加入当地社区，从而帮助获得选票。政党在国会中组织权力，对整个政治体系和总统至关重要。所有这些因素都使得政党非常重要，人们对政党的忠诚会影响他们的投票意愿。
The voting process of the U.S political system is complicated and can be affected by many factors. Political parties and candidate characteristics play important roles in mobilizing electoral participation in US elections. Other factors like individual characteristics of voters, political socialization, electoral laws and rules also play vital roles in voting likelihood.
Political parties play an important role in the electoral participation in contemporary U.S. The two-party system is the fundamental structure of the America political system, and only one party can control the government if it wins the election. Firstly, political parties are responsible for the recruitment of candidates for U.S offices on all levels. Secondly, parties organize nominations of its candidate to participate in the elections. What is more, political parties can help to get out the vote by preparing slogans and campaigns on traditional and social media and activating its members into the local community. Parties organize power in the Congress and they are vital to the whole political system and the president. All these factors make political parties very important and people’s loyalty towards political parties can affect their willingness to vote. In the contemporary U.S., voters might sense a level of identification towards either the Democrats or the Republicans, depending on their loyalty formed from social and cultural experiences. This is called the partisan identification, and it affects people’s views on the presidential election (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 225). Although there are certain number of people who are not particularly partial towards any certain parties, many establishes loyalties towards their parties. For example, in the 2016 campaign, up to 89% of Democrats voted for Clinton/Kaine, while 90% of Republicans voted for Trump/Pence (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 225). Thus, political parties can mobilize people’s participation in elections and affect the voting rate.
Meanwhile, candidate characteristics tend to be more and more important in such an information age. Each candidates’ personal characteristics and attributes are magnified by the media and therefore drawing more and more attention from voters. The key attributes that can influence voter’s decisions include race, ethnicity, religion, gender, and social background (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 226). It is quite normal for voters to feel connection to a candidate who share the same ethnicity, race, religion, or geographic background with them, and even with similar political views and ideas. These characteristics, on the other hand, might make others uncomfortable and therefore choose not to vote for them. The candidates’ personal quality can also draw attention and it is a trend to value integrity on them, for Trump is a good example. His voters value his ‘can-do attitude’ and his spirit of not afraid to speak up.
The socialeconomic status of a person strongly affects his/her likelihood to vote because it decides how much political knowledge he/she can own. If one is well-informed, he/she can identify his/her political interests and take actions to get what they want. The most effective way is to participate in expressing one’s public opinions, such as attending political meetings or voting. According to the 2012 American National Election Study, those with a $75000+ annual income are almost 20% more likely to sign a petition and 13% more likely to attend a town or city council meetingthan those with $20000- income (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 169). Therefore, those with higher income and higher education level tend to participate more actively in voting campaigns. Those are young also vote less than those who are older, and the minorities such as Asian Americans, African Americans and Latinos also participate less than whites (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 222).
People’s views and attitudes towards elections and political parties are affected by their political beliefs. Such process is called political socialization, and it has different agents and elements that shape people’s political beliefs (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 150). To begin with, people’s family and social networks strongly affects the process of shaping political beliefs. Another agent is education. One’s social groups and public opinion also matters, not to mention gender, race and ethnicity. These factors are well reflected in the recent 2016 presidential elections. Trump was supported largely by white working-class voters and those without a college degree, while Clinton had support from the Wall Street and those who are better educated, many being women, ethnic minorities, and younger voters (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 233). What is more, people’s political orientation is also strongly affected by their party affiliations. They tend to vote for those with similar political views even inside the same political party. During the 2016 primary election, Clinton mainly had competition with Bernie Sanders in the Democratic Party, while Trump faced pressure from bush, Cruz, and Rubio in the Republican Party (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 232). In sum, the political environment matters to all voters.
The electoral process is quite complicated for it is regulated by all kinds of laws and rules. There are three types of elections in the U.S., including the primary elections which help to elect each party’s candidates for the general election, the general election which elect the candidate for the office, and ballot initiatives among 24 out of the 50 states (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 228). The legislative referendum that all 50 states have allows citizens to vote for or against ballot campaigns, and controversial initiatives tend to draw more voters in action (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 228). The electoral laws can also influence voting through judicial action or recalling an election. The result of the voting can be overturned if a court finds the initiative violating the constitution, such as the 2012 federal court overturn of the California’s Proposition 8 (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 228). As of recalling elections, it usually begins with a petition campaign and aims to remove the elected office before their term is over, such as the 2003 recall of California Governor Davis for the state deficit (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 228).
In most countries, elections are held on weekends or set as a holidays so that people can come to vote when they are not working (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 223). However, the US hold elections on weekdays during work, creating major inconvenience for those who can’t take a break. Another rule that limit voting participation is the requirement that citizens will lose their registration if they move to other places, even for short distances. The time limit is also causing inconvenience – many states would purge citizen’s registration if they haven’t voted for certain period.The requirement of ID is also a common rule. For instance, during the 2016 election, up to 32 states require voters to present their IDs before voting, 7 of them requiring photo IDs. This might reduce the number of voters among certain groups, including the racial minorities, elderly, and the poor (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 223). In comparison, many states have taken steps to make voting easier, such as establishing the all-mail voting system which eliminate polling places and allowing early voting for up to 40 days.
As we can see, the recent U.S elections show more splits and diversity in the society and voting rate has been low, showing little passion and participation from common citizens. While Trump has won the election, there are also numerous protestors who do not recognize him to be a rightful president. In conclusion, political parties and candidate characteristics play important roles in mobilizing electoral participation in US elections. Meanwhile, individual characteristics of voters, political socialization, electoral laws and rules also strongly influence voting likelihood.
References
Ginsberg, Benjamin, J. Theodore Lowi, Margaret Wier, J. Caroline Tolbert, and J. Robert Spitzer. We the People - an introduction to American politics (11th edition). New York, New York: W.W.Norton & Company, 2017.
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51due为留学生提供最好的essay代写服务，亲们可以进入主页了解和获取更多essay代写范文 提供代写服务，详情可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。
The voting process of the U.S political system is complicated and can be affected by many factors. Political parties and candidate characteristics play important roles in mobilizing electoral participation in US elections. Other factors like individual characteristics of voters, political socialization, electoral laws and rules also play vital roles in voting likelihood.
Political parties play an important role in the electoral participation in contemporary U.S. The two-party system is the fundamental structure of the America political system, and only one party can control the government if it wins the election. Firstly, political parties are responsible for the recruitment of candidates for U.S offices on all levels. Secondly, parties organize nominations of its candidate to participate in the elections. What is more, political parties can help to get out the vote by preparing slogans and campaigns on traditional and social media and activating its members into the local community. Parties organize power in the Congress and they are vital to the whole political system and the president. All these factors make political parties very important and people’s loyalty towards political parties can affect their willingness to vote. In the contemporary U.S., voters might sense a level of identification towards either the Democrats or the Republicans, depending on their loyalty formed from social and cultural experiences. This is called the partisan identification, and it affects people’s views on the presidential election (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 225). Although there are certain number of people who are not particularly partial towards any certain parties, many establishes loyalties towards their parties. For example, in the 2016 campaign, up to 89% of Democrats voted for Clinton/Kaine, while 90% of Republicans voted for Trump/Pence (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 225). Thus, political parties can mobilize people’s participation in elections and affect the voting rate.
Meanwhile, candidate characteristics tend to be more and more important in such an information age. Each candidates’ personal characteristics and attributes are magnified by the media and therefore drawing more and more attention from voters. The key attributes that can influence voter’s decisions include race, ethnicity, religion, gender, and social background (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 226). It is quite normal for voters to feel connection to a candidate who share the same ethnicity, race, religion, or geographic background with them, and even with similar political views and ideas. These characteristics, on the other hand, might make others uncomfortable and therefore choose not to vote for them. The candidates’ personal quality can also draw attention and it is a trend to value integrity on them, for Trump is a good example. His voters value his ‘can-do attitude’ and his spirit of not afraid to speak up.
The socialeconomic status of a person strongly affects his/her likelihood to vote because it decides how much political knowledge he/she can own. If one is well-informed, he/she can identify his/her political interests and take actions to get what they want. The most effective way is to participate in expressing one’s public opinions, such as attending political meetings or voting. According to the 2012 American National Election Study, those with a $75000+ annual income are almost 20% more likely to sign a petition and 13% more likely to attend a town or city council meetingthan those with $20000- income (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 169). Therefore, those with higher income and higher education level tend to participate more actively in voting campaigns. Those are young also vote less than those who are older, and the minorities such as Asian Americans, African Americans and Latinos also participate less than whites (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 222).
People’s views and attitudes towards elections and political parties are affected by their political beliefs. Such process is called political socialization, and it has different agents and elements that shape people’s political beliefs (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 150). To begin with, people’s family and social networks strongly affects the process of shaping political beliefs. Another agent is education. One’s social groups and public opinion also matters, not to mention gender, race and ethnicity. These factors are well reflected in the recent 2016 presidential elections. Trump was supported largely by white working-class voters and those without a college degree, while Clinton had support from the Wall Street and those who are better educated, many being women, ethnic minorities, and younger voters (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 233). What is more, people’s political orientation is also strongly affected by their party affiliations. They tend to vote for those with similar political views even inside the same political party. During the 2016 primary election, Clinton mainly had competition with Bernie Sanders in the Democratic Party, while Trump faced pressure from bush, Cruz, and Rubio in the Republican Party (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 232). In sum, the political environment matters to all voters.
The electoral process is quite complicated for it is regulated by all kinds of laws and rules. There are three types of elections in the U.S., including the primary elections which help to elect each party’s candidates for the general election, the general election which elect the candidate for the office, and ballot initiatives among 24 out of the 50 states (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 228). The legislative referendum that all 50 states have allows citizens to vote for or against ballot campaigns, and controversial initiatives tend to draw more voters in action (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 228). The electoral laws can also influence voting through judicial action or recalling an election. The result of the voting can be overturned if a court finds the initiative violating the constitution, such as the 2012 federal court overturn of the California’s Proposition 8 (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 228). As of recalling elections, it usually begins with a petition campaign and aims to remove the elected office before their term is over, such as the 2003 recall of California Governor Davis for the state deficit (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 228).
In most countries, elections are held on weekends or set as a holidays so that people can come to vote when they are not working (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 223). However, the US hold elections on weekdays during work, creating major inconvenience for those who can’t take a break. Another rule that limit voting participation is the requirement that citizens will lose their registration if they move to other places, even for short distances. The time limit is also causing inconvenience – many states would purge citizen’s registration if they haven’t voted for certain period.The requirement of ID is also a common rule. For instance, during the 2016 election, up to 32 states require voters to present their IDs before voting, 7 of them requiring photo IDs. This might reduce the number of voters among certain groups, including the racial minorities, elderly, and the poor (Ginsberg, et al. 2017, 223). In comparison, many states have taken steps to make voting easier, such as establishing the all-mail voting system which eliminate polling places and allowing early voting for up to 40 days.
As we can see, the recent U.S elections show more splits and diversity in the society and voting rate has been low, showing little passion and participation from common citizens. While Trump has won the election, there are also numerous protestors who do not recognize him to be a rightful president. In conclusion, political parties and candidate characteristics play important roles in mobilizing electoral participation in US elections. Meanwhile, individual characteristics of voters, political socialization, electoral laws and rules also strongly influence voting likelihood.
References
Ginsberg, Benjamin, J. Theodore Lowi, Margaret Wier, J. Caroline Tolbert, and J. Robert Spitzer. We the People - an introduction to American politics (11th edition). New York, New York: W.W.Norton & Company, 2017.
51due留学教育原创版权郑重声明：原创essay代写范文源自编辑创作，未经官方许可，网站谢绝转载。对于侵权行为，未经同意的情况下，51Due有权追究法律责任。主要业务有essay代写、assignment代写、paper代写、作业代写服务。
51due为留学生提供最好的essay代写服务，亲们可以进入主页了解和获取更多essay代写范文 提供代写服务，详情可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。
